Isolated muscle involvement in hydatid cyst.

Although hydatid cyst, caused by , can develop in any part of the body, involvement of the liver and lung represents approximately 90% of all cases. Involvement of the musculoskeletal system is comparatively rare. Diagnosis is difficult because symptoms are non-specific.

Serum chitotriosidase and YKL-40 in acute pancreatitis: Reliability as prognostic marker for disease severity and correlation with inflammatory markers.

Background/aim: Chitotriosidase and YKL-40, also called chitinase 3-like protein 1, are homologs of family 18 glycosyl hydrolases, secreted by human macrophages and granulocytes under inflammatory conditions. Although increased levels of chitotriosidase and YKL-40 are linked with several inflammatory diseases, the physiological utility of these two enzymes is still not fully characterized. This study aims to analyse the serum YKL-40 and chitotriosidase levels of acute pancreatitis patients to assess whether their activity correlates with acute pancreatitis and its severity.

The Association Between Delayed Graft Function and Renal Resistive Index in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Background and objectives Delayed graft function (DGF) may increase the risk for kidney graft dysfunction. Renal resistive index (RRI) in Doppler ultrasonography is useful in measuring blood flow changes in kidneys which is indicative of tubulointerstitial damage. Most of the diseases in DGF etiology are related to tubulointerstitium and arteries of the kidneys.

Effect of vitamin D deficiency on spatial contrast sensitivity function.

Clinical Relevance: Vitamin D has regulatory effects on non-skeletal tissues including neurons. The contrast sensitivity function occurs as a result of interaction between retinal neurons.

Background: The association between plasma vitamin D deficiency and contrast sensitivity function was investigated.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is a better biomarker than cystatin C for the prediction of imminent acute kidney injury in critically ill patients.

Aims The prevention of acute kidney injury can be lifesaving for the intensive care unit patients. However, conventional methods are not sufficient for the prediction of the risk of future acute kidney injury. In this study, the promising biomarker, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, was compared with cystatin C as an indicator for the risk of future acute kidney injury.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels during the first 48 hours of intensive care may indicate upcoming acute kidney injury.

Purpose: The recognition of acute kidney injury (AKI) as early as possible is important in the intensive care unit. This study proposes that serum and urine levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) may be used for this purpose.

Methods: One hundred and seven critically ill adult patients with no previous renal failure were included.