Phylogenomic analyses of the genus : description of four novel genera.

The genus comprises 57 species (in February 2024) that are important components of ecosystems and are widely used in biotechnology, especially pharmaceuticals. Phylogenetic analysis of the family (based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence) allowed us to group members of different genera into separate clades; however, the genus was divided into three separate clades. Such phylogenetic heterogeneity could be due to the limitations of 16S rRNA gene analysis.

The use of machine learning for the determination of a type/model of firearms by the characteristics on cartridge cases.

Cartridge cases are commonly collected at crime scenes involving firearms. One of the stages in forensic examination is the determination of the type and model of firearms based on the class characteristics of these cartridge cases. A firearm examiner evaluates the class characteristics on the basis of their knowledge and experience, and by referring to collections of cartridge cases representing class characteristics of different firearms, special databases and reference books.

The Impact of Heterologous Regulatory Genes from Lipodepsipeptide Biosynthetic Gene Clusters on the Production of Teicoplanin and A40926.

StrR-like pathway-specific transcriptional regulators (PSRs) function as activators in the biosynthesis of various antibiotics, including glycopeptides (GPAs), aminoglycosides, aminocoumarins, and ramoplanin-like lipodepsipeptides (LDPs). In particular, the roles of StrR-like PSRs have been previously investigated in the biosynthesis of streptomycin, novobiocin, GPAs like balhimycin, teicoplanin, and A40926, as well as LDP enduracidin. In the current study, we focused on StrR-like PSRs from the ramoplanin biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) in ATCC 33076 (Ramo5) and the chersinamycin BGC in DSM 44151 (Chers28).

sp. nov., producing the glycopeptide antibiotic A477.

In 1973, Eli Lilly and Company described the filamentous actinomycete producing the glycopeptide antibiotic A477 as an species on the basis of its morphological and physiological features and deposited it as NRRL 3884. In this paper, we report that the phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence and the whole genome phylogenomic study indicate that NRRL 3884 forms a distinct monophyletic line within the genus , being most closely related to NBRC 14524 [99.6 % 16S rRNA gene similarity, 89.

Bacterial community and culturable actinomycetes of Phyllostachys viridiglaucescens rhizosphere.

During the course of development plants form tight interactions with microorganisms inhabiting their root zone. In turn, rhizosphere bacteria, in particular members of the phylum Actinomycetota, positively influence the host plant by increasing access to essential nutrients and controlling the pathogenic microorganism's population. Herein, we report the characterisation of the rhizosphere associated actinobacteria community of Phyllostachys viridiglaucescens growing in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden (Crimean Peninsula, Ukraine).

Machine learning applications in forensic DNA profiling: A critical review.

Machine learning (ML) is a range of powerful computational algorithms capable of generating predictive models via intelligent autonomous analysis of relatively large and often unstructured data. ML has become an integral part of our daily lives with a plethora of applications, including web, business, automotive industry, clinical diagnostics, scientific research, and more recently, forensic science. In the field of forensic DNA, the manual analysis of complex data can be challenging, time-consuming, and error-prone.

Properties of Multidrug-Resistant Mutants Derived from Heterologous Expression Chassis Strain J1074.

J1074 is a popular platform to discover novel natural products via the expression of heterologous biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). There is keen interest in improving the ability of this platform to overexpress BGCs and, consequently, enable the purification of specialized metabolites. Mutations within gene for the β-subunit of RNA polymerase are known to increase rifampicin resistance and augment the metabolic capabilities of streptomycetes.

Structural diversity, bioactivity, and biosynthesis of phosphoglycolipid family antibiotics: Recent advances.

Moenomycins, such as moenomycin A, are phosphoglycolipid specialized metabolites produced by a number of actinobacterial species. They are among the most potent antibacterial compounds known to date, which drew numerous studies directed at various aspects of the chemistry and biology of moenomycins. In this review, we outline the advances in moenomycin research over the last decade.

Diversity and bioactive potential of Actinomycetia from the rhizosphere soil of Juniperus excelsa.

Microbial natural products are among the main sources of compounds used in the medical biotechnology field for the purpose of drug development. However, as antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microorganisms is known to be increasing dramatically, there exists a need to develop new antibiotics. Actinomycetia have proven to be a good source of biologically active compounds, although the rediscovery of previously known compounds significantly slows down the introduction of new antibiotics.

Heterologous Expression Reveals Ancient Properties of Tei3—A VanS Ortholog from the Teicoplanin Producer Actinoplanes teichomyceticus.

Glycopeptide antibiotics (GPAs) are among the most clinically successful antimicrobials. GPAs inhibit cell-wall biosynthesis in Gram-positive bacteria via binding to lipid II. Natural GPAs are produced by various actinobacteria.

Mutations within gene XNR_2147 for TetR-like protein enhance lincomycin resistance and endogenous specialized metabolism of Streptomyces albus J1074.

Streptomyces albus J1074 is one of the most popular heterologous expression platforms among streptomycetes. Identification of new genes and mutations that influence specialized metabolism in this species is therefore of great applied interest. Here, we describe S.

Occurrence of and Related Genes beyond the Phylum.

