Telling Ghost Stories Around a Bonfire-A Literature Review of Acute Bleeding Secondary to Pancreatitis.

Bleeding is a rare but serious complication of pancreatitis, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality. It can arise from various sources, including erosion of blood vessels by inflammatory processes, formation of pseudoaneurysms, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Early diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial for patient survival.

Targeting BTN2A1 Enhances Vγ9Vδ2 T-Cell Effector Functions and Triggers Tumor Cell Pyroptosis.

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are potent but elusive cytotoxic effectors. Butyrophilin subfamily 2 member A1 (BTN2A1) is a surface protein that has recently been shown to bind the Vγ9 chain of the γδ T-cell receptor, but its precise role in modulating Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell functions remains unknown. Here, we show that 107G3B5, a monoclonal BTN2A1 agonist antibody, was able to significantly enhance Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell functions against hematologic or solid cell lines and against primary cells from patients with adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Practice patterns and clinical outcomes in acute appendicitis differ in the elderly patient.

Background: Appendicitis is the most frequent global abdominal surgical emergency. An ageing population, who often exhibit atypical symptoms and delayed presentations, challenge conventional diagnostic and treatment paradigms.

Objectives: This study aims to delineate disparities in presentation, management, and outcomes between elderly patients and younger adults suffering from acute appendicitis.

In vitro validation of helium ion irradiations as a function of linear energy transfer in radioresistant human malignant cells.

Purpose: Based on considerable interest to enlarge the experimental database of radioresistant cells after their irradiation with helium ions, HTB140, MCF-7 and HTB177 human malignant cells are exposed to helium ion beams having different linear energy transfer (LET).

Materials And Methods: The cells are irradiated along the widened 62 MeV/u helium ion Bragg peak, providing LET of 4.9, 9.

Combining conventional and smartphone technologies to evaluate the psychomotor status in chronic malnutrition: A cross-sectional pilot study in sub-Saharan Africa.

Malnutrition remains a pressing health concern in developing nations, contributing to growth delay (stunting) and psychomotor impairments among the youth. Tanzania has the highest prevalence of stunting, yet the psychomotor status of its population has not been previously studied. To address this gap, we gathered anthropometric, nutritional, and psychomotor data from 211 children with the aim of assessing the reliability of digital tools as indicators of psychomotor performance in relation to the nutritional status.

Computational approaches in the estimation of radiobiological damage for human-malignant cells irradiated with clinical proton and carbon beams.

Purpose: The use of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations capable of reproducing radiobiological effects of ionising radiation on human cell lines is of great importance, especially for cases involving protons and heavier ion beams. In the latter, huge uncertainties can arise mainly related to the effects of the secondary particles produced in the beam-tissue interaction. This paper reports on a detailed MC study performed using Geant4-based approach on three cancer cell lines, the HTB-177, CRL-5876 and MCF-7, that were previously irradiated with therapeutic proton and carbon ion beams.

CD25high Effector Regulatory T Cells Hamper Responses to PD-1 Blockade in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Unlabelled: Regulatory T cells (Treg) impede effective antitumor immunity. However, the role of Tregs in the clinical outcomes of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains controversial. Here, we found that an immunosuppressive TNBC microenvironment is marked by an imbalance between effector αβCD8+ T cells and Tregs harboring hallmarks of highly suppressive effector Tregs (eTreg).

Immune biology of NSCLC revealed by single-cell technologies: implications for the development of biomarkers in patients treated with immunotherapy.

First-line immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer largely improved patients' survival. PD-L1 testing is required before immune checkpoint inhibitor initiation. However, this biomarker fails to accurately predict patients' response.

Mass Cytometry Reveals Classical Monocytes, NK Cells, and ICOS+ CD4+ T Cells Associated with Pembrolizumab Efficacy in Patients with Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but predictive biomarkers of their efficacy are imperfect. The primary objective is to evaluate circulating immune predictors of pembrolizumab efficacy in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Experimental Design: We used high-dimensional mass cytometry (CyTOF) in baseline blood samples of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab.

He dose- and track-averaged linear energy transfer: Monte Carlo algorithms and experimental verification.

In the present hadrontherapy scenario, there is a growing interest in exploring the capabilities of different ion species other than protons and carbons. The possibility of using different ions paves the way for new radiotherapy approaches, such as the multi-ions treatment, where radiation could vary according to target volume, shape, depth and histologic characteristics of the tumor. For these reasons, in this paper, the study and understanding of biological-relevant quantities was extended for the case ofHe ion.

Predictive Factors of Ventilatory Support in Chest Trauma.

This study aims to define possible predictors of the need of invasive and non-invasive ventilatory support, in addition to predictors of mortality in patients with severe thoracic trauma. Data from 832 patients admitted to our trauma center were collected from 2010 to 2017 and retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data, type of respiratory assistance, chest injuries, trauma scores and outcome were considered.

Endometrial Carcinoma: Immune Microenvironment and Emerging Treatments in Immuno-Oncology.

Endometrial cancer (EC) can easily be cured when diagnosed at an early stage. However, advanced and metastatic EC is a common disease, affecting more than 15,000 patients per year in the United Sates. Only limited treatment options were available until recently, with a taxane-platinum combination as the gold standard in first-line setting and no efficient second-line chemotherapy or hormone therapy.

Isolation of SARS-CoV-2 strains carrying a nucleotide mutation, leading to a stop codon in the ORF 6 protein.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was isolated from the oro/pharyngeal swabs of two Italian COVID-19 patients, physicians in a COVID-19 division hospital, with different courses of the disease. The complete genome sequences show that the two isolates belong to the B1.1 lineage, but contain a nucleotide mutation in the ORF6, leading to a stop codon and to the deletion of 6 amino acids in the C terminus.

The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in management of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis combined with small cell lung cancer: A case report.

Rationale: Limbic encephalitis is one of the most common paraneoplastic neurological disorders (PND). The role of brain Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose position emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) in paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) and of the whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT in this setting, remains still not well defined.

Patient Concerns: We report a case of a patient with chronic inflammatory rheumatism, psoriasis and Hashimoto thyroiditis and subsequent appearance of static and dynamic ataxia and episodic memory deficit who was diagnosed as PLE combined with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Evidence of Vasculogenic Mimicry in a Palpebral Melanocytoma in a Dog.

A 7-year-old neutered female Doberman pinscher was presented with a palpebral nodule on the haired eyelid of the left eye. The nodule was removed surgically. Microscopically, the nodule was consistent with eyelid melanocytoma.

Fibrosarcoma of the eyelid in two sibling Czech wolfdogs.

Most canine tumors of the eyelid are tumors generally encountered in the skin. They are most commonly of epithelial origin and benign. In this report, we describe the cases of two sibling Czech wolfdogs presented, one year apart, with a subcutaneous mass involving the left eyelid.