() is the causative agent of diphtheria. The main virulence factor of is diphtheria toxin, which is encoded by the gene and regulated by the gene. The and genes are used as genetic markers to identify bacteria causing diphtheria by PCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPertussis cases have been reported most frequently in developed countries, but they are predicted to be the most prevalent in developing countries. Indonesia, a developing country, routinely conducts case-based surveillance for pertussis. We reviewed the data on pertussis cases and close contacts based on clinical sample documents examined in the National Reference Laboratory for pertussis, Indonesia (2016-2020).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe World Health Organization (WHO) has been implementing antimicrobial surveillance with a "One Health" approach, known as the Global Surveillance ESBL Tricycle Project. We describe the implementation of the Tricycle Project (pilot) in Indonesia, focusing on its results, challenges and recommendations. The samples were 116 patients with bloodstream infections caused by ESBL , 100 rectal swabs collected from pregnant women, 240 cecums of broiler, and 119 environmental samples, using the standardized method according to the guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn diphtheria laboratory examinations, the PCR test can be applied to isolates and clinical specimens. This study aimed to develop a PCR assay to identify the species and toxigenicity of diphtheria-causing bacteria, including the prediction of some NTTB types. Seven reference isolates, four synthetic DNA samples, 36 stored isolates, and 487 clinical samples used for PCR optimization.
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