Saudi J Biol Sci
April 2024
Cosmetic products may be exposed to microbial contamination during storage or transport, and to avoid the risk of microbial growth, manufacturers add preservative compounds as a protection for the product from spoilage. The Microbial Challenge test is a procedure to evaluate the preservative efficacy by challenging the product with testing microorganisms to determine the quality of preservation. In this study, thirty-two cosmetics products used for body and skin care were collected from markets and pharmacies in Mecca region, these products are subjected to microbiological analysis, results show that most samples are contaminated except six samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe operative mechanisms and advantageous synergies existing between the rhizobiome and the wild plant species Abutilon fruticosum were studied. Within the purview of this scientific study, the reservoir of genes in the rhizobiome, encoding the most highly enriched enzymes, was dominantly constituted by members of phylum Thaumarchaeota within the archaeal kingdom, phylum Proteobacteria within the bacterial kingdom, and the phylum Streptophyta within the eukaryotic kingdom. The ensemble of enzymes encoded through plant exudation exhibited affiliations with 15 crosstalking KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCOVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, manifests with a wide range of clinical symptoms that vary from mild respiratory issues to severe respiratory distress. To effectively manage and predict the outcomes of the disease, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying its severity. This study focuses on analyzing and comparing the expression patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs) in serum, urine, and nasopharyngeal samples from patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCosmetic products contain several components that are ideal for microbial growth, they exposed to contamination by pathogenic bacteria and fungi, and this may cause health risks such as skin and eye infections. In this investigation, 50 samples were obtained from various shops in Mecca region, Saudi Arabia. Collected samples include high-quality and low-quality brands of makeup.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA metagenomic whole genome shotgun sequencing approach was used for rhizospheric soil micribiome of the wild plant Abutilon fruticosum in order to detect antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) along with their antibiotic resistance mechanisms and to detect potential risk of these ARGs to human health upon transfer to clinical isolates. The study emphasized the potential risk to human health of such human pathogenic or commensal bacteria, being transferred via food chain or horizontally transferred to human clinical isolates. The top highly abundant rhizospheric soil non-redundant ARGs that are prevalent in bacterial human pathogens or colonizers (commensal) included mtrA, soxR, vanRO, golS, rbpA, kdpE, rpoB2, arr-1, efrA and ileS genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The study aims to describe phageome of soil rhizosphere of in terms of the genes encoding CAZymes and other KEGG enzymes.
Methods: Genes of the rhizospheric virome of the wild plant species were investigated for their ability to encode useful CAZymes and other KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enzymes and to resist antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the soil.
Results: Abundance of these genes was higher in the rhizospheric microbiome than in the bulk soil.
protein A () is an important virulence factor that enables to evade host immune responses. The current work aims to detect the gene by a colorimetric method based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). For this purpose, the chromosomal DNA of was extracted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF<b>Background and Objectives:</b> Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a microbial extracellular biopolymer formed by microbial strains like <i>Gluconacetobacter xylinus</i>. The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidant and anticoagulant of a microbial nano cellulose-ZnO-Ag (CNCs) composite and its components separately. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Three components were used for nano cellulose-ZnO-Ag composite synthesis, Ag-nanoparticles, ZnO-nanoparticles and BC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Public awareness regarding COVID-19 plays an important role in controlling the virus' spread and treating infected people. A high level of awareness among the public will help to implement preventive measures, particularly in the most populated regions, such as Makkah, Saudi Arabia. COVID-19 is an infectious disease and the Saudi Arabian government has taken serious precautions and implemented several preventive measures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSolid waste management is a serious ecological problem in Saudi Arabia due to rapid industrialization, population growth and urbanization. Recycling and sorting are in their infancy in Saudi Arabia and huge amounts of mixed household and industrial wastes are still dumped without any pre-treatment. Solid waste management techniques such as incineration, pyrolysis and gasification have high investment costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAzo dyes are toxic and recalcitrant environmental pollutants in wastewater and soil in many industrial sites in Asia and Arabic countries. The aim of this study was to find fungal species useful in wastewater treatment and soil remediation efforts. We assessed the ability of different indigenous Aspergillus strains (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMarine algae have long been explored as food, feed, additives, drugs, and pesticides, yet now the framework is moving towards the algae mediated green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). This work is expanding step by step, like algae, are a rich origin of natural compounds. Recently, algae capped and stabilized NPs have picked up far and wide consideration as a less toxic, easy handling, cost effective, eco-friendly, usage in several science fields in nano size, safer to use, and greener method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFhas remained the main etiological agent of candidiasis, challenges clinicians with high mortality and morbidity. The emergence of resistance to antifungal drugs, toxicity and lower efficacy have all contributed to an urgent need to develop alternative drugs aiming at novel targets in . Targeting the production of virulence factors, which are essential processes for infectious agents, represents an attractive substitute for the development of newer anti-infectives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Objective: Quinazolines and their fused systems are noteworthy in pharmaceutical chemistry due to their wide range of biological activities.
Methods: A direct and efficient approach for the synthesis of new series of fused quinazolines with triazole, thiazole, benzimidazole and tetrazole has been preceded via the reaction of quinazoline thione derivative with halogenated compounds or cyclocondensation of arylidene of quinazoline derivative with heterocyclic amines. Also, dibenzo[b,e][1,4]thiazepine derivatives was synthesized through the reaction of 2,6-bis-(2-chloro-benzylidene)-cyclohexanone with o-aminothiophenol.
Background: Bis-heterocycles especially those containing pyrazole moiety display much better antibacterial activity than mono heterocycles.
Objective: Herein, we synthesised a series of new bis-pyrazoles and investigated their antimicrobial agents.
Methods: A novel series of bis-pyrazole derivatives have been synthesized in good yield by coupling reaction of cyanoacetic acid {4-[(2-cyano-acetyl)-hydrazonomethyl]-benzylidene}-hydrazide with a number of diazonium salts of aromatic amines in DMF in the presence of NaOH.