Chemokine Involvement in Lung Injury Secondary to Ischaemia/Reperfusion.

Introduction: During transplant surgeries, the lung experiences an ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced damage identified as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. However, the mechanisms by which I/R induces leucocyte accumulation and subsequent tissue damage in lung surgeries remain unknown. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the role of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) in leucocyte chemotaxis related to lung injury secondary to I/R.

Ischaemic preconditioning prevents the liver inflammatory response to lung ischaemia/reperfusion in a swine lung autotransplant model.

Objectives: Lung ischaemia/reperfusion (IR) induces a systemic inflammatory response that causes damage to remote organs. The liver is particularly sensitive to circulating inflammatory mediators that occur after IR of remote organs. Recently, remote ischaemic preconditioning has been proposed as a surgical tool to protect several organs from IR.

Site of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in skeletal muscle of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its relationship with exercise oxidative stress.

Exercise triggers skeletal muscle oxidative stress in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective of this research was to study the specific sites of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in mitochondria isolated from skeletal muscle of patients with COPD and its relationship with local oxidative stress induced by exercise. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained in 16 patients with COPD (66 ± 10 yr; FEV(1), 54 ± 12% ref) and in 14 control subjects with normal lung function who required surgery because of lung cancer (65 ± 7 yr; FEV(1), 91 ± 14% ref) at rest and after exercise.

Modulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression by ischaemic preconditioning in a lung autotransplant model.

Objectives: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is believed to play a crucial role in lung ischaemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI). Ischaemic preconditioning (IP) has been shown to protect several organs from ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, although less is known about IP's effect on MCP-1 modulation. The objective of this study was to investigate IP's effect on MCP-1 expression in lung tissue and its relationship with oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine production in an experimental LIRI model.

Prognostic influence of loss of blood group A antigen expression in pathologic stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.

Introduction: In the scientific literature, contradictory results has been published on the prognostic value of the loss of expression of blood group antigen A (BAA) in lung cancer. The objective of our study was to analyze this fact in our surgical series.

Patients And Methods: In a multicenter study, 402 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were included.

Multicenter analysis of survival and prognostic factors in pathologic stage I non-small-cell lung cancer according to the new 2009 TNM classification.

Introduction: The new 2009 TNM classification introduced important modifications in lung cancer staging. The aim of this study is to validate our series of patients with pathologic stage I non-small-cell lung cancer according to the 7th edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors and to the factors related with prognosis.

Patients And Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was performed.

Experimental Swine lung autotransplant model to study lung ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Introduction: Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) lung injury has been investigated extensively on clinical and experimental models of cold ischemia. However, relatively few studies examine the detailed biochemical changes occurring during normothermic (warm) IR. The objective of this work was to establish an experimental lung autotransplant model to be carried out on pigs in order to study the early stages of normothermic lung IR.

Surgery of female genital tract tumour lung metastases.

Introduction: Lung metastases originating from tumours of the female genital tract are rare. Due to this rarity and their variable histology, it has been difficult to compare different patient series.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study of patients undergoing resection of lung metastases of female genital tract tumours (uterine and cervical cancer) during the period 01/01/1989 to 12/31/2006.

Early and long-term validation of an algorithm assessing fitness for surgery in patients with postoperative FEV₁ and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide < 40%.

Background: There is evidence in the literature that the incidence of pulmonary complications and mortality is fair enough in patients with lower pulmonary function than conventionally accepted. In this article, we validate in patients with low baseline lung function (ie, FEV(1) or diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide [DLCO] < 80%) an algorithm to evaluate anatomic lung surgery in patients with low predicted postoperative lung function (ie, either FEV(1)-postoperative estimated [ppo] or DLCO-ppo < 40% or both between 30% and 40% predicted) if peak oxygen uptake (VO(2)peak)-ppo > 10 mL/kg/min.

Methods: We prospectively studied 126 consecutive patients evaluated for anatomic resection of lung tumors by thoracotomy.

[Detection of lymph node involvement and surgical treatment of pulmonary neoplastic processes. Current state of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures].

