Relationship of SOD-1 Activity in Metabolic Syndrome and/or Frailty in Elderly Individuals.

Introduction: Although aging is a natural phenomenon, in recent years it has accelerated. One key factor implicated in the aging process is oxidative stress. Oxidative stress also plays a role in frailty (frail) and metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Salt Intake of Children and Adolescents: Influence of Socio-Environmental Factors and School Education.

(1) Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the salt consumption by children and adolescents from the Silesian Province (Poland), taking into account the region's dietary traditions and the age of the students+. (2) Methods: 300 students aged 10-18 from different types of schools were enrolled in the study and divided into groups in terms of school, sex, and the state of their nutrition. A survey questionnaire about dietary habits, including the frequency and serving size with respect to 12 salty products, was used.

Transcription of Autophagy Associated Gene Expression as Possible Predictors of a Colorectal Cancer Prognosis.

(1) Background: Autophagy plays a dual role in oncogenesis-it contributes to the growth of the tumor and can inhibit its development. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the transcriptional activity of , and genes involved in the autophagy process in histopathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma sections of colorectal cancer: (2) Methods: A gene expression profile analysis was performed using HG-U133A and the RT-qPCR reaction. The transcriptional activity of genes was compared in sections of colorectal cancer in the four clinical stages (CSI-CSIV) concerning the control group; (3) Results: In CSI, the transcriptional activity of the gene is highest; in CS II, the gene is highest, while increases gradually from CSI reaching a maximum in CSIII.

Are There Differences in Gut Microbiome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated by Metformin or Metformin and Insulin?

Introduction: Recently, gut microbiota has been described as being involved in the health and diseases of the host, and together with diet and drugs may influence metabolic health. Yet, there is still no answer which type of treatment plays the most important role in the interplay of gut microbiota and type of treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). An attempt was made to answer the question of which factors have the most significant impact on the intestinal microbiome in the context of metformin or metformin+insulin use in treatment of the patients with T2DM.

Probiotic dairy products and consumption preferences in terms of sweetness sensitivity and the occurrence of childhood obesity.

Fermented dairy products such as yogurt contain many bioactive compounds. In addition, probiotic yogurts are an invaluable source of probiotic bacteria and are a group of probiotic products best accepted by children. There is plenty of research indicating an interdependence between yogurt consumption, body mass index, and adipose tissue percentage, which suggests that yogurt consumption may contribute to reducing the risk of becoming overweight or obese.

Organization of Medical Assistance in Poland for Ukrainian Citizens During the Russia-Ukraine War.

From 24 February 2022 to 29 March 2022, Poland has taken 2,377,000 refugees fleeing Russia's invasion of Ukraine. They are mostly women, children, and the elderly. In this article, we present all activities and types of medical resources provided and organized in Poland for refugees from the first days of the conflict.

The role of oxidant-antioxidant markers and resistin in metabolic syndrome elderly individuals.

In elderly, hormones and oxidant-antioxidant interplay are suggested to mediate biochemical balance between adipose tissue to other tissues. Thus the study attempts to explore metabolic traits, plasma resistin, and oxidant-antioxidant markers in metabolic syndrome (MetS) in comparison to non-metabolic syndrome (non-MetS) elderly individuals. A total of 541 healthy elderly Caucasians, with no acute and/or chronic disorders were invited.

The Expression Patterns of , , and Genes in Colorectal Cancer Are Potentially Regulated by Micrornas and CpG Islands: An In Silico Study.

Background: Autophagy plays a dual role of tumor suppression and tumor promotion in colorectal cancer. The study aimed to find those microRNAs (miRNAs) important in , , and regulation and to determine the possible role of the epigenetic changes in examined colorectal cancer using an in silico approach.

Methods: A total of 44 pairs of surgically removed tumors at clinical stages I‒IV and healthy samples (marginal tissues) from patients' guts were analyzed.

Vitamins B12 and D deficiencies and macro- and microelement disturbances among diabetic elderly patients.

Vitamin and mineral disturbances may interfere with glucose metabolism. Elderly persons with diabetes type 2 (T2DM) are more prone to mineral disturbances and vitamin deficiencies. The aim of this study was to analyze concentrations of vitamins B12 and D and macro- and microelements among diabetic elderly patients.

Study of top ballet school students revealed large deficiencies in their body weight and body fat.

Aim: This study assessed the nutritional status and physical activity levels of 150 female students aged 10-18 from three top Polish ballet schools, where the most promising dancers go on to pursue professional ballet careers.

Methods: We analysed the girls' body composition, physical activity level (PAL) and PAL coefficient. The ballet students also completed a questionnaire.

Autophagy-related gene expression in colorectal cancer patients.

There is evidence that autophagy can play a dual role in tumor cells – as a tumor suppressor, and a process involved in tumor cell survival. The aim of this work was to assess the expression of the genes engaged in the autophagy process in biopsies taken from the colon, confirmed as adenocarcinoma, and normal tissue and to relate them to the clinical stage of the tumor. A total of 20 pairs of surgically removed tumors and healthy (marginal) tissue samples from colorectal cancer patients at clinical stages (CS) I-IV were analyzed.

