Method validation and determination of pesticides in Mikania glomerta Spreng tincture by direct injection and UPLC-MS/MS analysis.

Over the past two decades, concerns have arisen about the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants, highlighting good agricultural practices and quality control. This study aimed to validate a multi-residue analysis method for detecting 268 pesticides in Mikania glomerata tincture, using direct injection and UPLC-MS/MS, per SANTE guidelines. The validation of the method involved evaluating the linearity of analytical curves in terms of the determination coefficient r2 and residuals (%), as well as the limits of quantification (LOQ), matrix effects, precision (expressed as the coefficient of variation, CV), and accuracy (determined as the recovery percentage).

A novel insight on SARS-CoV-2 S-derived fragments in the control of the host immunity.

Despite all efforts to combat the pandemic of COVID-19, we are still living with high numbers of infected persons, an overburdened health care system, and the lack of an effective and definitive treatment. Understanding the pathophysiology of the disease is crucial for the development of new technologies and therapies for the best clinical management of patients. Since the manipulation of the whole virus requires a structure with an adequate level of biosafety, the development of alternative technologies, such as the synthesis of peptides from viral proteins, is a possible solution to circumvent this problem.

Photobiomodulation Reduces the Cytokine Storm Syndrome Associated with COVID-19 in the Zebrafish Model.

Although the exact mechanism of the pathogenesis of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is not fully understood, oxidative stress and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been highlighted as playing a vital role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In this sense, alternative treatments are needed to reduce the level of inflammation caused by COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential effect of red photobiomodulation (PBM) as an attractive therapy to downregulate the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19 in a zebrafish model.

Plasma proteome responses in zebrafish following λ-carrageenan-Induced inflammation are mediated by PMN leukocytes and correlate highly with their human counterparts.

Regulation of inflammation is a critical process for maintaining physiological homeostasis. The λ-carrageenan (λ-CGN) is a mucopolysaccharide extracted from the cell wall of red algae () capable of inducing acute intestinal inflammation, which is translated into the production of acute phase reactants secreted into the blood circulation. However, the associated mechanisms in vertebrates are not well understood.

Protective effect of methyl gallate on murine antigen-induced arthritis by inhibiting inflammatory process and bone erosion.

Methyl gallate (MG) is a plant-derived phenolic compound known to present remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in different experimental models, such as paw oedema, pleurisy, zymosan-induced arthritis and colitis. Herein we investigated the effect of MG in the mice model of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA), a model with complex inflammatory response, driven primally by immune process and that cause bone and cartilage erosion similarly found in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis was induced by intra-articular injection of albumin methylated from bovine serum (mBSA) in C57BL/6 male mice previously immunized.

Toxicity of spike fragments SARS-CoV-2 S protein for zebrafish: A tool to study its hazardous for human health?

Despite the significant increase in the generation of SARS-CoV-2 contaminated domestic and hospital wastewater, little is known about the ecotoxicological effects of the virus or its structural components in freshwater vertebrates. In this context, this study evaluated the deleterious effects caused by SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein on the health of Danio rerio, zebrafish. We demonstrated, for the first time, that zebrafish injected with fragment 16 to 165 (rSpike), which corresponds to the N-terminal portion of the protein, presented mortalities and adverse effects on liver, kidney, ovary and brain tissues.

VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Cryptococcosis is a systemic fungal disease acquired from contaminated environments with propagules of the basidiomycetous yeasts of the and species complexes. The species complex classically comprises four major molecular types (VNI, VNII, VNIII, and VNIV), and the species complex comprises another four (VGI, VGII, VGIII, and VGIV) and the newly identified molecular type VGV. These major molecular types differ in their epidemiological and ecological features, clinical presentations, and therapeutic outcomes.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Chemical Analysis of Different Fractions from Inflorescence.

Meyen (Compositae) is a species native to South America (Brazil) popularly known as arnica. In Brazilian popular medicine, inflorescences and rhizomes of this plant have been used since the end of the 19th century to replace the exogenous and hepatotoxic L. in the treatment of edema and inflammatory pathologies.

Gasoline-station workers in Brazil: Benzene exposure; Genotoxic and immunotoxic effects.

Chronic exposure to benzene is a risk factor for hematological malignancies. Gasoline-station workers are exposed to benzene in gasoline, via both inhalation and dermal contact (attendants and managers) or inhalation (workers in the on-site convenience stores and offices). We have studied the exposure of these workers to benzene and the resulting genotoxic and immunotoxic effects.

