A novel fuzzy three-valued logic computational framework in machine learning for medicine dataset.

For consideration of uncertainties of a medicine dataset, a new conceptual architecture fuzzy three-valued logic is introduced in this research work. The proposed concept is applied to the heart disease dataset for the assessment of heart disease risk in individuals. By comparison of three binary (0,1) input variables, the variables' uncertainties and their collective impact can be analyzed that provide complete information leading to better outcome prediction.

Rapunzel syndrome leading to acute intestinal obstruction in a teenager: A rare case report.

Introduction And Importance: Trichobezor is a mass of accumulated ingested hair in the gastric lumen. Rapunzel syndrome is an extension of these bezoars beyond the pylorus. The formation of trichobezoar is invariably linked to trichotillomania and trichophagia.

THE DICHOTOMY BETWEEN HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN-27 AND MICROALBUMIN: COVARIATE OF EARLY DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY.

Background: Heat shock protein-27 is the microprotein released from renal parenchyma during diabetic oxidative stress, while microalbumin is the plasma protein that appears in urine in diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted from Jan to Sep 2021 in the Physiology department, BMC, BMCH, Quetta. The current study included 105 patients with an age range from 30-50 years and was divided into three groups: i) a control group of healthy participants, ii) a diabetic risk group: participants without signs of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic duration from 1-5 years, iii) diabetic nephropathy group: participants having >30 mg/dl of v microalbumin in urine and diabetic duration from 5-10 years.

An uncommon presentation of persistent Mullerian duct syndrome: A 27-year-old male with Transverse Testicular Ectopia.

Introduction And Importance: Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome is an exceptional genetic condition that occurs secondary to mutations in AMH and AMHR-II. The individuals with this condition exhibit well-developed secondary sexual characteristics despite having a uterus and fallopian tubes. The case mentioned here was worth reporting due to the scarcity of prevalence of PMDS.

Chitosan-mediated copper nanohybrid attenuates the virulence of a necrotrophic fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina.

This study reported the synthesis and characterization of chitosan-copper nanoparticles (Ch-CuNPs) using a 1% copper sulfate solution in 0.2% w/v chitosan. The Ch-CuNPs, displaying a stable brick-red hue, showed an absorption peak at 572 nm, indicative of monodisperse nanoparticle formation and surface plasmon resonance.

A rare adult presentation of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) in 38-year female with exclusive spinal involvement.

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare, autoinflammatory bone disorder most often seen in children and adolescents characterized by recurrent episodes of sterile osteolytic osseous lesions. Diagnosing CRMO requires the exclusion of other conditions, which is often challenging due to its varied presentations and progression. However, adult-onset CRMO and exclusive spinal cases are extremely rare events, highlighting the importance of this case Our case presents a 38-year-old female with chronic back pain for 6 months of postepidural anesthesia during a C-section.

YouTube as a learning modality for clinical procedures among medical and dental students: A study in public sector teaching institutes.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and analyse the influence of YouTube as a learning modality for clinical procedures among medical and dental students in a public-sector setting.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the medical and dental constituent institutes of Jinnah Sindh Medical University and Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre between August and October 2023, and comprised undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students of either gender aged 18-40 years. Data was collected using a self-administered, structured, closed-ended 16-item questionnaire, which was developed in the English language and explored the usage of YouTube as a source of information about medical and dental clinical procedures.

Huntington's Disease-Related Mortality Patterns: A Two-Decade Analysis of Mortality Trends in the United States, from 1999-2019.

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder debilitating mainly in adults.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the trends in HD-related mortality regarding various demographic factors.

Methods: Death certificates from the CDC WONDER were studied from 1999 to 2019, for HD-related mortality in adults aged 25 + years.

Ticagrelor monotherapy after short duration of dual antiplatelet therapy compared to continued dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions: an updated meta-analysis.

Background: The optimum duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remains controversial. Ticagrelor monotherapy after short duration of DAPT (1-3 months) is a subject of research. We conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the ticagrelor monotherapy with continued DAPT after short duration of DAPT in patients with ACS undergoing PCI.

The unmet needs of menopausal women in primary care.

Background: The average age for menopause is 51 years, this is preceded by a transitional perimenopausal stage, with vasomotor symptoms, muscular and joint pain, lowered libido and disordered sleep, impacting on mental health. In some women, the quality of life is considerably affected. This remains under-reported.

An eminent approach towards next generation solvents for sustainable packaging and stability of enzymes: a comprehensive study of ionic liquid and deep eutectic solvent mixtures.

Hybrid ionic fluids (HIFs) are newly emerging and fascinating sustainable solvent media, which are attracting a great deal of scientific interest in protecting the native structure of proteins. For a few decades, there has been a demand to consider ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as biocompatible solvent media for enzymes; however, in some cases, these solvent media also show limitations. Therefore, this work focuses on synthesising novel HIFs to intensify the properties of existing ILs and DESs by mixing them.

