Effects of Wind Exposure and Deficit Irrigation on Vegetative Growth, Yield Components and Berry Composition of Malbec and Cabernet Sauvignon.

The impact of global warming on Argentine viticulture may result in a geographical shift, with wine-growing regions potentially moving towards the southwest, known as one of the windiest regions in the world. Deficit irrigation is a widely used strategy to control the shoot growth and improve fruit quality attributes, such as berry skin polyphenols. The present study aimed to assess the effects of different wind intensities and irrigation levels, as well as their interactions, on field-grown L.

Three-year study of DNA cytosine methylation dynamics in transplanted Malbec grapevines.

DNA cytosine methylation, an epigenetic mechanism involved in gene regulation and genome stability, remains poorly understood in terms of its role under changing environmental conditions. Previous research using methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) markers in a Vitis vinifera L. cv.

Applied GA , GA , and GA increase berry number per bunch, yield, and grape quality for winemaking in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Malbec.

Background: The gibberellins (GAs) GA (inhibitor of GA -oxidase), GA (biologically active), GA (commercially available mixture of Ga and GA ) prohexadione-calcium (ProCa, inhibitor of dioxygenases that render GAs bioactive, negative control), and GA (positive control) were applied to bunches of Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec. Different techniques, doses, and timings were used in a 3-year field experiment.

Abscisic Acid's Role in the Modulation of Compounds that Contribute to Wine Quality.

Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in the plant responses to environmental signals, in particular by triggering secondary metabolism. High-altitude vineyards in Mendoza, Argentina, are exposed to elevated solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) levels and moderate water deficits (WD), thus producing grapevine berries with high enological quality for red winemaking. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and phenolic compounds (PCs) accumulate in the berry skins, possess antioxidant activity, and are important attributes for red wine.

Response to water deficit of semi-desert wild potato Solanum kurtzianum genotypes collected from different altitudes.

Drought-sensitive crops are threatened as a consequence of limited available water due to climate change. The cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) is susceptible to drought and within its wild relative species, Solanum kurtzianum is the Argentinian wild potato species best adapted to arid conditions. However, its physiological responses to water deficit (WD) are still missing.

Vineyard environments influence Malbec grapevine phenotypic traits and DNA methylation patterns in a clone-dependent way.

By studying three cv. Malbec clones cultivated in two vineyards with contrasting environmental conditions, we demonstrated that DNA methylation has an important role in the phenotypic plasticity and that epigenetic modulation is clone-dependent. Clonal selection and vegetative propagation determine low genetic variability in grapevine cultivars, although it is common to observe diverse phenotypes.

Malbec grape (Vitis vinifera L.) responses to the environment: Berry phenolics as influenced by solar UV-B, water deficit and sprayed abscisic acid.

High-altitude vineyards receive elevated solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) levels so producing high quality berries for winemaking because of induction in the synthesis of phenolic compounds. Water deficit (D) after veraison, is a commonly used tool to regulate berry polyphenols concentration in red wine cultivars. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in the acclimation to environmental factors/signals (including UV-B and D).

Acclimation mechanisms elicited by sprayed abscisic acid, solar UV-B and water deficit in leaf tissues of field-grown grapevines.

The independent and interactive effects of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), moderate water deficit and sprayed abscisic acid (ABA) on leaves gas exchange and biochemical aspects of field-grown grapevines of the cv. Malbec were investigated in a high altitude vineyard (1450 m a.s.

Azospirillum brasilense ameliorates the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to drought mainly via enhancement of ABA levels.

Production of phytohormones is one of the main mechanisms to explain the beneficial effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Azospirillum sp. The PGPRs induce plant growth and development, and reduce stress susceptibility. However, little is known regarding the stress-related phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) produced by bacteria.

UV-B impairs growth and gas exchange in grapevines grown in high altitude.

We previously demonstrated that solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation levels in high altitude vineyards improve berry quality in Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec, but also reduce berry size and yield, possibly as a consequence of increased oxidative damage and growth reductions (lower photosynthesis). The defense mechanisms toward UV-B signal and/or evoked damage promote production of antioxidant secondary metabolites instead of primary metabolites.

Solar UV-B and ABA are involved in phenol metabolism of Vitis vinifera L. increasing biosynthesis of berry skin polyphenols.

It has been previously found that abscisic acid (ABA) participates in the activation of grapevine leaf tissue defense against potentially damaging effects of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), apparently by triggering biosynthesis of phenols that filter the harmful radiation and act as antioxidants. The present work studies the effect of solar UV-B and exogenously applied ABA on berry growth, sugar accumulation, and phenol (anthocyanin and nonanthocyanin) profiles across berry development and ripening of Vitis vinifera L. cv.

Abscisic acid is involved in the response of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Malbec leaf tissues to ultraviolet-B radiation by enhancing ultraviolet-absorbing compounds, antioxidant enzymes and membrane sterols.

We investigated the interactions of abscisic acid (ABA) in the responses of grape leaf tissues to contrasting ultraviolet (UV)-B treatments. One-year-old field-grown plants of Vitis vinifera L. were exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) where solar UV-B was eliminated by using polyester filters, or where PAR was supplemented with UV-B irradiation.