Comparative meiosis and cytogenomic analysis in euploid and aneuploid hybrids of Urochloa P. Beauv.

The genus Urochloa includes most of the important grasses and hybrids currently used as pastures in the tropical regions. Cytogenetic analyzes have identified some aneuploid hybrids that provide new perspectives for genetic breeding. The objective was to analyze the meiotic behavior in euploid (2n = 4x = 36) and aneuploid (2n = 4x = 36 + 2) hybrids of U.

Characterization of aneuploidy in interspecific hybrid between Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. & Evrard) Crins and Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. D. Webster.

The aim of the study was to characterize the type of aneuploidy present in the hybrid Urochloa ruziziensis × Urochloa decumbens and to confirm the origin of the additional chromosomes through comparative analysis of the hybrid and parental karyotypes. C and CMA banding techniques were used for chromosome differentiation. The parental genotypes showed 36 chromosomes.

Location of low copy genes in chromosomes of Brachiaria spp.

Repetitive DNA sequences have been widely used in cytogenetic analyses. The use of gene sequences with a low-copy-number, however, is little explored especially in plants. To date, the karyotype details in Brachiaria spp.

Chromosomal distribution of H3K4me2, H3K9me2 and 5-methylcytosine: variations associated with polyploidy and hybridization in Brachiaria (Poaceae).

Assessment of chromosomal distribution of modified histones and 5-methylcytosine shown that there are diversification of chromosomal types among species of Brachiaria and its interspecific hybrids. Histone post-translational modifications and DNA methylation are epigenetic processes that are involved in structural and functional organization of the genome. This study compared the chromosomal distribution of modified histones and 5-methylcytosine (5-mCyt) in species and interspecific hybrids of Brachiaria with different ploidy levels and reproduction modes.

A Rapid Method for Determination of the Main Conjugated Linoleic Acid Precursors (C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3) in Forage by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis with Ultraviolet Detection Using Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection as a Comparative Method.

A rapid method has been proposed for determination of the main conjugated linoleic acid precursors such as linoleic (C18:2 n-6) and linolenic (C18:3 n-3) acids in forages by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with direct UV detection at 200 nm. Among the fatty acids found in forages, C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3 have received particular attention due to their roles as precursors for the synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid, a class of health-enhancing compounds that is predominantly found in dairy products. The electrolyte background consisted of 12.

The damage capacity of Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) adults on Brachiaria ruziziensis pasture.

The aim of this study was to determine the damage caused by adult Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) on Brachiaria ruziziensis (Germain & Evard) under field conditions. A total of 0, 4, 8, 12, or 16 M. spectabilis adults per plot were maintained for 6 days.

Inheritance of resistance to Meloidogyne incognita race 2 in the hot pepper cultivar Carolina Cayenne (Capsicum annuum L.).

Root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne are important pathogens affecting vegetable crop production in Brazil and worldwide. The pepper species Capsicum annuum includes both hot and sweet peppers; very little emphasis has been placed on breeding sweet peppers for nematode resistance. We report on the inheritance of resistance to Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood race 2 in the hot pepper cultivar Carolina Cayenne.