Sacroiliac joint involvement in osteochondromatosis: identifying its prevalence and characteristics from cross-sectional imaging.

Purpose: Apart from a few case reports, sacroiliac joint (SIJ) involvement in osteochondromatosis has not been studied. We aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of such involvement using cross-sectional imaging.

Methods: In this retrospective study, three observers (one junior radiologist and two musculoskeletal radiologists) independently reviewed computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients in our database who had osteochondromatosis (≥2 osteochondromas across the skeleton) for SIJ involvement.

Spectrum of Histopathological, Immunohistochemical, Molecular and Radiological Features in 12 Cases of -positive Sarcomas With Literature Review.

-positive undifferentiated sarcomas are rare. Herein, we present clinicopathological features including immunohistochemical and molecular data, along with the radiological profile of 12 such tumors. Tumors were tested for fusion by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique.

Rice bodies in children with rheumatic disorders: A case series and systematic literature review.

Objectives: Rice body (RB) formation is an uncommon inflammatory process seen in systemic disorders. In this study, we aimed to assess characteristic features of RBs in pediatric patients.

Method: We retrospectively evaluated pediatric patients who underwent joint/extremity magnetic resonance imaging.

Poorly differentiated chordoma showing loss of SMARCB1/INI1: Clinicopathological and radiological spectrum of nine cases, including uncommon features of a relatively under-recognized entity.

Poorly differentiated chordoma is a newly recognized entity in the recent World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone. Slightly over 60 such cases have been documented. Herein, we present a clinicopathological profile, including radiological features, of nine cases, which occurred in five males and four females, with age varying from 1 to 29 years (median = 43), in the cervical spine (n = 2), skull base (n = 2), clivus (n = 2), thoracic spine (n = 1) lumbar spine (n = 1) and coccyx (n = 1) Average tumor size was 4.

Different Attenuation Models of Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging for the Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Musculoskeletal Tumors.

Background: Several functional imaging techniques, including monoexponential diffusion-weighted imaging (m-DWI), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and diffusion kurtosis (DK) imaging, have been used in differentiating benign and malignant musculoskeletal tumors. Combining all three techniques in the same study population may improve differentiation.

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of m-DWI, IVIM, and DK models and their combinations in differentiating benign and malignant musculoskeletal tumors.

Spinal involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: what do we miss without imaging?

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease of childhood. Enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) has been one of the most controversial subtypes of JIA with a higher risk of axial involvement.  Our aim was to assess the frequency and spectrum of MRI findings of spine involvement in patients with JIA and determine if the axial involvement is always clinically symptomatic in patients with positive MRI findings.

Ultrasonography-Guided Injection for Quadriceps Fat Pad Edema: Preliminary Report of a Six-Month Clinical and Radiological Follow-Up.

Purpose: To investigate efficacy and safety of ultrasonography-guided local corticosteroid and anesthetic injection followed by physical therapy for the management of quadriceps fat pad (QFP) edema.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively evaluated 1671 knee MRI examinations in 1542 patients for QFP edema with mass effect, which was present in 109 (6.5%) knees.

MRI of lower extremity impingement and friction syndromes in children.

Although generally more common in adults, lower extremity impingement and friction syndromes are also observed in the pediatric age group. Encompassing femoroacetabular impingement, iliopsoas impingement, subspine impingement, and ischiofemoral impingement around the hip; patellar tendon-lateral femoral condyle friction syndrome; iliotibial band friction syndrome; and medial synovial plica syndrome in the knee as well as talocalcaneal impingement on the hindfoot, these syndromes frequently cause pain and may mimic other, and occasionally more ominous, conditions in children. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a key role in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal impingement and friction syndromes.

Demystifying ABER (ABduction and External Rotation) sequence in shoulder MR arthrography.

ABduction and External Rotation (ABER) sequence in magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography of the shoulder is particularly important to better depict abnormal conditions of some glenohumeral joint structures and surrounding tissues by making imaging possible under a stress position relevant to pathologic conditions. Among the structures and tissues better depicted in this position are articular surface of the supraspinatus tendon, anteroinferior portion of the glenoid labrum, and anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral band. Despite these benefits of the ABER sequence, it is either not being used extensively as part of shoulder MR arthrograms or, when utilized, not properly assessed, mostly due to some practical difficulties in setting up the sequence and unfamiliarity with the alignment of structures displayed on MR images.

