The possible role of sodium leakage channel localization factor-1 in the pathophysiology and severity of autism spectrum disorders.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social, stereotypical, and repetitive behaviors. Neural dysregulation was proposed as an etiological factor in ASD. The sodium leakage channel (NCA), regulated by NLF-1 (NCA localization factor-1), has a major role in maintaining the physiological excitatory function of neurons.

Bleeding Diathesis as the Initial Presentation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Series.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia, or CML, is another name for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a cancer type that starts in certain bone marrow blood-forming cells. The primary initiator of granulocytic proliferation in CML, a myeloproliferative malignancy, is the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein or Philadelphia chromosome. CML is classified into three stages: chronic, accelerated, and blast.

Prognostic markers in patients with COVID-19 requiring intensive care support.

Objectives: Several hematological and immunological markers, particularly neutrophil count, predict the severity of COVID-19. This study aimed at assessing hematological and coagulation parameters at different time points, to predict the complications or outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational multicenter study in ICU departments.

A retrospective study of real-world effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Real-world evidence on factor Xa inhibitor (rivaroxaban) prescribing patterns, safety, and efficacy in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is rare. Herein, we sought to examine the above outcomes in the largest academic center in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study designed to examine the prescribing pattern, safety and real-world effectiveness of the factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban in patients with NVAF and VTE.

Report of Low Incidence of Thrombosis with Early Prophylaxis in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 from Two Saudi Tertiary Centers.

Background: Thrombotic events can increase the COVID-19 associated disease mortality. The administration of prophylactic anticoagulants had been shown to decrease the incidence of thrombosis, mortality, and ICU admission rates in COVID-19 patients.

Aims: The present study investigates the rate of thrombosis with early anticoagulation prophylaxis, the various risk factors for thrombotic events, and the overall survival rate in hospitalized COVID-19 cases.

Hemostatic profile detailing in apparent VWD cases: A cross sectional study.

The von willebrand disease (vWD) accounts to be one of the most common hereditary bleeding ailment that amounts its incidence to almost 1.5% of normal population. It is mostly associated with a defect in primary hemostasis as well as secondary defect in coagulation factor VIII as diagnosis of vwd happened to be challenging with earlier diagnostic criteria's.

Methicillin and multidrug resistant pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus associated sepsis in hospitalized neonatal infections and antibiotic susceptibility.

Background: Neonatal infection is infection of the newborn or neonate acquired in first four weeks of life or during prenatal development. Microorganism associated neonatal infections caused severe mortality in recent years. It is developed either prenatally or within 28 days of neonatal period.

The Level of vWF Antigen and Coagulation Markers in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19.

Background: The coagulopathy of COVID-19 still awaits more clarification, and one approach that has not been investigated is to compare the hemostatic changes between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 infected patients.

Objective: This study aims to study COVID-19 coagulopathy by measuring markers of endothelial injury and coagulation, including anticoagulants (TFPI, protein C, protein S, and AT) in COVID-19 patients and compare them with non-COVID-19 patients early in the course of the disease.

Methodology: This is an observational, prospective cross-sectional study comparing the levels of protein C, protein S, antithrombin (AT) III, clotting factor (F) VIII, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and coagulation screening tests (PT and a PTT), fibrinogen, D-dimer in COVID-19 patients admitted during the same time with non-COVID-19 infections.

Role of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Breast Cancer Progression and Identification of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Inhibitors Using In-Silico Mining and Drug-Drug Interaction Network Approaches.

The strong association between POPs and breast cancer in humans has been suggested in various epidemiological studies. However, the interaction of POPs with the ERα protein of breast cancer, and identification of natural and synthetic compounds to inhibit this interaction, is mysterious yet. Consequently, the present study aimed to explore the interaction between POPs and ERα using the molecular operating environment (MOE) tool and to identify natural and synthetic compounds to inhibit this association through a cluster-based approach.

Fluorescence spectroscopy as a novel technique for premarital screening of sickle cell disorders.

Spectral diagnostic screening for sickle cell disease was carried out on volunteer blood samples (N = 100). The samples were subjected to different diagnostic methods including conventional complete blood count (CBC), hemoglobin electrophoresis (HBE) and spectral diagnosis. For the spectral diagnostic method, we discriminated three different characteristic spectral features.

Factor XII deficiency in asymptomatic Saudi population: A retrospective cohort study.

Factor XII (FXII) deficiency is a rare genetic blood disorder. It can lead to a higher risk of developing deep vein thrombosis or acquired thrombotic disorders than the general population. This retrospective study evaluated patients who opted for surgery and were found to have abnormal clotting profiles and clotting factors on preoperative routine blood.

