Atopic dermatitis and tobacco smoke exposure during childhood and adolescence.

Background: Tobacco smoke may affect atopic dermatitis (AD) because of its known effects on humoral and cellular immunity, but prior studies lack data on disease severity and biomarkers over time.

Objective: We investigated the association between passive and active tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) during childhood and adolescence and the activity and severity of AD.

Methods: A birth cohort of 10,521 individuals was followed through adolescence as part of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.

Primary Care Sports Medicine fellowship opportunities for Pediatrics-trained physicians in the United States.

Objectives: To characterize Primary Care Sports Medicine (PCSM) fellowship opportunities for Pediatrics-trained physicians across all programs in the United States.

Methods: Cross-sectional study using data from publicly-available online sources. Data were collected from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) and American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) online listings of PCSM programs and cross-referenced with individual program websites.

Association of Atopic Dermatitis and Mental Health Outcomes Across Childhood: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Importance: Research has highlighted associations between atopic dermatitis (AD) and mental health conditions in adults. However, literature on the development of mental health comorbidities in children is limited despite the large burden of pediatric AD worldwide.

Objective: To examine the association between AD and internalizing behaviors and symptoms of depression at multiple points across childhood and adolescence and to explore potential mediating factors, including asthma/rhinitis, sleep, and inflammation.

Depression Predicts Non-Home Discharge After Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair.

Background: Mental health's impact on vascular surgical patients has long been overlooked. While outside the expertise of most surgeons, understanding the role that depression plays in the postoperative course could provide additional insight into opportunities to improve surgical outcomes and healthcare value. Additionally, non-home discharge (NHD) to a rehabilitation or skilled nursing facility after surgery is associated with impaired quality of life and higher postdischarge complications, readmissions, and mortality.

Prenatal and Childhood Tobacco Smoke Exposure Are Associated With Sleep-Disordered Breathing Throughout Early Childhood.

Objective: To determine whether prenatal and childhood tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) are each independently associated with mild sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) symptoms throughout early childhood, and whether the association between childhood TSE and SDB differs according to the level of prenatal exposure.

Methods: Longitudinal cohort study, using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a population-based birth cohort from the United Kingdom. Primary exposures were repeated measures of mother-reported prenatal and childhood TSE through age 7 years.

Healthy Hearts via Live Videoconferencing: An Exercise and Diet Intervention in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients.

Background Pediatric heart transplant recipients have high-risk cardiovascular profiles that can affect their long-term outcomes; however, promoting exercise and healthy diet has not been a major focus in the field. The objective of this study was to test the feasibility and impact of a supervised exercise and diet intervention delivered via live videoconferencing in this population. Methods and Results Patients 8 to 19 years of age at least 1 year post heart transplantation were enrolled.

Professional Bereavement Photography in the Setting of Perinatal Loss: A Qualitative Analysis.

Perinatal loss, including fetal and infant death, is a devastating experience for parents, resulting in long-term adverse physical and psychosocial outcomes. However, little is known about what services might best support grieving parents. We aimed to understand the role of professional bereavement photography in assisting the grieving process of parents who have lost a fetus or infant, by examining the perspectives of bereaved parents, professional photographers, and health care professionals.

Assessment of Sleep Disturbances and Exhaustion in Mothers of Children With Atopic Dermatitis.

Importance: The well-being and development of children is strongly influenced by parents' physical and psychosocial health. Data from small, clinic-based studies suggest that sleep loss may be common in parents of children with atopic dermatitis (AD), but longitudinal population-based studies are lacking.

Objectives: To compare sleep disturbances over time between mothers of children with and without AD and to determine whether these disturbances are associated with the child's disease severity and the child's sleep disturbances.

Association of Atopic Dermatitis With Sleep Quality in Children.

Importance: Pruritus, a hallmark of atopic dermatitis (AD), is thought to disrupt sleep, yet little is known about how variations in disease activity and severity of this common childhood condition may be associated with sleep patterns over time.

Objective: To determine whether children with active AD have impaired sleep duration and quality at multiple time points throughout childhood and whether disease severity affects sleep outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This longitudinal cohort study used data of children enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a population-based birth cohort in Avon, United Kingdom.

Comparison of Initial Pediatric Outpatient Echocardiogram Indications between Community and Academic Practice.

Objective: To compare the appropriateness and diagnostic yield of initial outpatient transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) between a community pediatric cardiology practice and an academic children's hospital.

Study Design: Initial outpatient pediatric TTE ordered by pediatric cardiologists between January and March 2014 at a community practice (Packard Children's Health Alliance [PCHA]; n = 238) and an academic tertiary center (Lucile Packard Children's Hospital [LPCH]; n = 76) were evaluated based on appropriate use criteria (AUC) released in December 2014. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of "rarely appropriate" indications and abnormal TTE findings.