Improvement of autistic-like behaviors in adult rats prenatally exposed to valproic acid through early suppression of orexin receptor.

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a disabling psychiatric disease characterized by impairments in communication and social skills. The pathophysiology of autism is complex and not fully known. Considering the incidence of sleep disorders in individuals with ASD and the important role of orexin in sleep, it is possible to hypothesize that an alteration of the orexinergic system could be implicated in the pathogenesis of autism symptoms.

Fecal Helicobacter pylori glmM and 16S rRNA genes correlate with serum TNF-α and IL-1β cytokine fluctuations.

The proinflammatory cytokines of TNF-α and IL-1β have been reported to be increased in gastric mucosal surfaces in people with Helicobacter pylori infection. Accordingly, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the presence of H. pylori genes and the serum oscillations of these cytokines.

The Effects of Dietary Supplements of Calcium, Vitamin D and Estrogen Hormone on Serum Levels of OPG and RANKL Cytokines and their Relationship with Increased Bone Density in Rats.

Introduction: Osteoprotegerin (OPG)-Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) pathway is one of the contributing factors in the regulation of osteogenesis and bone resorption routes.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of various dietary supplements on this pathway.

Materials And Methods: The samples for this study (24 newborn rats) were divided in three groups according to the experiment applied for each group.