Effect of oxygenation modalities among patients with postoperative respiratory failure: a pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Postoperative respiratory failure is associated with increased perioperative complications. Our aim is to compare outcomes between non-invasive ventilation (NIV), high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), and standard oxygen in patients at high-risk for or with established postoperative respiratory failure.

Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were reviewed from inception to September 2019.

Use of glucocorticoids in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common and disabling disease with high rates of mortality and morbidity. The role of steroids in treating ARDS remains controversial. We aim to examine the evidence behind using glucocorticoids in the management of ARDS from the available studies.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus.

Context: The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains controversial because most randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been small or have reported low doses of vitamin D.

Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis of RCTs testing vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of T2DM.

Data Sources: Database search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was performed by 2 reviewers from inception through September 15, 2019.

Targeted Temperature Management in Cardiac Arrest Patients With an Initial Non-Shockable Rhythm: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Targeted temperature management (TTM) is now recommended for patients presenting with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, there are limited data that support its use in patients with an initial non-shockable rhythm (NSR).

Methods: A literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase was conducted by two independent authors for studies that compared TTM along with standard care versus standard care alone in treating cardiac arrest with initial NSR.

Optimal timing of coronary intervention in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest without ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Performing immediate coronary angiography (CAG) in patients with a cardiac arrest and a non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) remains a highly debated topic. We performed a meta-analysis aiming to evaluate the influence of immediate, delayed, and no CAG in patients with cardiac arrest and NSTEMI.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review of Pubmed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase was performed for all studies that compared immediate CAG to delayed or no CAG in the setting of cardiac arrest and NSTEMI.

The role of anticoagulation in venous thromboembolism primary prophylaxis in patients with malignancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with cancer. As such, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated anticoagulants as primary prophylaxis against VTE in cancer patients.

Methods: Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were screened for all RCTs that used anticoagulation therapy in cancer patients for primary prevention of VTE.

Aspirin Efficacy in Primary Prevention: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: The role of aspirin as a means of primary prevention remains controversial.

Aim: We have conducted a meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the role of aspirin in primary prevention.

Methods: Literature search was performed via PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for all related RCTs.