[The main provisions of programs of medical and social rehabilitation of patients with occupational diseases of ent organs].

The article discusses the main, modern provisions of the programs of medical and social rehabilitation of patients with occupational diseases of the ENT organs. The criteria of the degree of loss of professional ability to work in hearing loss and malignant neoplasms of the upper respiratory tract are presented. Rehabilitation programs and forms are developed taking into account the needs of the victim in medical, social and vocational rehabilitation, taking into account the potential capabilities and abilities of the victim to carry out professional, domestic and social activities.

[New criteria for professional selection and professional suitability by hearing to work in conditions of exposure to industrial hazards].

New regulations of professional selection and professional suitability for the state of auditory function for persons entering for the first time and already working under the influence of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors are discussed.

[Coverage of issues of professional malignant neoplasms of the respiratory tract in modern clinical guidelines of the Ministry of Health of Russia].

Objective: Analysis and comparison of clinical guidelines (CG) on malignant neoplasms of the respiratory system, placed in the CG rubricator of the Ministry of Health of Russia, for the information they contain on the role of factors and working conditions of the working environment in the etiology of respiratory diseases, including the upper respiratory tract, and comparison this information with published and regularly updated data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).

Material And Methods: Clinical recommendations from the heading of the Ministry of Health of Russia "Cancer of the laryngopharynx", "Cancer of the nasopharynx", "Cancer of the oropharynx", "Cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses", "Cancer of the larynx", "Cancer of the trachea", "Cancer of the lung", and IARC data according to the List of Classifications by cancer sites with sufficient or limited evidence in humans dated 11/29/2019.

Results: The low level of registration of occupational cancer of the upper respiratory tract in Russia is due to an inadequate system of criteria for detecting this form of occupational pathology, a long latency period of diseases, and insufficient assessment of the history of information on the potential role of occupational carcinogens.

[Upper respiratory tract infection with new COVID-19 coronavirus infection and aspects of occupational pathology examination].

The article discusses the issues of a new coronovirus infection CAVID-19, which suddenly appeared from the end of January 2020. in China and actively, widely spread around the world. The SARS-CoV virus is assigned to group II pathogenicity.

[Key points of 'Noise-induced hearing loss' clinical guidelines].

In this article we present the key points of 'Noise-induced hearing loss' clinical guidelines, which are included to the Clinical Guidelines Classifier of the Ministry of Health of Russia (2018). We give the definition of 'Noise-induced hearing loss', disclose the main causes and pathogenetic features of hearing impairment in employees who are affected by intensive noise at work. We state the main clinical and diagnostic criteria, treatment and rehabilitation principles; present the basics of primary and secondary prevention of hearing impairment in 'noise-hazardous' workers.

Evaluation of arterial hypertension risk under exposure to noise and chemical occupational hazards.

The article covers studies on determining priority risk factors for health of female workers of heat-and-power engineering enterprise, risk groups revealed, suggestions for medical examinations with investigations in early diagnosis of cardiovascular system dysadaptation.

[The occupational risk of hearing impairment associated with cardiovascular pathologies in the subjects engaged in 'noisy' industries].

The objective of the present study was to analyze the structure of concomitant somatic pathology in the subjects experiencing the occupational hearing problems. The study demonstrated the increase in the frequency of concomitant chronic diseases and the prevalence of polynosological conditions with the increasing severity of hearing impairment. It was shown that cardiovascular pathologies tend to enhance the risk of hearing loss in the employees engaged in «noisy» occupations.

[FEDERAL CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF HEARING LOSS DUE TO NOISE].

Noise induced hearing loss is a slowly developing hearing impairment, caused by occupational exposure to excessive noise levels, constitutes a lesion of the auditory analyzer and clinically manifested as chronic bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Currently, there is not a treatment that provide a cure of sensorineural hearing loss. Regular, individually tailored treatment should be directed to the pathogenic mechanisms and specific clinical symptoms of hearing loss, as well as the prevention of complications.

[Adaptation potential of cardio-respiratory system in dust diseases].

The article covers results of cardio-respiratory system evaluation in workers exposed to dust, on basis of adaptation potential evaluation via calculation of functional changes index and 6 minutes' walk test with continuous assessment of blood oxygenation and heart rate. Adaptation disorders are supported by results of external respiration assessment and echo-cardiography.

[Clinical and hygienic evaluation of health state of copper production workers in Far North].

The article covers disclosure of fuctional and clinical, laboratory markers of health disorders among workers engaged in major occupations of copper processing enterprise. These markers are used for early diagnosis and prevention of respiratory diseases.

[Modern approaches to carrying out preventive examinations of workers of vibration-dangerous occupations].

The article presents scientific evidence showing the relevance and importance of addressing the issues of improvement of methods and approaches to the implementation of routine inspections of the working population, particularly the workers of vibration-dangerous occupations; the studied interrelationships between the exposure dose of vibration and noise will allow to include these investigations in a program of regular medical examinations of employees to detect early changes in the body of workers exposed to the vibration-dangerous impact.

[The methodological approaches to the evaluation of the risk of developing pathology of the upper respiratory tract in the employees engaged in the dust-producing industries].

The objective of the present work was to develop the scientifically sound criteria for the evaluation of the occupational risks bearing in mind the high frequency of pathological changes in the ciliary epithelium of the upper respiratory tract in the employees engaged in the dust-producing industries. It was proposed to consider an increase of the SIgA level, alkaline shift in nasal secretion pH, elevation of body temperature, slowdown of the mucociliary transport, disintegration of the epithelial mucous membrane, and high frequency of its inflammatory and dystrophic changes as the criteria for early diagnostics of developing pathology of the upper respiratory tract. We have developed the method for the score-based evaluation of the risk of formation of pathological changes in the upper respiratory tract of the employees engaged in the dust-producing industries.