Profile of gene expression of TLR-signaling pathways in colorectal cancer tissues.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in transduction of molecular signals in immune process such as induction and regulation of immunity, production of cytokines, and recognition of specific molecular patterns on the surface of microorganisms, but also in cancer development-which was partially proven in previous studies. There is a lack of detailed research on differentiating levels of TLR expression in colorectal cancer at different stages of its advancement, so in our study we want to determine whether there is such a difference of TLRs and TLR-connected protein expression. In this study, 83 samples of colorectal adenocarcinoma (varying clinical degrees) and 40 slices of healthy colon tissue have been analyzed.

Body composition in healthy older persons: role of the ratio of extracellular/total body water.

The aim of this study was to identify the best prognostic parameters for quickly assessing fluid volume status in the context of nutritional status and water balance in older persons and to facilitate decision-making of the general practitioner (GP). This pilot study was conducted with 142 volunteers aged 60 years or older who were Polish students of the University of the Third Age. Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study were defined.

Specific metabolic biomarkers as risk and prognostic factors in colorectal cancer.

Advances in genomics, molecular pathology and metabolism have generated many candidate biomarkers of colorectal cancer with potential clinical value. Epidemiological and biological studies suggest a role for adiposity, dyslipidaemia, hyperinsulinemia, altered glucose homeostasis, and elevated expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis members in the risk and prognosis of cancer. This review discusses some recent past and current approaches being taken by researches in obesity and metabolic disorders.

Expression of ADAM28 and IGFBP-3 genes in patients with colorectal cancer - a preliminary report.

Adamalisynes (ADAMs) play an important role in inter-membrane interactions, cell adhesion and fusion processes and protein shedding from the cell surface. Many reports indicate that members of the ADAMs family are overexpressed in human cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate ADAM28 and Insulin Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3)) gene expression in colorectal carcinoma tissues with regard to the overweight or obese status of the patients using an oligonucleotide microarray technique.

Assessment of oral hygiene in adults.

Objective: The aim of the research was to assess the oral hygiene habits in the elderly group of study population of Southern Poland.

Methods: The study was conducted in dental services in two selected cities in Southern Poland. The group of subjects consisted of 664 respondents (272 men, 392 women) aged 65 to 81 years.

Cellular signal transduction pathways by leptin in colorectal cancer tissue: preliminary results.

The aim of the study was to analyse genes typing with the use of the oligonucleotide microarray technique (HG-U133A, Affymetrix) differentiating colorectal cancer tissues from tissues assessed histopathologically as healthy ones among a panel of 91 mRNA of genes encoding proteins involved in activation of cellular signal transduction pathways by leptin. Frozen tumor specimens from 11 colon cancer patients in various stages of clinical progression of the disease in an I-IV stage scale according to the TNM staging were used in molecular tests. Among the genes participating in the cascade of signal transfer in cell activated by leptin, the following ones: AKT1, STAT3, MCL1 were qualified as differentiating stage I and II and VEGFC, CCNDI the encoding genes respectively as differentiating III and IV stage neoplasm.

Analysis of expression profile of gene encoding proteins of signal cascades activated by insulin-like growth factors in colorectal cancer.

The aim of the study is to analyse gene typing with the use of the microarray technique (HG-U133A, Affymetrix), differentiating colorectal cancer tissues from tissues assessed histopathologically as healthy ones among a panel of 93 mRNA of gene encoding proteins involved in the activation of cellular signal transduction pathways by insulin-like growth factors. The study was conducted on a group of 8 colorectal cancer patients. Frozen tumor and healthy specimens from the patients were used in molecular tests.

Leptin and its receptors in obese patients with colorectal cancer.

The purpose of this study is to examine serum concentration of leptin and that of the soluble form, the Ob-Re receptor, in patients with colorectal cancer, as well as to examine the level of leptin mRNA and that of its receptors, Ob-Ra and Ob-Rb, in large intestine specimens collected from patients with colorectal cancer, depending on cancer clinical and pathological progression and BMI. A total of 146 patients with colorectal cancer in a I-IV stage scale according to the TNM Classification were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to BMI calculations based on body weight and height: a Study group (BMI greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2) of 75 patients aged 57 plus or minus 4.

On the holistic approach in cancer biology: tumor necrosis factor, colon cancer cells, chaos theory and complexity.

TNFalpha plays a role in the pathogenesis of septic shock, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, graft rejection reaction, acute, and chronic respiratory inefficiency among others. Its activity depends on the type of target cells and different regulating factors, but the effect of biological activity is conditioned by specific receptors such as p55 (type I, TNF R55) and p75 (type II, TNF R75). The aim of the study was to answer the following questions: 1) Is it possible to apply elements of non-linear dynamics to assess the level of expression of TNF, TNFRI, TNFRII genes in tumor cells, pathologically unchanged tissue and metastatically changed lymph nodes? 2) Is theoretically anticipated variability of cytokine and its receptors in colorectal carcinoma cells and the immediate vicinity justified in the developed mathematical model? The research material--specimens taken from tumor, unchanged tissue and metastatic lymph nodes--were histopathologically and molecularly analysed.