Self-diagnosis and self-medication based on internet search among Non-Medical University students of Karachi.

Background: For a decade, the topic of self-diagnosis and self-medication has gained significant attention due to the widespread availability of information on the internet and over-the-counter medication. This research explores the rational considerations behind individuals' self-diagnosis and self-medication practices. Our main objective is to find out the frequency of self-diagnosis and self-medication in the general population and its associated risks and benefits.

Genetic mapping of QTLs for resistance to bacterial leaf streak in hexaploid wheat.

Robust QTLs conferring resistance to bacterial leaf streak in wheat were mapped on chromosomes 3B and 5A from the variety Boost and on chromosome 7D from the synthetic wheat line W-7984. Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa poses a significant threat to global wheat production.

Prevalence and Importance of the Necrotrophic Effector Gene in Populations Collected from Spring Wheat and Barley.

is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that causes foliar and root diseases on wheat and barley. These diseases are common in all wheat- and barley-growing regions, with more severe outbreaks occurring under warm and humid conditions. can also infect a wide range of grass species in the family Poaceae and secrete , an important necrotrophic effector also identified other wheat leaf spotting pathogens.

Living Donor Liver Transplantation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: an Evolving Challenge.

Background: Maintaining standards of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) can be a challenge during the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Center-specific protocols have been developed and transplant societies propose limiting elective LDLT. We have looked at outcomes of LDLT during the pandemic in an exclusively LDLT center.

Genetic architecture of agronomic and quality traits in a nested association mapping population of spring wheat.

Germplasm collections are rich sources of genetic variation to improve crops for many valuable traits. Nested association mapping (NAM) populations can overcome the limitations of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in germplasm collections by reducing the effect of population structure. We exploited the genetic diversity of the USDA-ARS wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Outcome of VVF repair without omental interposition.

Objective: To find out the outcome in cases of vesicovaginal fistula repair.

Methods: The descriptive study was conducted at the District Headquarter Hospital, Timergara, Lower Dir, Pakistan, from November 1, 2011 to November 2013, and comprised all patients admitted in Urology unit with vesicovaginal fistula. Repair was done with either transabdominal or transvaginal approach.

Complicated jejunal diverticula as surgical emergency: experience at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan.

Background: Diverticula of small intestine are rare. Jejunal diverticula can be single or multiple. Diverticula in the jejunum tend to be large and multiple.