Immunological role of CD4CD28 T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and interferon-gamma in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease: relation to disease severity and response to therapy.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with alterations in immune phenotypes. CD4CD28 T lymphocytes have pro-inflammatory functions and are linked to vascular diseases. To assess the percentage of CD4CD28 T lymphocytes, natural killer cells (NK), and IFN-gamma levels, we compared 40 children and adolescents with SCD with 40 healthy controls and evaluated their relation to disease severity and response to therapy.

Cultural preferences and limited public resources influence the spectrum of thalassemia in Egypt.

Background: Cultural beliefs of Egyptians with respect to the origin of thalassemia and its prevention, as well as national resources available for care, often differ from those of Western countries.

Objectives: To assess the impact of cultural attitudes and the effect of limited medical and financial resources that could affect the management of Egyptian thalassemic patients.

Subjects: A cross sectional study included 205 Egyptians β-thalassemia major (β-TM) patients, with a mean age of 149±87.