Metformin promotes apoptosis in primary breast cancer cells by downregulation of cyclin D1 and upregulation of P53 through an AMPK-alpha independent mechanism.

Background/aim: In the present study we aimed to figure out the effect of metformin on the expression of AMPK-alpha, cyclin D1, and Tp53, and apoptosis in primary breast cancer cells (PBCCs).

Materials And Methods: PBCCs were treated with two doses of metformin (0 mM, 25 mM). Proliferation was determined by BrdU as- say.

Trace Element Levels and Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Patients with Alcohol Abuse.

Alcohol abuse is a well-known cause of imbalance in trace element levels and oxidant/antioxidant status of individuals with long time consumption. However, the levels of these parameters in the patients on the early stages of alcohol dependence without liver damage differ on various studies. The aim of our study was to measure the levels of trace elements in the serum and oxidative/antioxidative system members in the red blood cells (RBC) of early-stage alcoholic individuals and compare with control subjects.