Electrolytes Play a Role in Detecting Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Complications and May Even Prevent Them-Retrospective Analysis.

: Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug used to treat several types of malignancies. It is a platinum-based compound that interferes with cell division and DNA replication. Cisplatin has been associated with renal damage.

A unique investigation of thallium, tellurium, osmium, and other heavy metals in recurrent pregnancy loss: A novel approach.

Objective: To study the impact of heavy metals especially tellurium, thallium, and osmium, in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and to study their association with antioxidant status and DNA damage.

Methods: This case-control study included women with RPL (n = 30) and healthy pregnant women as control (n = 30). Following blood collection, serum levels of thallium, tellurium, osmium, lead, mercury, and cadmium were estimated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometer.

Association of Vitamin D deficiency with primary glaucoma among Saudi population - A pilot study.

Purpose: Glaucoma is a complex multifactorial disorder that is influenced by various systemic conditions. Several studies investigated the association between systemic factors such as Vitamin D deficiency for glaucoma development and reported contradicted findings. The aim of this study was to assess Vitamin D levels in glaucomatous Saudi subjects and its association with cup/disc ratio in primary open- and closed-angle glaucoma.

Comprehensive investigations of key mitochondrial metabolic changes in senescent human fibroblasts.

There is a paucity of detailed data related to the effect of senescence on the mitochondrial antioxidant capacity and redox state of senescent human cells. Activities of TCA cycle enzymes, respiratory chain complexes, hydrogen peroxide (HO), superoxide anions (SA), lipid peroxides (LPO), protein carbonyl content (PCC), thioredoxin reductase 2 (TrxR2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), glutathione reductase (GR), reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), along with levels of nicotinamide cofactors and ATP content were measured in young and senescent human foreskin fibroblasts. Primary and senescent cultures were biochemically identified by monitoring the augmented cellular activities of key glycolytic enzymes including phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glycogen phosphorylase, and accumulation of HO, SA, LPO, PCC, and GSSG.

Bioymifi, a novel mimetic of TNF-related apoptosis-induced ligand (TRAIL), stimulates eryptosis.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand (TRAIL) is a cytokine that initiates apoptosis upon binding to death receptor 5 (DR5) on cancer cells. Small molecule TRAIL mimetics have therefore been investigated as promising chemotherapeutic agents. Since anemia of chemotherapy is common, our goal is to investigate the hemolytic and eryptotic properties of novel DR5 agonist bioymifi (BMF) and identify the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Identification of Novel Mutations in Colorectal Cancer Patients Using AmpliSeq Comprehensive Cancer Panel.

Biomarker discovery would be an important tool in advancing and utilizing the concept of precision and personalized medicine in the clinic. Discovery of novel variants in local population provides confident targets for developing biomarkers for personalized medicine. We identified the need to generate high-quality sequencing data from local colorectal cancer patients and understand the pattern of occurrence of variants.

Glutathione and oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) redox status in plasma and placental tissue of Saudi patients with intrauterine growth restriction.

Objectives: To assess the oxidation state and gene expression profiles of relevant enzymes in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) patients in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Current case-control study involved plasma and placental tissue samples from 25 IUGR patients and 25 healthy pregnant (HP) women attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between April and November 2017. We compared hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions, malondialdehyde, and oxidative stress markers levels and the activities of glutathione-related enzymes (glutathione peroxidase [GPx], glutathione reductase [GR], glutathione S-transferase [GST], glutamate cysteine ligase [GCL], glutathione synthetase [GS], reduced glutathione [GSH], oxidized glutathione [GSSG], and oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide [NAD], and reduced NAD [NADH]) between the 2 groups.

Epigallocatechin gallate and coenzyme Q10 attenuate cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats via targeting mitochondrial stress and apoptosis.

Despite the extensive use of cisplatin (CP) as a chemotherapeutic agent, its clinical use is often restricted by undesirable side effects, such as toxicity to normal tissues. The aim of this study was to probe the effect of a combinatorial treatment of low multiple doses of antioxidants on CP-induced toxicity and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in hepatocytes. Animals received a single toxic dose of CP (7.

Possible Prophylactic Approach for SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Combination of Melatonin, Vitamin C and Zinc in Animals.

SARS-CoV-2, an epidemic, causes severe stress in both human and animals and may induce oxidative stress (OS) and increases susceptibility to infection. Domestic animals are found infected by their COVID-2 suffering owners. Chronic immobilization stress (CIS), a model of psychological and physical stress of confinement, can trigger depression and anxiety in animals.

Effect of seminal redox status on lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa of infertile Saudi males.

Objectives: To assess the effect of seminal redox status on lipid peroxidation (LPO), apoptosis and integrity of sperm DNA in infertile males. Methods: In this case-control study, the total antioxidant status (TAS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed within the seminal plasma of fertile normozoospermic, n=40 and infertile (asthenozoospermic, n=30; oligoasthenoteratozoospermic, n=30) males. Additionally, the level of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), DNA fragmentation, and caspase-3 activity were estimated in the spermatozoa.

Molecular and biochemical investigations of key antioxidant/oxidant molecules in Saudi patients with recurrent miscarriage.

The present study was undertaken to: i) Determine the levels of oxidative stress (OS) markers, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anions (SOA) and hydrogen peroxide (HO), in both plasma and placental tissues of recurrent miscarriage (RM) patients in comparison with those of healthy pregnant (HP) and non-pregnant (NP) women; ii) determine the levels of enzymatic antioxidants [glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GSR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)], and non-enzymatic antioxidant micronutrients [selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn)] in both plasma and placental tissues of RM patients, in comparison with those of HP and NP women; iii) profile differential expression levels of selected antioxidant and apoptosis-related genes in the placental tissues of RM cases, in relation to those of HP women of matched gestational age, using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results revealed highly significant increases of all investigated OS markers in plasma and placental tissues of RM patients compared with those of HP women. Moderate, but significant, increases of OS markers were observed in the plasma of HP patients in relation to those of NP women.

Correlation between glycemic control and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in Saudi type II diabetics.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic retinopathy, and degree of glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c]) on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) using optical coherence tomography.

Methods: The study included 126 eyes of healthy controls (n=32) and diabetics patients (n=31), whose ages ranged from 40 to 70 years. The diabetic group was divided into: Subgroup 1: with HbA1c <7% and Subgroup 2: with HbA1c ≥7%.

Ascorbate ameliorates venom-induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts.

Reports related to the effects of venom (EcV) on the antioxidant capacity of human tissues is very scarce. The present study was undertaken to investigate the activities and gene expression levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and the generation rates of superoxide anions (SOA), hydrogen peroxide (HO) and lipid peroxides (LPO) in cultured human fibroblasts incubated with EcV, ascorbate (Asc) and EcV plus Asc at concentrations and incubation periods that maintained cell viability. Results indicated that the activities of all antioxidant enzymes and their corresponding transcripts underwent highly significant decreases and downregulation in EcV-treated cultures (0.