Hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Integration of composites and bioactive hydrogels loaded with hDPSCs.

Bone tissue regeneration remains a significant challenge in clinical settings due to the complexity of replicating the mechanical and biological properties of bone environment. This study addresses this challenge by proposing a hybrid scaffold designed to enhance both bioactivity and physical stability for bone tissue regeneration. This research is the fisrt to develop a rigid 3D structure composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA) integrated with a bioink containing human dental pulp stem/stromal cells (hDPSCs), alginate, nHA and collagen (Col).

Ectopic thyroid adenoma diagnosed in a Senegal seabream (Diplodus bellottii, Steindachner 1882): Towards an accurate diagnosis.

Thyroid tissue in teleosts is located mainly in the pharyngeal region, usually reaching other adjacent anatomical locations. Herein, a nodular lesion located in the left operculum of a Senegal seabream (Diplodus bellottii) was surgically excised and sent for microscopical evaluation. Microscopically, the lesion presented irregular borders and consisted in columnar epithelial cells arranged in a tubulopapillary pattern, surrounding a central lumen filled with acellular, acidophilic and homogeneous, material ('colloid').

Bioprospecting of Metabolites from Actinomycetes and their Applications.

Actinomycetes are present in various terrestrial and aquatic habitats, predominantly in the soil rhizosphere, encompassing marine and freshwater ecosystems. These microorganisms exhibit characteristics that resemble both bacteria and fungi. Numerous actinomycetes exhibit a mycelial existence and undergo significant morphological transformations.

Biological Synthesis, Characterization, and Therapeutic Potential of -Mediated Gold Nanoparticles.

Green-synthesized gold nanoparticles demonstrate several therapeutic benefits due to their safety, non-toxicity, accessibility, and ecological acceptance. In our study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were created using an extracellular extract from the fungus (). The reaction color was observed to be a reddish pink after a 24 h reaction, demonstrating the synthesis of the nanoparticles.

Engineering siRNA therapeutics: challenges and strategies.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a potential method of gene silencing to target specific genes. Although the U.S.

Myco-Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Bioactive Role against Pathogenic Microbes.

Nanotechnology based on nanoscale materials is rapidly being used in clinical settings, particularly as a new approach for infectious illnesses. Recently, many physical/chemical approaches utilized to produce nanoparticles are expensive and highly unsafe to biological species and ecosystems. This study demonstrated an environmentally friendly mode of producing nanoparticles (NPs) where has been employed for generation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were further tested for their antimicrobial potentials against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms.

Repurposing Benztropine, Natamycin, and Nitazoxanide Using Drug Combination and Characterization of Gastric Cancer Cell Lines.

Gastric cancer (GC) ranked as the fifth most incident cancer in 2020 and the third leading cause of cancer mortality. Surgical prevention and radio/chemotherapy are the main approaches used in GC treatment, and there is an urgent need to explore and discover innovative and effective drugs to better treat this disease. A new strategy arises with the use of repurposed drugs.

Gamma Irradiation Processing on 3D PCL Devices-A Preliminary Biocompatibility Assessment.

Additive manufacturing or 3D printing applying polycaprolactone (PCL)-based medical devices represents an important branch of tissue engineering, where the sterilization method is a key process for further safe application in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the authors intend to access the most suitable gamma radiation conditions to sterilize PCL-based scaffolds in a preliminary biocompatibility assessment, envisioning future studies for airway obstruction conditions. Three radiation levels were considered, 25 kGy, 35 kGy and 45 kGy, and evaluated as regards their cyto- and biocompatibility.

spp. in the Stomach of Cats: Successful Colonization and Absence of Relevant Histopathological Alterations Reveals High Adaptation to the Host Gastric Niche.

In addition to , many non- Helicobacters (NHPH) are able to cause gastric disease in humans. Cats are a natural reservoir for many of these species. Accordingly, living in close and intimate contact with animals has been identified as a risk factor, and an important zoonotic significance has therefore been attributed to NHPH.

