Upadacitinib (UPA) is a selective and reversible oral Janus kinase (JAK) 1 inhibitor and is of great importance in treating inflammatory bowel disease (Zheng et al., Int Immunopharmacol 126:111229, 2024; Foy et al., JAAD Case Rep 42:20-22, 2023).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClozapine (CLO) is an atypical antipsychotic drug indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia. The treatment effectiveness of CLO is better than that of other atypical antipsychotics, and it has the advantage of being able to determine its effectiveness by measuring its concentration in the patient's blood. Thus, sensitive, selective, and accurate determination of CLO in blood is highly significant for treatment monitoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOvarian cancer, which affects the female reproductive organs, is one of the most common types of cancer. Since this type of cancer has a high mortality rate from gynaecological cancers, the scientific community shows great interest in studies on its treatment. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical treatment methods are used in its treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuercetin (QUE) is a powerful antioxidant and one of the common phenolic compounds found in plants, vegetables, and fruits, which has shown many pharmacological activities. The complex nature of the matrix in which QUE is found and its importance and potential uses in diverse applications force the researchers to develop selective and sensitive sensors. In the present work, a novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based electrochemical sensor was fabricated for the selective and sensitive determination of the QUE in plant extracts and food supplements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBacteria causing hospital-associated infections continue to become resistant due to antibiotic resistance, which has become a global problem worldwide and accordingly, the antibiotic options used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by these bacteria are limited. In the light of the data obtained from experimental studies on plants, it is thought that plant extracts may be a promising option in the treatment of infectious diseases. In this study, it was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of Taraxacum officinale extracts on Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285 standard strain by broth microdilution method and to pioneer different studies that will investigate the antibacterial effects of plant extracts on resistant B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this research, two different molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based electrochemical sensors were proposed for the determination of tolvaptan (TOL). Photopolymerization (PP) and thermal polymerization (TP) techniques were developed for the determination of TOL. The advantages of MIP were used to design an electrochemical sensor for selective and sensitive determination of TOL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTofacitinib citrate (TOF) is a Janus kinase-3 inhibitor used for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. In this study, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based sensor was produced using acrylamide as the functional monomer via photopolymerization technique for the electrochemical determination of TOF. This study is the first one to explain the electrochemical determination of TOF with a highly selective MIP-based sensor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNowadays, the rapid improvements in the medical and pharmaceutical fields increase the diversity and use of drugs. However, problems such as the use of multiple or combined drugs in the treatment of diseases and insensible use of over-the-counter drugs have caused concerns about the side-effect profiles and therapeutic ranges of drugs and environmental contamination and pollution problems due to pharmaceuticals waste. Therefore, the analysis of drugs in various media such as biological, pharmaceutical, and environmental samples is an important topic of discussion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro activity of thirty-eight heterocyclic organoboron compounds (1a-o, 2a-j, 3a-m) against clinically isolated dermatophytes Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of compounds (1a-o, 2a-j, 3a-m) were determined according to published protocol Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 broth microdilution method. The minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) for both T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In this study, we aimed to evaluate FSH, LH responses obtained during LHRH-ST according to two different cut-off values, to determine the diagnostic response times, and to find the optimal blood collection times that could reduce the economic and time burden of LHRH-ST.
Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent LHRH-ST in our clinic with the preliminary diagnosis of precocious puberty (PP) between 01/08/2016 and 31/12/2017 were retrospectively enrolled to the study. In this study 207 girls with PP were included and some of them (102 according to C1 and 139 according to C2) had central PP (CPP).
