Selected chronic diseases in children and adolescents conceived with intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Purpose: Today about 12.5% of all children are conceived using assisted reproductive technology. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was introduced without knowledge of the possible long-term adverse consequences on the offspring health.

The association between paternal diabetes mellitus and successful pregnancy-Examined in a nationwide population undergoing reproductive treatment.

Background: About 15% of all pregnancies end in pregnancy loss. As most studies have focused on maternal factors little is known regarding the influence of paternal factors on the chance of successful pregnancy.

Objectives: This cohort study aims to assess the chance of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live-born children in couples where the male partner has diabetes mellitus (DM).

Testis tissue cryopreservation may be considered in boys with cryptorchidism.

This study assessed the feasibility of testis tissue cryopreservation (TTC) for fertility preservation in prepubescent boys with cryptorchidism. From January 2014 to December 2022, the University Hospital of Copenhagen (Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark) implemented TTC for 56 boys with cryptorchidism to preserve their reproductive potential. Testis tissue samples were collected during orchiopexy (32 cases) or at subsequent follow-up procedures (24 cases), necessitated by an increased risk of infertility as indicated by hormonal assessments and/or findings from initial surgical biopsies.

Effects of Chemotherapy on Aneuploidy Rates in Sperm from Male Patients with Testicular Cancer or Hodgkin's Lymphoma-A Systematic Review.

Background: Testicular cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma are prevalent malignancies among young males aged 20 to 39. The incidence of testicular cancer and lymphoma has risen in recent years, with orchiectomy often followed by adjuvant chemotherapy as the primary treatment for testicular cancer and chemotherapy for lymphoma. Chemotherapy has been associated with an increased risk of aneuploidy and reduced fertility.

Male fertility restoration: in vivo and in vitro stem cell-based strategies using cryopreserved testis tissue: a scoping review.

Importance: Advances in the treatment of childhood cancer have significantly improved survival rates, with more than 80% of survivors reaching adulthood. However, gonadotoxic cancer treatments endanger future fertility, and prepubertal males have no option to preserve fertility by sperm cryopreservation. In addition, boys with cryptorchidism are at risk of compromised fertility in adulthood.

Paternal Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Risk of Pregnancy Loss.

Background: Only about 30% of conceptions end in live births, yet there are little data on paternal causes of pregnancy loss. Men with inflammatory bowel disease may have multiple disease-related issues that may affect fertility. We aimed to examine pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing assisted reproduction whose male partners had Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.

Mild liver dysfunction in Klinefelter syndrome is associated with abdominal obesity and elevated lipids but not testosterone treatment.

Context: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is associated with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, which contributes to characteristic phenotypical manifestations including metabolic alterations. Extensive research has demonstrated important associations between androgens and liver function.

Objectives: Investigation of the association between metabolic parameters, sex hormones and liver function in males with KS, both treated (T-KS) and untreated (U-KS) and healthy control males.

In vivo effect of vaginal seminal plasma application on the human endometrial transcriptome: a randomized controlled trial.

Studies in humans and animals suggest that seminal plasma, the acellular seminal fluid component, stimulates the endometrium to promote immune tolerance and facilitate implantation. We designed a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to investigate changes in the endometrial transcriptomic profile after vaginal application of seminal plasma. The study participants were randomized into two groups.

Results from the first autologous grafting of adult human testis tissue: a case report.

Fertility restoration using autologous testicular tissue transplantation is relevant for infertile men surviving from childhood cancer and, possibly, in men with absent or incomplete spermatogenesis resulting in the lack of spermatozoa in the ejaculate (non-obstructive azoospermia, NOA). Currently, testicular tissue from pre-pubertal boys extracted before treatment with gonadotoxic cancer therapy can be cryopreserved with good survival of spermatogonial stem cells. However, strategies for fertility restoration, after successful cancer treatment, are still experimental and no clinical methods have yet been developed.

Complete or partial loss of the Y chromosome in an unselected cohort of 865 non-vasectomized, azoospermic men.

Background: Structural abnormalities as well as minor variations of the Y chromosome may cause disorders of sex differentiation or, more frequently, azoospermia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of loss of Y chromosome material within the spectrum ranging from small microdeletions in the azoospermia factor region (AZF) to complete loss of the Y chromosome in azoospermic men.

Results: Eleven of 865 azoospermic men (1.

Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Klinefelter Syndrome-Follow-up Study Associating Hemostasis and RNA Expression.