Intraosseous pseudotumor in a child with hypofibrinogenemia.

Intraosseous pseudotumor (i.e. chronic, encapsulated, hemorrhagic fluid collection that can be seen in any portion of the tubular bones) is an uncommon complication of severe hemophilia; however, it can occur with other rare bleeding disorders.

CT assessment of asymptomatic hip joints for the background of femoroacetabular impingement morphology.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to assess the presence of cam and pincer morphology in asymptomatic individuals with a negative femoroacetabular impingement test, and to determine and compare the ranges of alpha angle using two measurement methods.

Materials And Methods: In total, 68 consecutive patients who underwent abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) for reasons other than hip problems were the patient population. Patients who had a positive femoroacetabular impingement test were excluded.

Fat fraction estimation of the vertebrae in females using the T2*-IDEAL technique in detection of reduced bone mineralization level: comparison with bone mineral densitometry.

Objective: The aim of this study was to use the T2*-iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation quantification (IDEAL) technique to estimate vertebral fat fraction (FF) and compare it with bone mineralization levels in females.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five (mean age, 49.5 years) consecutive women who underwent magnetic resonance imaging and spinal dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry bone mineral density (BMD) examination constituted the study population.

Charcot foot in diabetes and an update on imaging.

Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that can cause major morbidity including limb amputation. Since it was first described in 1883, and attributed to diabetes mellitus in 1936, the diagnosis of CN has been very challenging even for the experienced practitioners. Imaging plays a central role in the early and accurate diagnosis of CN, and in distinction of CN from osteomyelitis.

Bilateral fused os intermetatarseum presenting as dorsal foot pain: a case report.

Purpose: Os intermetatarseum is a rare accessory bone of the forefoot and usually situated between the base of the first and second metatarsals. Most of the cases are asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. Here, we report a rare form of os intermetatarseum presented with bilateral dorsal foot pain and to the authors' knowledge, it is the first case which includes computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

A critical overview of the imaging arm of the ASAS criteria for diagnosing axial spondyloarthritis: what the radiologist should know.

The Assessment in SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) defined new criteria in 2009 for the classification of axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) in patients with ≥ 3 months of back pain who were aged <45 years at the onset of back pain. This represents a culmination of a number of efforts in the last 30 years starting with the 1984 modified New York criteria for ankylosing spondylitis, followed by the 1990 Amor criteria and the 1991 European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group criteria for SpA. The importance of new ASAS criteria for radiologists is that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) takes center stage and is one of the major criteria for the diagnosis of axial SpA when active (or acute) inflammation is present on MRI that is highly suggestive of sacroiliitis associated with SpA.

Right foot congenital infantile fibrosarcoma treated only with chemotherapy.

Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma (CIF) is a rare tumor in childhood. The 5-year survival rate for CIFs is high and has been reported between 84% and 93%, but limb-amputation/disarticulation is still a major problem. We report the case of a male newborn with a mass in his right foot.

Visualization of the biliary tract using gadobenate dimeglumine: preliminary findings.

Objective: To compare contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiography (CE-MRC) performed with gadobenate dimeglumine with T2-weighted MRC (T2-MRC) for visualization of the bile ducts in nondilated biliary systems.

Materials And Methods: Twenty consecutive patients who underwent MR imaging (MRI) of the liver and pancreas with nondilated intrahepatic ducts were included in this retrospective study. T2-weighted MRC was performed using a multislice, high-resolution fat-suppressed half-Fourier acquisition turbo spin-echo sequence.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the rotator interval in patients on long-term hemodialysis: correlation with the range of shoulder motions.

Objective: To assess the rotator interval of patients on long-term hemodialysis with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the presence of adhesive capsulitis and to correlate these findings with shoulder motions.

Methods: Seventeen shoulders in 16 patients (mean age, 53.8 years) on hemodialysis (range of duration, 4-28 years) who had pain and limited range of shoulder motion underwent MRI.