Clinically relevant glycopeptide antibiotics remain among the most successful classes of natural antibacterials. This success, however, is endangered by the spread of glycopeptide resistance genes, also known as genes. Thus, it is important to trace and comprehend possible routes of gene dissemination.

Examination of the possibility to use Siamese networks for the comparison of firing pin marks.

One of the most discussed issues in forensic firearms identification is the subjectivity of conclusions. The main part of firearms examiners' work is to make a microscopic comparison of the marks on cartridge cases and bullets. In this process, examiners have to decide if the quantity and the quality of the observed characteristics are sufficient for identification.

Screening of Thiopeptide-Producing Streptomycetes Isolated From the Rhizosphere Soil of Juniperus excelsa.

The identification of an increasing number of drug-resistant pathogens has stimulated the development of new therapeutic agents to combat them. Microbial natural products are among the most important elements when it comes to drug discovery. Today, thiopeptide antibiotics are receiving increasing research attention due to their potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

Scandium-microorganism interactions in new biotechnologies.

Scandium (Sc) plays a special role in high-tech industries because of its wide application in green, space, and defense technologies. However, Sc mining and purification are problematic due to political, technological, and environmental difficulties. The deficit of this element limits global technological development.

Properties of Spontaneous Mutant of KO-1297.

The J1074 strain remains one of the most popular platforms for the discovery of new natural compounds due to the expression of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) from the microorganisms of the class. Different methods were tested to provide a maximal expression of heterologous BGCs in this strain. However, there is still no description of the properties of spontaneous J1074 mutants in the gene encoding a ribosomal protein S12.

Genetic approaches to improve clorobiocin production in Streptomyces roseochromogenes NRRL 3504.

Streptomyces roseochromogenes NRRL 3504 is best known as a producer of clorobiocin, a DNA replication inhibitor from the aminocoumarin family of antibiotics. This natural product currently draws attention as a promising adjuvant for co-application with other antibiotics against Gram-negative multidrug-resistant pathogens. Herein, we expand the genetic toolkit for NRRL 3504 by showing that a set of integrative and replicative vectors, not tested previously for this strain, could be conjugally transferred at high frequency from Escherichia coli to NRRL 3504.

Genomic Insights into the Distribution and Phylogeny of Glycopeptide Resistance Determinants within the Phylum.

The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) creates a challenge for global health security, rendering many previously successful classes of antibiotics useless. Unfortunately, this also includes glycopeptide antibiotics (GPAs), such as vancomycin and teicoplanin, which are currently being considered last-resort drugs. Emerging resistance towards GPAs risks limiting the clinical use of this class of antibiotics-our ultimate line of defense against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-positive pathogens.

Application of Polydopamine Functionalized Zinc Oxide for Glucose Biosensor Design.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures are widely used in optical sensors and biosensors. Functionalization of these nanostructures with polymers enables optical properties of ZnO to be tailored. Polydopamine (PDA) is a highly biocompatible polymer, which can be used as a versatile coating suitable for application in sensor and biosensor design.

Complete genome sequence of S136, producer of anticancer angucycline landomycin A.

Unlabelled: S136 is the only known producer of landomycin A (LaA), one of the founding members of angucycline family of aromatic polyketides. LaA displays potent anticancer activities which has made this natural product a target of numerous chemical and cell biological studies. Little is known about the potential of S136 strain to produce other secondary metabolites.

Genetically engineered rpsL merodiploidy impacts secondary metabolism and antibiotic resistance in Streptomyces.

Certain point mutations within gene for ribosomal protein S12, rpsL, are known to dramatically change physiological traits of bacteria, most prominently antibiotic resistance and production of various metabolites. The rpsL mutants are usually searched among spontaneous mutants resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as streptomycin or paromomycin. The shortcomings of traditional selection are as follows: random rpsL mutants may carry undesired genome alterations; many rpsL mutations cannot be isolated because they are either not associated with increased antibiotic resistance or non-viable in the absence of intact rpsL gene.

Eliciting the silent lucensomycin biosynthetic pathway in Streptomyces cyanogenus S136 via manipulation of the global regulatory gene adpA.

Actinobacteria are among the most prolific sources of medically and agriculturally important compounds, derived from their biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for specialized (secondary) pathways of metabolism. Genomics witnesses that the majority of actinobacterial BGCs are silent, most likely due to their low or zero transcription. Much effort is put into the search for approaches towards activation of silent BGCs, as this is believed to revitalize the discovery of novel natural products.

CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA COURSE IN PERSONS EXPOSED TO IONIZING RADIATION AS A RESULT OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT.

Objective: Describe and characterize the peculiarities of the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) course and responseto treatment in patients irradiated as a result of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) accident based on theassessment of clinical-laboratory and clinical parameters.

Materials And Methods: The CML patients (n = 33) exposed to ionizing radiation as a result of the ChNPP accidentwere enrolled. The comparison group consisted of CML patients (n = 725) with no history of radiation exposure.

Influence of PDA Coating on the Structural, Optical and Surface Properties of ZnO Nanostructures.

Polydopamine (PDA) is a new biocompatible material, which has prospects in biomedical and sensor applications. Due to functional groups, it can host wide range of biomolecules. ZnO nanostructures are well known templates for optical sensors and biosensors.