The Cytological Diagnosis of a Malignant Effusion Is Independent of the Volume of Fluid Processed.

Background: The relationship between pleural fluid volume and cytological diagnosis of malignancy has been often investigated with conflicting conclusions on whether or not a minimum fluid volume should be defined. The primary objective of this retrospective investigation is to evaluate the relationship between fluid volume and cytological diagnosis of malignancy.

Methods: A total of 511 body fluid specimen reports received between January 2018 and December 2019 were examined to investigate the relationship between diagnosis of malignancy to volume and biochemical properties.

Prevalence of non 16/18 high risk human papilloma virus as a quality metric in gynecological cytology.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted pathogen that causes anogenital disease. Cervical screening by cytology and HPV testing (co-testing) are important in prevention of cervical cancer. The Bethesda System category of atypical squamous cells (ASC) is used when a neoplastic process cannot be confidently identified.

Metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma mistaken for cribriform adenocarcinoma of the tongue and minor salivary glands: a case report.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and cribriform adenocarcinoma of the tongue and minor salivary glands (CATMSG) are head and neck tumors that share many histologic features and can be difficult to differentiate based on morphology alone. We report a case of a tongue base mass initially diagnosed as CATMSG, which after further ancillary studies, was found to be metastatic PTC. Due to the significant differences in patient management, we review the literature and recommend routine immunohistochemical testing with thyroid transcription factor-1 and thyroglobulin.

A Rare Case of Ectopic Colonic Mucosa Presenting With Airway Compromise in a Neonate.

This case report documents a rare and unique presentation of an oropharyngeal duplication cyst and subsequent neonatal airway management. A one-day-old premature female presented with postpartum respiratory distress requiring emergent intubation secondary to an oropharyngeal mass of the left tongue. After being stabilized and transferred to an academic center, imaging revealed a cystic lesion that was then marsupialized and drained by the otolaryngology team.

Negative loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) following cervical biopsy diagnosis of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.

Context: Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) is commonly performed after cervical biopsy diagnosis of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL/CIN2 or CIN 3). Histological and immunohistochemical assessments are made to differentiate reactive and metaplastic changes from dysplastic changes. A Human Papillomavirus (HPV) test is used for prognostic assessment after conization.

Effect of single operator cholangioscopy on accuracy of bile duct cytology.

Introduction: This is the first study to evaluate the accuracy of bile duct brushings since the introduction of single operator cholangioscopy SpyGlass DS system in 2015. The primary aim of our study was to compare the accuracy of cytology brushings against biopsies obtained at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and cholangioscopy.

Method: A retrospective search for bile duct brushing specimens was performed and the charts reviewed.

A novel diagnostic approach for pneumonia using fine-needle aspiration, electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy and rapid on-site evaluation.

Cavitary lung lesions are common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infections. Both atypical infections and thoracic malignancies can manifest as a cavitary pulmonary lesion. Standard bronchoscopy is commonly used to evaluate these abnormalities but is limited in its ability to fully assess for cancer and infection.

Metastatic urachal carcinoma in bronchial brush cytology.

Urachal carcinoma is rare comprising less than 1% of all bladder carcinomas. Metastases of urachal carcinoma have been reported to meninges, brain, ovary, lung, and maxilla. Cytologic features of metastatic urachal carcinoma have not been previously reported.

Update on fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a broad term that includes liver diseases characterized by abnormal hepatocellular accumulations of lipid that cannot be related to alcohol abuse. It may be found in both adults and children, particularly those who are obese or have insulin resistance. Steatohepatitis is a specific pattern of injury within the spectrum of NAFLD and this pattern is associated with fibrotic progression and cirrhosis.