Impact of Structured Patient-Centered Preoperative Pain Consult and Interventions From a Dedicated Perioperative Pain Service: A Case Series of 4 Patients.

Opioid-tolerant individuals have greater risk of perioperative complications and worse clinical outcomes. A preoperative screening process and structured approach to opioid-tolerant patients was developed to identify and optimize these patients before elective surgery.

A review of methylnaltrexone, a peripheral opioid receptor antagonist, and its role in opioid-induced constipation.

Objectives: Opioid medications are frequently used in pain and palliative care patients with malignancy to manage symptoms such as pain and dyspnea. However, opiates are associated with various side effects. Constipation is a particularly problematic and common side effect of opioid pharmacology.