[Comorbid anxiety disorders in patients with neurological pathology: current state of the problem and the role of etifoxine in treatment strategy].

The article presents theses of the resolution of the Interdisciplinary Council of Experts in Psychiatry and Neurology (Moscow, 2024) on the issue of comorbid anxiety disorders (AD) in patients with neurological pathologies. The authors highlight the high prevalence of comorbid ADs and their significant negative impact on the course of underlying diseases, such as epilepsy, pain syndromes and post-stroke conditions. Modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of ADs in this group of patients are discussed.

[Burden and management of severe asthma in Russia: results from international observational study].

Aim: To assess clinical and demographic characteristics of severe asthma (SA) patients and their management in Russian Federation.

Materials And Methods: This publication provides data for Russian part of population of the international observational study. In Phase I, retrospective analysis of medical records of patients with SA was performed with assessment of clinical and demographic data, medical history, comorbidities, treatment approaches and healthcare utilization.

[Efficacy of dupilumab in real practice in the treatment of severe forms of asthma and atopic dermatitis (comparative retrospective study)].

Background: Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the common α-subunit of interleukin (IL)-4 receptors and blocking signaling from both IL-4 and IL-13, may be recommended for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and bronchial asthma (BA).

Aim: To perform a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of maintenance therapy with dupilumab in patients with severe BA as the main indication for genetically engineered biological drugs and in patients with severe asthma with concomitant severe AD as the indication for targeted therapy.

Materials And Methods: A 6-month retrospective comparative study was performed at the specialized reference center for allergology and immunology.

Antibiotic prescribing practices and perceptions on antimicrobial resistance among healthcare practitioners in Russia.

Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat. The misuse of antibiotics is the main factor contributing to the development of AMR. Healthcare practitioners (HCPs) play a crucial role in the use of antibiotics.

Obligatory medical prescription of antibiotics in Russia: Navigating formal and informal health-care infrastructures.

Antimicrobial resistance control programmes often aim to "fix" the behaviour of antibiotic users and prescribers. Such behavioural interventions have been widely criticised in social science literature for being inefficient and too narrow in scope. Drawing on these criticisms, this article analyses how political programmes for fixing antibiotic behaviours were adapted into the practices of health-care professionals and patients in Russia.

[Clinical and economic analysis of Reslizumab use in the treatment of patients with severe allergic eosinophilic asthma].

Unlabelled: Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic disease of airways. One of its endotypes is eosinophilic asthma, accompanied by both peripheral blood and airway eosinophilia, where severe eosinophilia is usually associated with more severe asthma. Anti - interleukin-5 (IL-5) monoclonal antibodies (MAb) can reduce eosinophil counts in peripheral blood and tissues in asthma patients.

[Genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance in oropharyngeal streptococci in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in those with asthma].

Aim: To identify oropharyngeal Streptococcus species and to analyze the genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance in patients with asthma and in those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Material And Methods: An experimental diagnostic Streptopol+ (Lytech Co. LTD) panel based on a multiplex real-time PCR was applied to investigate the representation of antimicrobial resistance genes (mef and ermB) and the species composition of streptococci isolated from oropharyngeal swab samples from 89 patients with stable COPD and from 51 patients with asthma.

[Clinico-functional phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, their influence on the severity of the disease, and prognostic value for risk evaluation].

Attempts at optimizing classification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reflect clinical heterogeneity of this pathology and provide a basis for the search of new phenotypic markers (especially at the early stages of the disease) that could be useful for prognostication of its severity in individual patients. One of the potential makers is phenotyping of COPD with distinguishing bronchitic, emphysemic, and mixed phenotypes. This paper presents results of analysis of functional characteristics of the patients with these phenotypes.

[Clinical and Functional Phenotypes of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, the Effect on the Severity of the Disease and Prognostic Value in Assessing the Risk of Disease Progression].

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive limitation of airflow rate, hyperergic inflammatory response of the respiratory tract, and systemic manifestations. Prognosis of the disease depends on the severity of these pathogenetic components. FEV1 which characterizes the speed limit airflow do not allow predicting the rate of COPD progression.

[Comparison Study of Oropharyngeal Microbiota in Case of Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Different Severity Levels].

Backgraund: The result of comparative study of oropharyngeal microbiota taxonomic composition in patients with different severity level of bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is presented in this paper.

Aims: To compare oropharyngeal microbiota composition in case of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in different severity levels.

Metods: 138 patients, 50 with BA and 88 with COPD were studied.

[The airways microbial community composition in healthy individuals and bronchial asthma patients].

This review summarizes the results of studies on the composition of microbial communities in the airways of healthy individuals and patients with asthma. Modern molecular genetic technology of the microbial identification, which are based on a sequence determination of encoding proteins genes conserved regions. These regions form the 16s-subunit ribosomal RNA in microorganisms of different species.

[Composition of microorganism community in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

This review summarizes results of research on the composition of microorganism community in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Modern technologies for molecular genetic identification of microorganisms provide a deep insight into the microbiota of patients with chronic broncho-obstructive diseases for the better understanding of bronchopulmonary pathology in man and effect of microbiotic communities on the clinical course of diseases and formation of resistance to antibiotics.

[Molecular and pharmacogenetic mechanisms of severe asthma].

This review summarizes the results of studies to identify the dominant mechanisms of development and persistence of inflammation in severe asthma and results of pharmacogenetic studies of determination response to drugs. These mechanisms could potentially be used for diagnostic purposes and become the new targets of asthma therapy. Pharmacogenetic information will enable the use of a personalized approach to the asthma management which will adjust the therapy technology and increase the possibility of achieving disease control.

[Prophylaxis of esophageal reflux after gastrectomy and proximal stomach resection].

498 operations are analyzed. Simplified invagination with shuttle suture is the advantage of proposed method. Postoperative complications were seen in 18.