Innovative 3D method predicts surgery outcomes by calculating real contact surface of renal tumor.

Objective: The Contact Surface Area (CSA) is a predictor for peri-operative parameters and represents the contact area between the tumor and the organ. A precise method for calculating CSA is yet to be found. We tested a new CSA calculation method as a predictor of intra-operative parameters in robot assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN).

The natural history of untreated pulmonary tuberculosis in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stages of tuberculosis disease can be delineated by radiology, microbiology, and symptoms, but transitions between these stages remain unclear. In a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of individuals with untreated tuberculosis who underwent follow-up (34 cohorts from 24 studies, with a combined sample of 139 063), we aimed to quantify progression and regression across the tuberculosis disease spectrum by extracting summary estimates to align with disease transitions in a conceptual framework of the natural history of tuberculosis. Progression from microbiologically negative to positive disease (based on smear or culture tests) in participants with baseline radiographic evidence of tuberculosis occurred at an annualised rate of 10% (95% CI 6·2-13·3) in those with chest x-rays suggestive of active tuberculosis, and at a rate of 1% (0·3-1·8) in those with chest x-ray changes suggestive of inactive tuberculosis.

Quantifying progression and regression across the spectrum of pulmonary tuberculosis: a data synthesis study.

Background: Prevalence surveys show a substantial burden of subclinical (asymptomatic but infectious) tuberculosis, from which individuals can progress, regress, or even persist in a chronic disease state. We aimed to quantify these pathways across the spectrum of tuberculosis disease.

Methods: We created a deterministic framework of untreated tuberculosis disease with progression and regression between three states of pulmonary tuberculosis disease: minimal (non-infectious), subclinical (asymptomatic but infectious), and clinical (symptomatic and infectious).

The Lifetime History of the First Italian Public Extra-Corporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) Lithotripter as a Mirror of the Evolution of Endourology over the Last Decade.

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) is the only non-invasive treatment for kidney stones. It does not require an operating room, anesthesia, or hospital stay. Its role evolved over the years and nowadays ESWL is slowly disappearing from many stone centers and urologic departments.

The Challenges of Patient Selection for Prostate Cancer Focal Therapy: A Retrospective Observational Multicentre Study.

Increased diagnoses of silent prostate cancer (PCa) have led to overtreatment and consequent functional side effects. Focal therapy (FT) applies energy to a prostatic index lesion treating only the clinically significant PCa focus. We analysed the potential predictive factors of FT failure.

From women to women-hematuria during therapy for metastatic breast cancer, what to suspect and when to be alarmed; Bladder metastasis from breast cancer-our experience and a systematic literature review.

Breast cancer is one of the most important causes of premature mortality in women worldwide. Around 12% of breast cancer patients will develop metastatic disease, a stage associated with poor prognosis, and only 26% of patients are likely to survive for at least 5 years after being diagnosed. Although the most common sites where breast cancer tends to spread are bones, lungs, brain, and liver, it is important that physicians consider other less frequent organs and viscera, like the bladder, as a target destination.

Extraperitoneal cystectomy with ureterocutaneostomy derivation in fragile patients - should it be performed more often?

Introduction And Objectives: Radical cystectomy (RC) continues to be standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer and recurrent or refractory nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. Unfortunately, it has high rates of perioperative morbidity and mortality. One of the most important predictors of postoperative outcomes is frailty, while the majority of complications are diversion related.

The fight between PCNL, laparoscopic and robotic pyelolithotomy: do we have a winner? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide an updated comparison between the currently available minimally invasive approaches (PCNL, laparoscopic [LP] and robotic pyelolithotomy [RP]) for the management of large renal stones.

Evidence Acquisition: An electronic search of the current literature was conducted through the Medline and NCBI PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Collaboration Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials databases in March 2021. Studies about minimally-invasive treatment for kidney stones were considered.

Wearable Exoskeletons on the Workplaces: Knowledge, Attitudes and Perspectives of Health and Safety Managers on the implementation of exoskeleton technology in Northern Italy.

Background: Exoskeleton technology (ExT) has potential to significantly improve occupational health and safety. However, studies on stakeholders' perspectives are lacking. To facilitate the implementation of ExT on the workplaces, a study was undertaken exploring specific knowledge, attitudes and perspectives (KAP) of Health and Safety Consultants (HSC).