Sustainable combination of ionic liquid and deep eutectic solvent for protecting and preserving of the protein structure: The synergistic interaction of enzymes and eco-friendly hybrid ionic fluids.

Hybrid ionic fluids (HIFs) are one of the emerging and fascinating sustainable solvent media, a novel environment-friendly solvent for biomolecules. The HIFs have been synthesized by combining a deep eutectic solvent (DES), an ionic liquid (IL) having a common ion. The stability and activity of hen's egg white lysozyme (Lyz) in the presence of a recently designed new class of biocompatible solvents, HIFs have been explored by UV-visible, steady-state fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) along with dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements.

Navigating the evolving landscape of HFpEF management: A detailed look at key ACC/AHA/ESC guideline updates.

Heart failure, a growing concern in the United States, significantly impacts both morbidity and mortality. Classified by ejection fraction, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) now accounts for half of all cases and is steadily rising. Unlike its counterpart, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), HFpEF lacks clear management guidelines.

Fuzzy machine learning logic utilization on hormonal imbalance dataset.

In this research work, a novel fuzzy data transformation technique has been proposed and applied to the hormonal imbalance dataset. Hormonal imbalance is ubiquitously found principally in females of reproductive age which ultimately leads to numerous related medical conditions. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of them.

Powering the Future by Iron Sulfide Type Material (FeS) Based Electrochemical Materials for Water Splitting and Energy Storage Applications: A Review.

Water electrolysis is among the recent alternatives for generating clean fuels (hydrogen). It is an efficient way to produce pure hydrogen at a rapid pace with no unwanted by-products. Effective and cheap water-splitting electrocatalysts with enhanced activity, specificity, and stability are currently widely studied.

Trends in incidence and clinical outcome of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction in patients with amyloidosis in the United States, 2010-2020.

Study Objective: To assess temporal changes in clinical profile and in-hospital outcome of patients with amyloidosis presenting with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI.

Design/setting: We conducted a retrospective observational study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2020.

Main Outcomes: Primary outcome of interest was trend in adjusted in-hospital mortality in patients with amyloidosis presenting with NSTEMI from 2010 to 2020.

A multiscale approach reveals the molecular architecture of the autoinhibited kinesin KIF5A.

Kinesin-1 is a microtubule motor that transports cellular cargo along microtubules. KIF5A is one of three kinesin-1 isoforms in humans, all of which are autoinhibited by an interaction between the motor and an IAK motif in the proximal region of the C-terminal tail. The C-terminal tail of KIF5A is ∼80 residues longer than the other two kinesin-1 isoforms (KIF5B and KIF5C) and it is unclear if it contributes to autoinhibition.

Drug-Eluting Bead, Irinotecan (DEBIRI) Therapy for Refractory Colorectal Liver Metastasis: A Systematic Review.

Colorectal cancer and related mortality present a profound challenge in its management, even in this modern age. Even today, colorectal cancer-related deaths rank third in the world. Despite having multiple lines of chemotherapy, combined with radiotherapy and chemoembolization techniques, after or before surgical resection, the five-year survival rate is approximately 20%.

Rapidly Evolving SARS-CoV-2: A Brief Review Regarding the Variants and their Effects on Vaccine Efficacies.

Since the commencement of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has resulted in millions of mortalities globally, the efforts to minimize the damages have equally been up to the task. One of those efforts includes the mass vaccine development initiative targeting the deadly Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). So far, vaccines have tremendously decreased the rate of transmission and infection in most parts of the world.

An integrated docking and molecular dynamics simulation approach to discover potential inhibitors of activin receptor-like kinase 1.

Activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) is a transmembrane receptor involved in crucial signaling pathways associated with angiogenesis and vascular development. Inhibition of ALK1 signaling has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for various angiogenesis-related diseases, including cancer and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. This study aimed to investigate the potential of phytoconstituents as inhibitors of ALK1 using a combined approach of virtual screening and molecular dynamics (MDs) simulations.

Evaluation and Outcomes of Hearing Loss in Temporal Bone Fractures: A Prospective Study.

Background Fractures of the skull base occur in 3-30% of head injury presentations to the emergency department. Overall, 9-40% of the cases have temporal bone fractures (TBFs). This fracture may disrupt the intervening structures causing edema, hematoma, bleeding, hearing loss, dizziness, cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea, and facial nerve paralysis.

Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment on Cardiovascular Disease Associated Mortality and Morbidity: A Systematic Review.

The association between untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well known. In this literature review, we aim to review the existing literature on treatment effects of OSA and its impact on CVD morbidity and mortality, stratified by gender. We systematically reviewed PubMed, Medline, and Scopus per PRISMA guidelines and included 25 studies in the final review.