Assessing Leaching of Potentially Hazardous Elements from Cookware during Cooking: A Serious Public Health Concern.

The intake of toxic metals from cooking utensils through food is of growing concern to the medical community. This intake poses serious risk to human health. In many developing countries, different types of contaminated metals scraps are used to make cooking utensils.

Snodgrass Hypospadias Repair At Ayub Teaching Hospital: An Audit Of Complications And Outcomes.

Background: There are many reported techniques for the repair of hypospadias, and new ones are being reported, which suggests that none is perfect. This study reports the anatomical success rate when using Snodgrass Technique.

Methods: In this descriptive case series, 296 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, by being treated by Snodgrass urethroplasty, were enrolled.

Essential oils of four wild plants inhibit the blood seeking behaviour of female Aedes aegytpi.

Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquito is an important vector of many disease-causing pathogens. An effective way to escape from these mosquito-borne diseases is to prevent mosquito bites. In the current study, essential oils of Lepidium pinnatifidum, Mentha longifolia, Origanum vulgare, and Agrimonia eupatoria were evaluated for their repellent potential against Ae.

Headache and Methemoglobinemia.

Aim: This basic review is intended to summarize the current knowledge of methemoglobinemia as an important cause of secondary headache with the hope of generating a growing interest in studying this phenomenon.

Background: We describe the pathological underpinnings of headaches generated by hypoxia. Possible mechanisms include cerebral vasodilation-associated stretching of the vessel nociceptors, sensitization of perivascular nociceptors mediated by nitric oxide, cerebral calcitonin gene-related peptide, activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway, cortical spreading depression, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and neurogenic inflammation.