Evaluating the novel parameters for assessing the LAA function and thrombus formation with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

The dysfunction of left atrial appendage (LAA) is prone to form thrombus when atrial fibrillation (AF) sustained more than 48 h. Traditional 2D-TEE (transesophageal echocardiography) can not accurate evaluate the function of LAA. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of LAA function parameters and thrombus formation in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) by real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT-3D-TEE).

Diabetes induced renal complications by leukocyte activation of nuclear factor κ-B and its regulated genes expression.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic disorder characterized by inappropriate insulin function. Despite wide progress in genome studies, defects in gene expression for diabetes prognosis still incompletely identified. Prolonged hyperglycemia activates NF-κB, which is a main player in vascular dysfunctions of diabetes.

The Role of Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content for the Diagnosis of Functional Iron Deficiency in Hemodialyzed patients.

The effectiveness of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) had been reported to detect early functional iron deficiency especially among Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. CHr is more superior to classic biochemical indices in reflecting transient iron-deficiency status, therefore improving diagnosis and treatment. This study was conducted to determine the sensitivity of CHr in the diagnosis of functional iron deficiency (FID) in hemodialyzed patients.

glucose-6-phosphatase inhibitory, toxicity and antidiabetic potentials of 2-picolylamine thioureas in Swiss albino mice.

The 2-picolylamine is a simplest analogue of the alkaloid that has secondary and tertiary nitrogen function in its cyclic structure like that of alkaloids that can be derivatized to a number of biologically active compounds. In connection to our previous work, in the present work, three thiourea derivatives ( 1,3-(2-benzyl-3-phenyl-1-(pyridine-2-yl) propyl) thiourea,  1,3-bis (pyridin-2-ylmethyl) thiourea, and  1-(2-benzyl-3-phenyl-1-(pyridine-2-yl) propyl)-3-phenylthiourea) were synthesized using 2-picolylamine template which is a readily available synthetic analogue of naturally occurring alkaloid. The biological effect of the synthesized derivatives were monitored on the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase in Swiss albino mice (21-days).

The clinical and laboratory manifestations profile of antiphospholipid syndrome among Saudi Arabia population: Examining the applicability of Sapporo criteria.

Antiphospholipid syndrome is a organized autoimmune disease presented with vascular thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity. The Sapporo classification criteria of APS were revised in 2006 and are used as the main diagnosis guideline, which validity as standard measurements is still in debate. This study observe the clinical and laboratory indices of APS among Saudi patients.

Features and incidence of thromboembolic disease: A comparative study between high and low altitude dwellers in Saudi Arabia.

To estimate and compare the incidence of thromboembolic disease among patients who are clinically suspected for VTE among high and low altitude dwellers in Saudi Arabia. A prospective study conducted over two years (2011-2013) conducted in two different geographical areas in Saudi Arabia; Abha City and Riyadh City. Patients clinically suspected with deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism was recruited to the study.

Evaluation and characterisation of Chronic myeloid leukemia and various treatments in Saudi Arabia: A retrospective study.

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal BCR-ABL1-positive myelo-proliferative disorder resulting from an acquired genetic mutation, characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. CML is associated with significantly high granulocyte numbers in the bone marrow and peripheral blood.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study conducted at the Hematology Unit of King Saud University Medical City aimed to evaluate the incidence and characteristics of CML and the various treatments in Saudi Arabia.

Association between cigarette & shisha smoking and the severity of polycythemia: A cross sectional study.

Tobacco cigarette smoking is assumed to be a key reason of death all over the world. Smoking had both severe as well long-lasting effects on hematological constraints. As per the data available from World Health Organization, every year nearly 5 million individuals die around the world due to the diseases triggered by smoking.

Fluorescence spectral detection of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML): A novel photodiagnosis strategy.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the lymphoid line of blood cell, showing a rapid growth of lymphoblastic immature cells. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells. Early diagnosis is crucial for the effective treatment of these patients.

Idiopathic Aplastic Anemia in Children and Adults: Diagnosis, Treatments, and Management - A Review.

Aplastic Anemia (AA) is also known as idiopathic aplastic anemia (IAA) and the production of new blood cells ceases in AA, which leads to an abnormal hematological syndrome such as pancytopenia and suppression of hypo-cellular bone marrow. The pathophysiology of AA in most cases is immune-mediated and is stimulated by type 1 cytotoxic T cells. Reliable early diagnostic tests of IAA are not yet available, therefore most of the cases are identified in advanced stages.

Detection of hemophilia by fluorescence spectroscopy: A photodiagnosis approach.

Hemophilia (HP), the deficiency of clotting factors such as VIII (FVIII) and IX, is an inherited blood disorder which is due to the lack of clotting protein. Conventional techniques for detecting hemophilia are based on clotting factor tests such as hemostasis assays to determine various types of hemophilia and its severity. In the current study, we propose a new approach involving a spectral technique to discriminate normal controls from hemophilia patients with an accuracy above 80 %.