Exposure to the UV Filter Octyl Methoxy Cinnamate in the Postnatal Period Induces Thyroid Dysregulation and Perturbs the Immune System of Mice.

Evidence demonstrates the bidirectional communication and regulation between the neuroendocrine and immune systems. Thyroid hormones play key roles in nervous system development and can exert influence on various immune cells contributing to pathophysiological conditions. Octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) is one of the most commonly used UV filters, and and studies have found thyroid disrupting effects.

Traditional detoxification of Jatropha curcas L. seeds.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Jatropha curcas L. is a plant with high cultural significance for quilombola communities of Oriximiná (Pará State, Brazil). Although the plant is highly toxic, its seeds are used in these communities to treat tuberculosis and related diseases and symptoms.

Protective effect of Myrsine parvifolia plant extract against the inflammatory process induced by Bothrops jararaca snake venom.

Accidents involving snakes from the genus Bothrops sp. constitute the most important cause of snake envenomation in Brazil. The Myrsine genus has been reported to be used in folk medicine against snakebites.

Post-marketing surveillance of generic amoxicillin using a microbiological assay and pharmacokinetic approach in rats.

Generic medicines were developed to increase population access to health treatment, to reduce costs and to allow drugs with the same outcomes to be purchased at lower prices. They are therapeutically equivalent to their brand-name counterparts and are interchangeable with them. However, the acceptance of generic medicines by physicians and general consumers is often affected by distrust related to quality and efficacy.

Effect of gedunin on acute articular inflammation and hypernociception in mice.

Gedunin, a natural limonoid from Meliaceae species, has been previously described as an antiinflammatory compound in experimental models of allergic inflammation. Here, we report the antiinflammatory and antinociceptive effects of gedunin in an acute model of articular inflammation induced by zymosan (500 μg/cavity; intra-articular) in C57BL/6 mice. Intraperitoneal (i.

Artesunate Exerts a Direct Effect on Endothelial Cell Activation and NF-κB Translocation in a Mechanism Independent of Plasmodium Killing.

Artemisinin and its derivates are an important class of antimalarial drug and are described to possess immunomodulatory activities. Few studies have addressed the effect of artesunate in the murine malaria model or its effect on host immune response during malaria infection. Herein, we study the effect of artesunate treatment and describe an auxiliary mechanism of artesunate in modulating the inflammatory response during experimental malaria infection in mice.

Gedunin, a natural tetranortriterpenoid, modulates T lymphocyte responses and ameliorates allergic inflammation.

T lymphocytes are critical cells involved in allergy. Here, we report that the natural tetranortriterpenoid gedunin impaired allergic responses primarily by modulating T lymphocyte functions. The intraperitoneal (i.

Modulation of inflammatory processes by leaves extract from Clusia nemorosa both in vitro and in vivo animal models.

The present study was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the hexane extract of the leaves from Clusia nemorosa G. Mey, called HECn, using carrageenan-induced mice pleurisy and cotton pellet-induced mice granuloma. Additionally, the ability of HECn to affect both neutrophil migration as viability was investigated by use of the Boyden chamber assay and flow cytometry, respectively.

Modulation of T lymphocyte and eosinophil functions in vitro by natural tetranortriterpenoids isolated from Carapa guianensis Aublet.

We have previously described the anti-allergic activities of a pooled fraction of tetranortriterpenoids (TNTPs) containing 6α-acetoxygedunin, 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin, andirobin and methyl angolensate isolated from the seeds of Carapa guianensis. In the present study, we performed in vitro studies in order to elucidate the mechanisms by which TNTPs present their anti-allergic effects and to identify the bioactive compound(s) present in such fraction. Here, we show that in vitro incubation of eosinophils with the pooled TNTP fraction, as well as with each one of the five isolated tetranortriterpenoids, impaired the adhesion of eosinophils to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-primed tEND.

Cysteinyl-leukotriene type 1 receptors transduce a critical signal for the up-regulation of eosinophilopoiesis by interleukin-13 and eotaxin in murine bone marrow.

IL-13 and eotaxin play important, inter-related roles in asthma models. In the lungs, CysLT, produced by the 5-LO-LTC4S pathway, mediate some local responses to IL-13 and eotaxin; in bone marrow, CysLT enhance IL-5-dependent eosinophil differentiation. We examined the effects of IL-13 and eotaxin on eosinophil differentiation.