Background: Men with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) develop hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, are in need of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), and present with a more than 4-fold increased risk of thrombosis. TRT in KS has the potential to modify thrombotic risk, but data are scarce.

Aim: To assess effects of 18 months of TRT on hemostasis in KS and identify genes associated with the prothrombotic phenotype.

The testicular microvasculature in Klinefelter syndrome is immature with compromised integrity and characterized by excessive inflammatory cross-talk.

Study Question: Does Klinefelter syndrome (KS) lead to a distinct gene expression pattern at single-cell level in the testes that could provide insight into the reported microvascular dysfunction in the testes?

Summary Answer: A distinct gene expression pattern within microvascular-associated cells of males with KS suggests excessive endothelial cell (EC) activation, disorganized vessel formation, and the presence of immature vessels with compromised integrity.

What Is Known Already: Recent studies show that males with KS exhibit microvascular dysfunction in their testes, which affects blood flow and is associated with lower circulating levels of testosterone.

Study Design, Size, Duration: A comparative cross-sectional study of males with KS (n = 6), non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) (n = 5), cryptozoospermia (n = 3), and controls (n = 15) was carried out.

Pre-Vitrification and Post-Warming Variables of Vitrified-Warmed Blastocysts That Are Predictable for Implantation.

Human IVF embryos that are not used for fresh transfer are cryopreserved by vitrification for later embryo transfers. This study evaluates pre-vitrification and post-warming embryo characteristics that are suitable to predict the chance of clinical pregnancy in single vitrified blastocyst transfer (SVBT) cycles. In a multicenter observational trial (IMBOS trial), embryos were cultured in a time-lapse system before and after vitrification.

Midkine characterization in human ovaries: potential new variants in follicles.

Objective: To characterize the growth factor midkine (MDK) in the human ovary to determine whether MDK is produced locally within the ovary, examine whether different ovarian cell types are more likely to produce MDK, and determine whether there are any stage-specific variations during follicle growth. Previous studies have revealed that MDK potentially affects human follicle growth and oocyte maturation. Proteomic analyses in follicular fluid (FF) have identified MDK to functionally cluster together and follow a similar expression profile to that of well-known proteins involved in ovarian follicle development.

Assisted Reproductive Technology Results Using Donor or Partner Sperm: A Danish Nationwide Register-Based Cohort Study.

This was a nationwide cohort study based on Danish health registers focusing on assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments in women using donor or partner sperm from 2007 to 2017. Women using donor sperm were subdivided into groups based on relationship status: women with male partners, single women, or women with female partners. The live birth adjusted odds ratios (aORs) after the IUI treatments in women using donor sperm compared with women using partner sperm were 1.

The Influence of Male Ejaculatory Abstinence Time on Pregnancy Rate, Live Birth Rate and DNA Fragmentation: A Systematic Review.

Variation in ejaculatory abstinence time and its influence on semen quality and clinical reproductive outcomes is a growing concern among clinicians and researchers. The WHO (World Health Organization) recommends 2-7 days of abstinence time prior to semen collection for diagnostic purposes; however, the evidence that such an abstinence period leads to better pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate short and long ejaculatory abstinence time in association with pregnancy rate, live birth rate and DNA fragmentation, in order to make a recommendation on an ideal timeframe for ejaculatory abstinence.

Adverse Birth and Child Outcomes in Children Fathered by Men Treated with Antidiabetics Prior to Conception: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: The safety of fathers' use of antidiabetic drugs in terms of child outcomes is an important clinical question. We aimed to assess the risk of adverse birth and early childhood outcomes after fathers' use of antidiabetics prior to conception.

Methods: A nationwide cohort study based on Danish health registries.

Semen parameters after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A literature review.

Background And Aims: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is known to affect multiple organs by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors and might therefore affect male fertility. This review aims to collect all original articles on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility, including the duration of time after infection required for these effects to begin to manifest and recommend how clinicians should approach cases with a recent illness.

Methods: This review was developed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines.

Sex chromosome aneuploidies give rise to changes in the circular RNA profile: A circular transcriptome-wide study of Turner and Klinefelter syndrome across different tissues.

The landscape of circular RNAs (circRNAs), an important class of non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, has never been described in human disorders of sex chromosome aneuploidies. We profiled circRNAs in Turner syndrome females (45,X; TS) and Klinefelter syndrome males (47,XXY; KS) to investigate how circRNAs respond to a missing or an extra X chromosome. Samples of blood, muscle and fat were collected from individuals with TS ( = 33) and KS ( = 22) and from male ( = 16) and female ( = 44) controls.