A girl with 45,X/46,XX Turner syndrome and salt wasting form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to regulatory changes.

The incidence of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is 1:10,000 - 16,000 worldwide, of which 90% occurs in the CYP21A2 gene coding for steroid 21-hydroxylase. On the other hand, Turner's syndrome, with an incidence of 1:2500, is a form of gonadal dysgenesis which leads to early ovarian failure and other phenotypic changes such as webbed neck, widely-spaced nipples and short stature. Here, we present a girl suffering from both 45,X/46,XX Turner's syndrome and salt wasting (SW) form of CAH.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a demyelinating disease caused by JC virus, an opportunistic infection of the central nervous system. Although the majority of cases are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), other immunocompromised patients are also at risk. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase is an enzyme in the purine salvage pathway that reversibly converts inosine to hypoxanthine and guanosine to guanine.