An analysis is made of different publications associated with the surgical staging and treatment of primary and metastasic pulmonary neoplastic processes. A suitable treatment program is essential to determine lymph node involvement in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. The indication and sequence of the procedure to use (CT-PET, transbronchial puncture, videomediastinoscopic ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration) is evaluated in accordance to the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value of the different methods.

[Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma].

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a multifocal tumor that rarely metastasizes. It is difficult to diagnose and is most often an incidental finding in young asymptomatic women. It has a heterogeneous radiologic pattern.

Thoracic paravertebral block after thoracotomy: comparison of three different approaches.

Background: Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) is a regional block technique increasingly used for the early management of post-thoracotomy pain. We compare three different postoperative analgesic approaches based on TPVB: anesthetist, anesthetist plus surgeon, and surgeon.

Materials And Methods: We randomized 54 patients undergoing elective thoracotomy to three different postoperative analgesia groups: paravertebral percutaneous catheter (PVA group), paravertebral percutaneous catheter plus incisional (subcutaneous) catheter (PVA+Inc), and paravertebral catheter under direct vision (PVS group).

Lung cancer surgery in the elderly.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a typical disease of the elderly, and is becoming increasingly more common as a result of the gradual aging of the population. Although patient age is known to be an independent prognostic factor of postoperative survival, lung resection should not be denied on the basis of age alone. In patients of this kind, careful evaluation and selection is very important.

Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this article is to answering different questions related to the treatment and prognosis of neuroendocrine lung tumors.

Recent Findings: In neuroendocrine lung tumors, regardless of the grade of tumoral malignancy, the general growth during the past years of the nodal involvement percentage detected in lung neuroendocrine tumors might be explained by accepting surgical treatment as the norm and a complete mediastinal nodal dissection. Among non-small-cell carcinomas, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is the tumor with the worst prognosis.

[Trends in prognostic factors for neuroendocrine lung tumors].

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze trends in a variety of prognostic factors for neuroendocrine lung carcinomas through analysis of 2 groups of surgically treated patients.

Patients And Methods: Group A contained the first 361 patients, treated between 1980 and 1997. That group was analyzed retrospectively and contained 261 patients with typical carcinoid tumors, 43 with atypical carcinoid tumors, 22 with large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and 35 with small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Prognostic significance of synaptophysin in stage I of squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Background: The prognostic significance of the presence of a neuroendocrine marker (synaptophysin, SY) was analyzed in stage I of squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Methods: A multicentric retrospective study was conducted with immunohistochemical staining in a single center of 318 patients resected for squamous carcinoma or adenocarcinoma in pathologic stage I.

Results: In all, 162 cases of squamous carcinoma and 156 cases of adenocarcinoma were identified, which included 105 patients in stage IA (50 patients with squamous carcinoma and 55 patients with adenocarcinoma) and 213 in stage IB (112 with squamous carcinoma and 101 with adenocarcinoma).

The side of pneumonectomy influences long-term survival in stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The impact of pneumonectomy as an independent factor on long-term survival after lung resection for centrally or locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. The aim of this paper is to study the impact of pneumonectomy, and the influence of side of surgery, on long-term survival in patients with pathologic stage I and II NSCLC.

Methods: A retrospective review of a prospective multi-institutional database of patients operated on for lung cancer was undertaken.

[Immunohistochemistry and surgical approaches in solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura].

Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP) is a rare, benign, slow-growing neoplasm that arises from the submesothelial cells of the pleura. Usually, resection of the tumor and adjacent structures are sufficient for resolution. Nowadays, videothoracoscopy (VTC) allows adequate access for the surgical treatment of these tumors.

[Insular carcinoma of the thyroid. An uncommon but aggressive neoplasm].

Insular carcinoma of the thyroid is an infrequent entity, named in 1984 by Carcangiu when he described its characteristic histology. Clinically and morphologically it is considered to be in an intermediate position between well-differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid (papillary or follicular) and undifferentiated or anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. However, most authors believe it to be an independent entity.