Improving obstetric and perinatal outcomes with a remote patient monitoring program for hypertension in a large integrated care system.

Objective: To determine the effect of a remote patient monitoring program for hypertension (RPM HTN) in patients diagnosed with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Study Design: We used a matched retrospective cohort design to evaluate differences in obstetric and perinatal outcomes using data from electronic medical records. Patients enrolled in RPM HTN between November 1, 2019, and October 31, 2021, who delivered a pregnancy at ≥20 weeks gestation were compared to a cohort of patients matched by age, race, HTN and diabetes status, who delivered in the 48-month period before implementation of RPM HTN.

Prevalence of use of highly concentrated oxytocin or "pepper injection" in labor among clinicians undergoing emergency obstetric training in Sierra Leone.

Objective: To examine the awareness, prevalence of use, and knowledge of risks of pepper injection (PI), an injection of highly concentrated oxytocin used to augment or induce labor, among clinicians.

Methods: An anonymous pre- and post-workshop evaluation conducted among 227 clinicians participating in emergency obstetric and newborn care training in Sierra Leone from June to October 2018.

Results: Overall, 225 participants completed the surveys.

Perinatal outcomes of cesarean deliveries in Sierra Leone: A prospective multicenter observational study.

Objective: To analyze the indications for cesarean deliveries and factors associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in Sierra Leone.

Methods: Between October 2016 and May 2017, patients undergoing cesarean delivery performed by medical doctors and associate clinicians in nine hospitals were included in a prospective observational study. Data were collected perioperatively, at discharge, and during home visits after 30 days.

The rate and perioperative mortality of caesarean section in Sierra Leone.

Introduction: Sierra Leone has the world's highest maternal mortality, partly due to low access to caesarean section. Limited data are available to guide improvement. In this study, we aimed to analyse the rate and mortality of caesarean sections in the country.

Hematologic changes associated with Zidovudine following single-drug substitution from stavudine in a home-based AIDS care program in rural Uganda.

Background: The authors evaluated hematologic changes associated with zidovudine (ZDV) following single-drug substitution from stavudine (D4T) in HIV-infected persons in Uganda.

Methods: From May 2003 through February 2007, the authors evaluated incidence rates (IR) of hematologic abnormalities from quarterly blood draws among adults prescribed highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) before and after single-drug substitution of D4T to ZDV.

Results: A total of 1089 adults received D4T-containing HAART (median observation time, 35.

Approaches for scaling up human immunodeficiency virus testing and counseling in prevention of mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission settings in resource-limited countries.

Prevention of mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission (PMTCT) programs have nearly eliminated mother-to-child transmission of HIV in developed countries, but progress in resource-limited countries has been slow. A key factor limiting the scale-up of PMTCT programs is lack of knowledge of HIV serostatus. Increasing the availability and acceptability of HIV testing and counseling services will encourage more women to learn their status, providing a gateway to PMTCT interventions.

Clinical toxicity of highly active antiretroviral therapy in a home-based AIDS care program in rural Uganda.

Background: We evaluated clinical toxicity in HIV-infected persons receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Uganda.

Methods: From May 2003 through December 2004, adults with a CD4 cell count < or =250 cells/microL or World Health Organization stage 3/4 HIV disease were prescribed ART. We calculated probabilities for time to toxicity and single-drug substitution as well as multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios for development of toxicity.

A case-control study of factors associated with HIV infection among black women.

Objective: To identify social, behavioral and epidemiologic factors associated with HIV infection among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected black women residing in North Carolina.

Design: A case-control study conducted in August 2004 in North Carolina.

Methods: Cases were 18-40-year-old women with HIV infections diagnosed from 2003-2004.

Systematic review of the safety of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for prophylaxis in HIV-infected pregnant women: implications for resource-limited settings.

Daily prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) significantly decreases morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV. Some clinicians are reluctant to use TMP-SMZ in pregnant and breastfeeding HIV-infected women because of concerns about the possible teratogenicity when used in the first trimester and about its potential to induce hyperbilirubinemia near term and during early breastfeeding. We systematically reviewed evidence regarding the toxicity of TMP-SMZ prophylaxis in pregnant and breastfeeding women to help guide practice in resource-limited settings.

Emergency peripartum hysterectomy: a comparison of cesarean and postpartum hysterectomy.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, indications, outcomes, and complications of emergency hysterectomy performed after cesarean deliveries (cesarean hysterectomy) and vaginal deliveries (postpartum hysterectomy).

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from 1990 to 2002 of patients who had peripartum hysterectomies at a single tertiary hospital. Comparisons were made between cesarean and postpartum hysterectomies.