Development and validation of a multidimensional gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry-based test method for analyzing urinary steroids in doping controls.

The misuse of the steroid hormone testosterone for performance enhancement has been frequently reported in the past, and its administration is prohibited in sports according to the regulations of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Testosterone is produced endogenously in human. Endogenous and exogenous testosterone together with their metabolites can be unambiguously distinguished by means of their carbon isotope ratios if compared to endogenous reference compounds.