Evaluating the Effects of Cigarette Smoking and Heated Tobacco Products on Hard Dental Tissues: A Comparative Histological and Colorimetric Analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the impact of cigarette smoking (CS) and heated tobacco (HT) on the alteration of color and ultrastructural characteristics of human enamel and cementum.

Background: According to tobacco companies, a less harmful substitute for CS is HT products. Nevertheless, comprehensive research on the effects of HT on tooth structures has been lacking.

Effect of conventional cigarette smoking and recent heated tobacco products on CAD/CAM restorative materials.

Objective: To determine the effects of conventional cigarette smoking (CS) and recent heated tobacco products (HTPs) on the surface roughness and color stability of different indirect restorative materials.

Materials And Methods: One hundred disc-shaped samples were constructed of three different restorative CAD/CAM materials: lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD; Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), zirconia (BruxZir® Zirconia, Glidewell, USA) and polyetheretherketone (BioHPP® bredent GmbH, Germany).

Effect of Acidic Media on Surface Topography and Color Stability of Two Different Glass Ceramics.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to determine the effect of two acidic beverages (orange juice and HPO-containing fizzy drink) on the surface topography and color stability of two commonly used computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramic materials.

Materials And Methods:  Sixty samples of two CAD/CAM ceramic materials, lithium disilicate (IPS e-max CAD) and zirconia reinforced lithium silicate (Vita Suprinity), were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions. The samples were immersed in one of three media (artificial saliva, orange juice and HPO-containing fizzy drink) and then stored in an incubator at 37 °C for 24 hours).

Effect of Two Different Intraoral Polishing Systems on Surface Roughness, Color Stability, and Bacterial Accumulation of Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two intraoral polishing methods on zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic after ultrasonic scaling.

Materials And Methods:  Thirty disc-shaped samples of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate were constructed. Freshly extracted bovine teeth were collected and cleaned then the discs were cemented into a cavity prepared onto their labial surface.