Common Microbial Genital Infections and Their Impact on the Innate Immune Response to HPV in Cervical Cells.

The persistence of high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes is a prerequisite of cervical cancer. It is not clear whether and how bacterial vaginosis (BV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) cause higher rates of persistent HPV infection. This study aimed to characterize mucosal innate immunity to HPV, comparing different conditions.

An outbreak sustained by ST15 Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying 16S rRNA methyltransferases and bla: evaluation of the global dissemination of these resistance determinants.

The spread of extremely-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a major health threat worldwide. This is largely mediated by certain lineages, recognized as high-risk clones dispersed throughout the world. Analysis of an outbreak of nine ST15, NDM-1 metallo-β-lactamase-producing K.

Interplay between Klebsiella pneumoniae producing KPC-31 and KPC-3 under treatment with high dosage meropenem: a case report.

The objective was to study ceftazidime-avibactam resistant and susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a patient admitted to the Policlinico Umberto I of Rome for SARS-CoV2. Data on the evolution of patient's conditions, antimicrobial therapies, and microbiological data were collected. Whole-genome sequencing performed by Illumina and Nanopore sequencing methods were used to type the strains.

Evolutionary Trajectories toward Ceftazidime-Avibactam Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates.

From January 2019 to April 2020, 32 KPC-producing, ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA)-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated in a university hospital in Rome, Italy. These strains belonged to the sequence type 512 (ST512), ST101, and ST307 high-risk clones. Nine different CZA-resistant KPC-3 protein variants were identified, five of them never previously reported (KPC-66 to KPC-70).

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Resistance Trends of and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Strains Isolated from Ocular Infections.

Ocular bacterial infections represent a serious problem that affecting people of all age and genders. These infections can lead to visual impairment and blindness if not properly treated. The current study evaluates the antimicrobial resistance profiles and the resistance trend of both () and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), the main pathogens involved in eye infections.

Molecular epidemiology of NDM-5-producing Escherichia coli high-risk clones identified in two Italian hospitals in 2017-2019.

Between November 2018 and October 2019, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales carrying New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) caused one of the largest and persistent outbreaks occurred in Italy and intensified surveillance measures have been taken in all Italian hospitals. In this study we analyzed NDM-5- producing Escherichia coli identified in 2 hospitals of the Lazio region in Italy. Epidemiological and microbiological data demonstrated that in 2018-2019 the NDM-5-producing high-risk E.

A Multispecies Cluster of VIM-1 Carbapenemase-Producing Linked by a Novel, Highly Conjugative, and Broad-Host-Range IncA Plasmid Forebodes the Reemergence of VIM-1.

In this study, we investigated VIM-1-producing , , , , and strains, isolated in 2019 during a period of active surveillance of carbapenem-resistant in a large university hospital in Italy. VIM-1-producing strains colonized the gut of patients, with up to three different VIM-1-positive bacterial species isolated from a single rectal swab, but also caused bloodstream infection in one colonized patient. In the multispecies cluster, was identified in a 5-gene cassette class 1 integron, associated with several genetic determinants, including the , , and (A) genes, located on a highly conjugative and broad-host-range IncA plasmid.

First Italian outbreak of VIM-producing in an adult polyvalent intensive care unit, August-October 2018: A case report and literature review.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant has become a significant public health concern as hospital outbreaks are now being frequently reported and these organisms are becoming difficult to treat with the available antibiotics.

Case Summary: An outbreak of VIM-producing occurred over a period of 11 wk (August, 1 to October, 18) in patients admitted to the adult polyvalent intensive care unit of the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" located in Naples. Four episodes occurred in three patients (two patients infected, and one patient colonized).

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus DNA Detection in Respiratory Samples: Study of a Cohort of Patients Affected by Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: The role of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) as a respiratory pathogen is controversial, and it is still unclear in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The aim of this study was to define the MCPyV prevalence and epidemiology in CF patients in order to gain new insights into the association between MCPyV infection and respiratory diseases.

Methods: A one-year study was conducted testing oropharyngeal aspirate samples from 249 and 124 CF and non-CF patients, respectively.

Beyond appearance: An unusual manifestation of isolated oral secondary syphilis.

Syphilis is a sexually acquired chronic infection caused by Treponema pallidum and is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations. The secondary stage of the disease results from the hematogenous and lymphatic dissemination of treponemes after a few weeks or months, and it is characterized by recurrent activity of the disease, with muco-cutaneous as well as systemic manifestations. Mucosal lesions range from small, superficial ulcers that resemble painless aphthae to large gray plaques, and they are generally associated with systemic manifestations of the disease.

Kidney graft failure induced by BKPyV replication despite a strong reduction of the immunosuppressive therapy.

BKPyV replication is a risk factor for the development of polyomavirus-associated nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients. Here, the case of a 42 years old Caucasian patient is described who developed a kidney allograft failure because of uncontrolled BKPyV replication 7 months after transplant despite a strong reduction of the immunosuppressive therapy. The genetic analysis of the noncoding control region did not show rearrangement but two point mutations at nucleotide positions 18 and 31 within P block.

Efficiency of gold nanoparticles coated with the antimicrobial peptide indolicidin against biofilm formation and development of spp. clinical isolates.

Background: This article examines the use of a novel nano-system, gold nanoparticles coated with indolicidin (AuNPs-indolicidin), against pathogenic biofilms. species cause frequent infections owing to their ability to form biofilms, primarily on implant devices.

Materials And Methods: We used an integrated approach, evaluating the effect of AuNPs-indolicidin on prevention and eradication of biofilms formed in multi-well polystyrene plates, with relative gene expression assays.