This paper presents the use of probabilistic neural networks (PNNs) for detection of resistivity for antibiotics (resistant and sensitive). The PNN is trained on the resistivity or sensitivity to the antibiotics of each record in the Salmonella database. Estimation of the whole parameter space for the PNN was performed by the maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Clin Microbiol Antimicrob
January 2010
Background: We studied the beta-lactamases of an E. aerogenes isolate recovered from the blood of a two-year-old patient. The isolate demonstrated a disk-diffusion phenotype typical for an AmpC-ESBL co-producer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe rate of in vitro resistance to various antimicrobials in 179 consecutive isolates of Salmonella spp., which included serogroups D (109), B (52), C1 (10) and C2 (8) isolated from children, was investigated. Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was studied in ampicillin-resistant isolates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn intensive care unit (ICU)-based OXA-23-producing multiple-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) outbreak was detected between October 2005 and October 2006. A total of 47 patients were infected/colonized with the outbreak strain. Clinical data were available from 37 patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTotally 32 cerebrospinal fluid samples from Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were collected. DNA was extracted by High Pure PCR Template Preparation Kit. Two genomic segments, outer membrane protein genes ompA and omp9, were targeted for the detection of C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvasive candidiasis, defined as candidemia and disseminated candidiasis, is the most common fungal infection in hospitalized patients. In the current study, we used Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy as a rapid, non-perturbing technique to investigate the effects of disseminated candidiasis on mouse liver tissues at the molecular level. The results revealed that the infection caused compositional changes in the tissues by decreasing the lipid content and the ratio of the saturated lipids to unsaturated lipids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe synthesis of 2,3,5-substituted perhydropyrrolo[3,4-d]isoxazole-4,6-diones (44 compounds) has been accomplished by the cycloaddition reaction of N-methyl-C-arylnitrones with N-substituted maleimides. The compounds were screened for their antibacterial activities and most of them exhibited activity against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). cis-3a and cis-3d were found fairly effective against E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisseminated candidiasis is relatively common in immunocompromised patients. The treatment protocol of these patients usually includes broad-spectrum antibiotics and also emprical antifungals initiated due to unresponsiveness to antibiotics. In this study the efficacies of caspofungin and meropenem - separately and together - in mice with disseminated candidiasis were studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Objectives: Salmonella spp. resistant to second- and third-generation cephalosporins and related antibiotics by production of various extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are on the rise in Turkey. Early detection of ESBL producing Salmonella is important to institute appropriate treatment in time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study was designed to demonstrate the prevalence of the newly discovered carbapenem-hydrolysing class D enzymes, OXA-51-type and OXA-58, among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp.
Methods: A total of 72 isolates from six centres were studied. Isolates were screened by PCR with specific primers for bla(OXA-51-type) and bla(OXA-58).
In this study the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), antifungal susceptibility and proteinase production of isolated Candida species were investigated. Vaginal swabs were collected from symptomatic women with vulvovaginitis attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of Kocaeli University, Turkey. The relation between risk factors, such as pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, antibiotic and corticosteroid use, history of sexually transmitted diseases and contraceptive methods, was recorded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of imipenem and meropenem on the transcriptional expression of resistance-related genes oprD, oprM and oprN in Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied by quantitative real-time PCR. Four strains were examined: the type strain PT5 (PAO1), its derivatives M7 and PT149, and a clinical isolate, PaKT3. The derivative M7 is a nalB mutant, overexpressing the MexAB-OprM pump, and the derivative PT149 is a nfxC-type mutant, overexpressing the MexEF-OprN pump while it is down-regulated for the OprD protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the esterase activity of clinically important Candida species and to evaluate tween 80 opacity test medium as an additional identification method. A total of 118 Candida isolates (86 C. albicans, 12 C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We compared imipenem, meropenem and cefoperazone-sulbactam against hospital originated A. baumannii strains in terms of bactericidal efficacy and selection of resistant mutants during treatment in a rat thigh abscess model.
Methods: A total of 18 strains were inoculated in 54 animals (one strain for three animals).
In-vitro activity of several antimicrobial agents were evaluated against Haemophilus influenzae (n:127) isolated from clinical specimens within the years 2000 and 2002 in a children's hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by disk diffusion method according to the recommendations of the NCCLS standards and beta-lactamase activity was investigated by nitrocefin test. Resistance rates for the antibiotics were as follows: ampicillin 5.
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