[Diseases of the lymphopharyngeal ring in the employees engaged in dust-producing industries].

The objective of the present work was to study changes in the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract of the employees subjected to the action of industrial aerosols. The clinically and functionally significant mucosal changes in the nasal cavity and pharynx induced by industrially-derived irritants are described, the classification of nosological forms of the diseases of upper respiratory tract is proposed based on the character and extent of the pathological process, the criteria for occupational chronic rhinopharyngolaryngitis have been developed. The frequency of development of pathological changes in the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract (UPT) in the workers undergoing effects of industrial aerosols (IA) is shown to amount to 89%.

[Current aspects of harmonization of classification of occupational hearing loss].

The objective of the present work was to develop unified criteria for the evaluation of the severity of noise-induced hearing loss. Current approaches to taking expert decisions based on the results of medical examination of the patients with impaired hearing are substantially different due to the considerable difference between the criteria for the estimation of hearing envisaged by the international classification, occupational pathology classification, and the national system of medico-social expertise. We undertook an attempt to correct and harmonize the existing criteria for the estimation of severity of occupational hearing loss based on the integration of all the three classification in order to "reduce them to a common denominator" and thereby to ensure the basis for the unified diagnostic and expert decisions for the cases of hearing impairment of any etiology.

[Risk assessment of respiratory diseases in industrial workers].

The paper assesses a dust factor and establishes its etiological proportion in the development of respiratory diseases in workers from mining enterprises in different regions of Russia. Service-length groups at risk for upper tract diseases, criteria for early diagnosis, and a risk for occupational respiratory tract diseases were identified in miners. Trends in humoral factors of immunity were revealed in the workers without bronchopulmonary abnormalities.

[Specific features of the development of pathology of the upper respiratory tracts in the workers employed in the ore mining industry in the subarctic regions].

Criteria for the risk of development of occupational pathology of the upper respiratory tracts in the workers employed in the ore mining industry have been proposed based on the results of evaluation of the occurrence of pathological changes, morpho-functional characteristics of upper respiratory tract mucosa, and immunological properties. These criteria provide a basis for the development of differential approach to the choice of priority hygienic and medical preventive measures designed to a lower the risk of respiratory organ pathology.

[The risk of occupational neurosensory loss of hearing in the workers employed in coal and ore mining industries].

This clinico-audiological study included 983 workers engaged in coal and ore mining exposed to combined effect of occupational noise and vibration. Pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of occupational deafness were shown to depend on intensity and duration of the action of these factors. Impedancometry was used to evaluate the functional state of the middle ear and to study protective and adaptive potential of ear muscles.

UV-B response of greening barley seedlings.

The relationship between the greening stage of barley seedlings and their response to UV-B irradiation was studied. Etiolated barley seedlings ( Hordeum vulgare L., cv.

[Topical problems of occupational deafness].

The article covers up-to-date state of occupational deafness problem, its importance in occupational therapy. The authors defined topical directions of research in contemporary diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of "noise-related" deafness.

Migraine aura lasting 1-24 h in children: a sequence of EEG slow-wave abnormalities vs. vascular events.

The aim of this study was to describe the abnormalities associated with migraine aura lasting 1-24 h in children as shown by EEG, trancranial Doppler (TCD) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In this retrospective study, 11 patients each underwent EEG, TCD and brain SPECT on the day of admission and the day thereafter. On the day of admission, the migrainous hemisphere of all patients showed that the mean velocities were decreased in the middle cerebral artery by TCD, slow-wave abnormalities were recorded after several hours of aura by EEG and the SPECT showed hypoperfusion.

[Industrial aerosols are a risk factor of oncologic diseases in underground miners].

The paper contains new data on the carcinogenicity of industrial aerosol to miners engaged to underground extraction of sulphide copper and nickel ores. Earlier appearance of oncologic diseases (lung and stomach cancer) is typical of this category of workers, exposed to higher aerogenic concentration of nickel in mine atmosphere. This fact demonstrates that the leading role in the ethiology of these diseases is played by multicomponent industrial aerosol containing nickel in the form of complex sulphides.

Response of chlorina barley mutants to heat stress under low and high light.

Barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L.) of wild type and two chlorina mutants, chlorina 126 and chlorina f, were subjected to 42°C for 5 h at light intensities of 100 and 1000 μmol photons m s. The exposure of plants to heat stress at a light intensity of 100 μmol m s induced enormous proline accumulation, indicating that the effect of heat stress was stronger when it was combined with low light intensity.

Response of barley seedlings to UV-B radiation as affected by NaCl.

The response of barley seedlings, subjected to 150 mmol/L NaCl for 4 days at different light regimes (4 d in the light, 4 d in darkness and a 12 h light/dark cycle) before UV-B radiation was investigated. NaCl treatment resulted in a decrease of total chlorophyll content and an increase in H2O2, free proline and lipid peroxidation, as quantified by measurement of malondialdehyde. Significantly more proline was accumulated in the light than in darkness.

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of prostatic cancer].

Prostatic cancer rates second among cancers occurring in males over fifty and occupies the third place among malignancies causing death. Early detection of this disease remains problematic. The authors analyze diagnostic value of NMR tomography in prostatic tumors.