Fatal congenital and traumatic cervical spine injuries in a captive newborn plains zebra ().

Background: In this report, we describe the clinical, macro-, and microscopic findings of a newborn zebra victim of a fatal trauma and its possible causes are discussed in detail.

Case Description: A plains zebra () born in a Portuguese zoo was found in hypothermia and unable to get up. The animal was admitted to the hospital 36 hours later and, after the first hour of treatment and no attempts to get up, it began to convulse and died.

In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of PLLA-316L Stainless Steel Electromechanical Devices for Bone Tissue Engineering-A Preliminary Study.

Bone injuries represent a major social and financial impairment, commonly requiring surgical intervention due to a limited healing capacity of the tissue, particularly regarding critical-sized defects and non-union fractures. Regenerative medicine with the application of bone implants has been developing in the past decades towards the manufacturing of appropriate devices. This work intended to evaluate medical 316L stainless steel (SS)-based devices covered by a polymer poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) coating for bone lesion mechanical and functional support.

Nipple Hibernoma in a Dog: A Case Report With Literature Review.

This report provides a clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical description of an unusual hibernoma (pale cell variant) in the subepidermal area of the nipple of a six-year-old bitch. Furthermore, an extensive literature review of hibernomas in animals was made. Physical examination revealed a nodular lesion in the subepidermal area of the third nipple of the left mammary chain.

Efficacy of nanoparticles as nanofertilizer production: a review.

Owing to the ever-increasing demand for food, the growing global population has forced farmers to increase fertilizer use. The overall use of fertilizers increased by 13 times between 1950 and 2020, from 15 to 194 million tons. Due to the resource shortages of chemical fertilizers on the market, agricultural costs are rising drastically every day because they cause an adverse impact on the environment by releasing chemical particulates and run-off agriculture.

Nanoparticles as Novel Emerging Therapeutic Antibacterial Agents in the Antibiotics Resistant Era.

Microorganisms are highly resistant to the antibiotics that are commonly used and thus are becoming serious public health problem. There is an urgent need for new approaches to monitor microbial behavior, and hence, nanomaterial can be a very promising solution. Nanotechnology has led to generation of novel antimicrobial agents such as gold, silver, zinc, copper, poly-£-lysine, iron, and chitosan which have shown remarkable potential, demonstrating their applicability as proficient antibiotic agents against various pathogenic bacterial species.

Relevance of Nanomaterials in Food Packaging and its Advanced Future Prospects.

Biopolymers have been used in packaged foods to tackle environmental hazards due to their biodegradability and non-toxic nature. In addition to these merits, they have also several demerits such as poor mechanical properties and low resistance towards water. Nanomaterials have attracted great interest in recent years due to their phenomenal properties that makes them precedent in applications for food packaging as they enhance the mechanical, thermal and gas barriers properties, without compromising with the ability to become non-toxic and biodegradable.

Rat Olfactory Mucosa Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (OM-MSCs): A Characterization Study.

Stem/stromal cell-based therapies are a branch of regenerative medicine and stand as an attractive option to promote the repair of damaged or dysfunctional tissues and organs. Olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem/stromal cells have been regarded as a promising tool in regenerative therapies because of their several favorable properties such as multipotency, high proliferation rate, helpful location, and few associated ethical issues. These cells are easily accessible in the nasal cavity of most mammals, including the rat, can be easily applied in autologous treatments, and do not cope with most of the obstacles associated with the use of other stem cells.

Mesenchymal Stem/ Stromal Cells metabolomic and bioactive factors profiles: A comparative analysis on the umbilical cord and dental pulp derived Stem/ Stromal Cells secretome.

Mesenchymal Stem/ Stromal Cells assume a supporting role to the intrinsic mechanisms of tissue regeneration, a feature mostly assigned to the contents of their secretome. A comparative study on the metabolomic and bioactive molecules/factors content of the secretome of Mesenchymal Stem/ Stromal Cells derived from two expanding sources: the umbilical cord stroma and the dental pulp is presented and discussed. The metabolic profile (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy) evidenced some differences in the metabolite dynamics through the conditioning period, particularly on the glucose metabolism.