Dengue Fever in Italy: The "Eternal Return" of an Emerging Arboviral Disease.

Enhanced surveillance for dengue virus (DENV) infections in Italy has been implemented since 2012, with annual reports from the National Health Institute. In this study, we summarize available evidence on the epidemiology of officially notified DENV infections from 2010-2021. In total, 1043 DENV infection cases were diagnosed, and most of them occurred in travelers, with only 11 autochthonous cases.

Epidemiological assessment of the first COVID-19 epidemic wave in Lombardy. A systematic review.

Background And Aim: After the first cases of COVID-19 detected in Wuhan (China), the virus rapidly spread in the world, so much so that on February 20 the first autochthonous case was officially identified in Italy. However, this person had no apparent history of travel abroad or contact with people tested positive for the virus. For this reason, the aim of this literature review was to reconstruct the epidemiological dynamics of the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Lombardy Region.

Bladder cancer histological variants: which parameters could predict the concordance between transurethral resection of bladder tumor and radical cystectomy specimens?

Introduction: The concordance rate of bladder cancer (BCa) histological variants (HV) between transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and radical cystectomy (RC) is sub-optimal and is unclear which factors may influence it. The aim of this study was to identify factors that may be correlated to a higher TURBT-RC concordance rate.

Material And Methods: Consecutive patients who had undergone RC between 2000 and 2019 at a single Institution with pathological evidence of HV were included.

Safety and Efficacy of Spray Intranasal Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Although influenza is a major public health concern, little is known about the use of spray live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) among adults. For this reason, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of LAIV, especially in adults with/without clinical conditions and children <2 years, with the final aim of possibly extending the clinical indications. PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus were the two databases consulted through February 2021.

Hantaviruses in Agricultural and Forestry Workers: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in Italian Physicians.

Hantaviruses are viral pathogens usually endemic in rodent populations. Human exposure follows inhalation of dusts contaminated with rodent excreta, and most individuals have been infected in occupational settings heavily contaminated with rodent droppings, such as agricultural and forestry. To date, knowledge, attitudes and practices of medical professionals, especially occupational physicians (OP), regarding hantavirus disease in at-risk workers have been scarcely investigated.

Mandate or Not Mandate: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Italian Occupational Physicians towards SARS-CoV-2 Immunization at the Beginning of Vaccination Campaign.

Vaccinations used to prevent coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-are critical in order to contain the ongoing pandemic. However, SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 vaccination rates have only slowly increased since the beginning of the vaccination campaign, even with at-risk workers (e.g.

Public Perceptions on Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions for West Nile Virus Infections: A Survey from an Endemic Area in Northern Italy.

During the last decade, cases of West Nile Virus (WNV) have occurred in the Emilia Romagna Region (ERR). Even though the notification rates remain relatively low, ranging from 0.06 to 1.

Epidemiology of West Nile Virus Infections in Humans, Italy, 2012-2020: A Summary of Available Evidences.

In Italy, human cases of West Nile virus (WNV) infection have been recorded since 2008, and seasonal outbreaks have occurred almost annually. In this study, we summarize available evidences on the epidemiology of WNV and West Nile neuro-invasive disease (WNND) in humans reported between 2012 and 2020. In total, 1145 WNV infection cases were diagnosed; of them 487 (42.

Understanding leprosy in a nonendemic area: a pilot study on knowledge, attitudes, beliefs of medical professionals from North-Western Italy.

Background: Describing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about leprosy amongst Medical Professionals in a nonendemic area (Parma Province, North-Western Italy).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried among a sample of Medical Professionals (MP; No. 242) during June and July 2019 as an on-line self-administered questionnaire including 21 true/false items about epidemiology, diagnosis, and clinical characteristics of leprosy.

Flexible cystoscopy for ureteral stent removal without antimicrobial prophylaxis. A prospective observational study.

Objective: Flexible cystoscopy for ureteral stent removal after ureteroscopy is widely performed. In this scenario, the real need for antimicrobial prophylaxis is still uncertain. Aim of this study is to determine the urinary tract infections rate after 4 weeks from outpatient flexible cystoscopies for ureteral stent removal without antimicrobial prophylaxis.