Association analysis and allelic distribution of deletion in CC chemokine receptor 5 gene (CCR5Δ32) among breast cancer patients of Pakistan.

Chemokine CC receptor type 5 (CCR5) is a cell surface receptor that has high affinity for chemotropic cytokines called chemokines. The CCR5 gene contains a 32 base pairs (bp) deletion (CCR5Δ32). This deletion may result in a malformed and nonfunctional receptor, reported to be responsible for the development and dissemination of different cancers.

Association and implications in triple negative and triple positive breast cancer: Relationship with sociodemographic and reproductive factors in Pakistan.

Background & Objectives: Triple negative and triple positive breast cancer have adverse effects than other types of breast cancer. However, triple negative has poor prognosis with short survival as compared with triple positive breast cancer. Good prognosis is one of the key factors for successful treatment trial.

Equine ocular mast cell tumor: histopathological and immunohistochemical description.

This report describes an ocular mast cell tumor in a 13-year-old female sport horse. Clinical examination revealed a solitary firm mass located in the ocular mucosa, protruding from behind the left lower eyelid. The lesion was surgically removed and submitted to histopathology.

Toxicity and immunomodulatory efficacy of biosynthesized silver myconanosomes on pathogenic microbes and macrophage cells.

Silver myconanosomes prepared from Alternaria brassicae may exhibit potential antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity due to their inimitable character. The prepared myconanosomes were characterized by using differential light scattering, zeta potential, UV-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopic analyses. Mycologically produced AgNPs were found as spherical and irregular shaped measuring size range between 55.

Molecular characterization of CD44/CD24/Ck/CD45 cells in benign and malignant breast lesions.

Breast cancer epithelial cells with the CD44/CD24 phenotype possess tumor-initiating cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) capacity. Massive parallel sequencing can be an interesting approach to deepen the molecular characterization of these cells. We characterized CD44/CD24/cytokeratin(Ck)/CD45 cells isolated through flow cytometry from 43 biopsy and 6 mastectomy samples harboring different benign and malignant breast lesions.

Molecular Heterogeneity of Canine Cutaneous Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors: A Drawback in the Diagnosis Refinement.

Background/aim: Peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) belong to a very heterogeneous group of neoplasms occurring both in dogs and humans. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histological and immunohistochemical features of canine cutaneous PNSTs contributing to further refine their diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: The histopathological phenotype and biological behavior of 40 canine cutaneous PNSTs were evaluated and vimentin, S-100, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Ki-67 immunoreactivity were assessed.

Inflammatory response to dextrin-based hydrogel associated with human mesenchymal stem cells, urinary bladder matrix and Bonelike granules in rat subcutaneous implants.

Increasing relevance has been attributed to hydrogels due to their ability to provide an extracellular matrix (ECM)-like environment for cellular adhesion and proliferation, acting as mechanical scaffolds for tissue remodeling or as delivery matrices. In vivo biocompatibility of a hybrid dextrin hydrogel produced from oxidized dextrin and adipic acid dihydrazide and its combinations with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), ECM from a porcine bladder (urinary bladder matrix) and ceramic granules (Bonelike), was evaluated following ISO 10993 after subcutaneous implantation in a rat model. Histological analysis after 3 and 15 d showed typical acute and chronic inflammatory responses, respectively, with a more severe reaction exhibited whenever the ceramic granules were present.

Extracellular mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their microbicidal activity.

Myconanotechnology, a combination of mycology and nanotechnology that deals with the synthesis of nanoparticles using fungi or their metabolites, has great potential in the area of agriculture owing to the high surface-to-volume ratio and excellent biomedical, electronic, mechanical and physicochemical properties of these myconanoparticles. Extracellular mycosynthesis of Aspergillus flavus (KF934407) silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was performed, which were produced by redox reaction. Furthermore, the extracellular synthesised AgNPs were characterised by ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry, differential light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy.