Hypoglycemic activity and metabolite diversity of Archangium sp. UTMC 4535 with the first report on magnodelavin biosynthesis by bacteria.

Diabetes has been declared an epidemy by the World Health Organization and represents a significant metabolic comorbidity. Given the promising pharmaceutical activities of myxobacterial secondary metabolites, we investigated the inhibitory potential of compounds from the soil myxobacterium Archangium sp. UTMC4535, leading to the identification of magnodelavin C, a guaiane sesquiterpene lactone.

Discovery and Biosynthesis of Persiathiacins: Unusual Polyglycosylated Thiopeptides Active Against Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis.

Thiopeptides are ribosomally biosynthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) that potently inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria by targeting multiple steps in protein biosynthesis. The poor pharmacological properties of thiopeptides, particularly their low aqueous solubility, has hindered their development into clinically useful antibiotics. Antimicrobial activity screens of a library of Actinomycetota extracts led to discovery of the novel polyglycosylated thiopeptides persiathiacins A and B from sp.

Automated identification of toxigenic cyanobacterial genera for water quality control purposes.

Cyanobacteria are the dominating microorganisms in aquatic environments, posing significant risks to public health due to toxin production in drinking water reservoirs. Traditional water quality assessments for abundance of the toxigenic genera in water samples are both time-consuming and error-prone, highlighting the urgent need for a fast and accurate automated approach. This study addresses this gap by introducing a novel public dataset, TCB-DS (Toxigenic Cyanobacteria Dataset), comprising 2593 microscopic images of 10 toxigenic cyanobacterial genera and subsequently, an automated system to identify these genera which can be divided into two parts.

Manipulation and epigenetic control of silent biosynthetic pathways in actinobacteria.

Most biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of Actinobacteria are either silent or expressed less than the detectable level. The non-genetic approaches including biological interactions, chemical agents, and physical stresses that can be used to awaken silenced pathways are compared in this paper. These non-genetic induction strategies often need screening approaches, including one strain many compounds (OSMAC), reporter-guided mutant selection, and high throughput elicitor screening (HiTES) have been developed.

Modulation of proteins by rare earth elements as a biotechnological tool.

Although rare earth element (REE) complexes are often utilized in bioimaging due to their photo- and redox stability, magnetic and optical characteristics, they are also applied for pharmaceutical applications due to their interaction with macromolecules namely proteins. The possible implications induced by REEs through modification in the function or regulatory activity of the proteins trigger a variety of applications for these elements in biomedicine and biotechnology. Lanthanide complexes have particularly been applied as anti-biofilm agents, cancer inhibitors, potential inflammation inhibitors, metabolic elicitors, and helper agents in the cultivation of unculturable strains, drug delivery, tissue engineering, photodynamic, and radiation therapy.

Augmented antiviral activity of chlorhexidine gluconate on herpes simplex virus type 1, H1N1 influenza A virus, and adenovirus in combination with salicylic acid.

Background: The excessive usage of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial reagent can have a negative impact on the environment and on human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of some plant-derived compounds in reducing the CHG concentration required to exert its antiviral activity.

Methods: Antiviral assays were conducted according to EN 14476 (2019) against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), H1N1 influenza A virus, and adenovirus type 5 (Ad-5) as enveloped and non-enveloped viral models to assess the synergistic interaction of CHG and natural additive compounds.

Mining the soil myxobacteria and finding sources of anti-diabetic metabolites.

Secondary metabolites produced by myxobacterial genera are often characterized as diverse molecules with unique structural properties which drove us to search for myxobacterial source of anti-diabetic drug discovery. In the present study, from 80 soil samples, out of sixty-five observed isolates, 30 and 16 were purified as Myxococcus and non-Myxococcus, respectively. Isolated strains taxonomically belonged to the genera Myxococcus, Corallococcus and Cystobacter, Archangium, Nanocystis, and Sorangium, and some could not be attributed.

Suppression of predominant interfering bacteria in the purification process of myxobacteria.

Background And Objectives: Myxobacteria initially recognized by their complex life cycle and social behavior are progressively explored for their bioactive secondary metabolites. However, isolation of myxobacteria usually is accompanied by bacterial and fungal contaminations due to the direct cultivation of soil on isolation media, which results in severe challenges in the purification of myxobacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to improve their purification techniques from natural samples to the discovery of new biomolecules.

Neurological disorders of COVID-19: insights to applications of natural products from plants and microorganisms.

In addition to the typical respiratory manifestations, various disorders including involvement of the nerve system have been detected in COVID-19 ranging from 22 to 36%. Although growing records are focusing on neurological aspects of COVID-19, the pathophysiological mechanisms and related therapeutic methods remain obscure. Considering the increased concerns of SARS-CoV-2 potential for more serious neuroinvasion conditions, the present review attempts to focus on the neuroprotective effects of natural compounds as the principle source of therapeutics inhibiting multiple steps of the SARS-CoV-2 infection cycle.

Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infections: towards quantum dots based management approaches.

Developing numerous nanotechnological designed tools to monitor the existence of SARS-CoV-2, and modifying its interactions address the global needs for efficient remedies required for the management of COVID-19. Herein, through a multidisciplinary outlook encompassing different fields such as the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2, analysis of symptoms, and statistics of neurological complications caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in the central and peripheral nervous systems have been testified. The anosmia (51.

Nanomaterial-Augmented Formulation of Disinfectants and Antiseptics in Controlling SARS CoV-2.

The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant consideration toward innovative strategies for overcoming the viral spread. Nanotechnology will change our lives in several forms as its uses span from electronics to pharmaceutical procedures. The use of nanoparticles provides a possibility to promote new antiviral treatments with a low possibility of increasing drug resistance compared to typical chemical-based antiviral treatments.

Fruit wrapping kraft coated paper promotes the isolation of actinobacteria using ex situ and in situ methods.

Designing novel isolation methods could enhance the diversification of the available bacterial strains to biotechnology. In this study, the new ex situ and in situ cultivation methods are introduced for the isolation of actinobacteria. In the ex situ experiments, the soil suspension was spread on the isolation media located above some ordinary papers in immediate contact with the slurry of soil substrate and incubated for 16 weeks.

In vitro and in silico pharmaceutical activities of the methylated cyclic pentapeptide, persipeptides.

Aims: The persipeptides were recognized as a promising source of multiple pharmaceutical activities which were revealed following structure-activity prediction and examination in experimental analysis.

Methods And Results: The profile of toxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-ageing activity of persipeptides and the crude extract were evaluated experimentally. The pure Persipeptide A and B revealed a moderate xanthine oxidase inhibition activity at the concentration of 10 µg/ml.

Biodiversity, phylogeny and toxin production profile of cyanobacterial strains isolated from lake Latyan in Iran.

Monitoring toxigenic cyanobacteria in freshwaters is of great importance due to the adverse health impacts on humans and aquatic organisms. Here we studied cyanobacterial occurrence and biodiversity in a drinking water reservoir in Tehran province, Iran. In total, nine different species representing three orders of Synechococcales, Oscillatoriales and Nostocales were isolated and classified into six families and seven genera ranging from 92.

Enhancement of bactericidal effect of Chlorhexidine using choline augmentation as a natural additive.

Background: The long-term use of Chlorhexidine (CHG) at high concentrations has detrimental effects on health and the environment. This research was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial capacity of CHG in the presence of choline as a natural additive to reduce the amount CHG required for the activity.

Methods: The newly obtained formulation was evaluated for its stability and efficiency under physicochemical stresses.

Contribution of machine learning approaches in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Problem: The lately emerged SARS-CoV-2 infection, which has put the whole world in an aberrant demanding situation, has generated an urgent need for developing effective responses through artificial intelligence (AI).

Aim: This paper aims to overview the recent applications of machine learning techniques contributing to prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: A progressive investigation of the recent publications up to November 2020, related to AI approaches towards managing the challenges of COVID-19 infection was made.

Recovery of Persipeptides from Fermentation Broth by Enhanced Adsorption.

Background: Drug discovery process is growing considerably due to the noteworthy resource of natural products. Persipeptides A and B are cyclopeptide antibiotics, which are produced by UTMC 1154. Although extraction of culture broth with the help of solvent has been optimized previously, no effort for extraction of persipeptides has been done yet.

Potential of blockchain approach on development and security of microbial databases.

Approaches developed based on the blockchain concept can provides a framework for the realization of open science. The traditional centralized way of data collection and curation is a labor-intensive work that is often not updated. The fundamental contribution of developing blockchain format of microbial databases includes: 1.

Prominent and emerging anti-diabetic molecular targets.

Diabetes is on the rise across the globe affecting more than 463 million people and crucially increasing morbidities of diabetes-associated diseases. Urgent and immense actions are needed to improve diabetes prevention and treatment. Regarding the correlation of diabetes with many associated diseases, inhibition of the disease progression is more crucial than controlling symptoms.

Physicochemical susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 to disinfection and physical approach of prophylaxis.

The transmission control of the newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the most effective strategy by the absence of its specified vaccine or drug. Although the aerosol mediated transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed, the physicochemical treatment of the biotic and abiotic objects is still the most promising approach in its infection control. The front line of the most effective disinfecting compounds on SARS-CoV-2 implies to be sodium hypochlorite, ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, quaternary ammonium compounds, and phenolic compounds, respectively.

Spectrum of deep learning algorithms in drug discovery.

Deep learning (DL) algorithms are a subset of machine learning algorithms with the aim of modeling complex mapping between a set of elements and their classes. In parallel to the advance in revealing the molecular bases of diseases, a notable innovation has been undertaken to apply DL in data/libraries management, reaction optimizations, differentiating uncertainties, molecule constructions, creating metrics from qualitative results, and prediction of structures or interactions. From source identification to lead discovery and medicinal chemistry of the drug candidate, drug delivery, and modification, the challenges can be subjected to artificial intelligence algorithms to aid in the generation and interpretation of data.

Emerging biosensors in detection of natural products.

Natural products (NPs) are a valuable source in the food, pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental, and many other industrial sectors. Their beneficial properties along with their potential toxicities make the detection, determination or quantification of NPs essential for their application. The advanced instrumental methods require time-consuming sample preparation and analysis.

Awakening the Secondary Metabolite Pathways of Promicromonospora kermanensis Using Physicochemical and Biological Elicitors.

The drug discovery rate is dramatically decreasing due to the rediscovery of known compounds. Genome mining approaches have revealed that a large portion of the actinobacterial genome that encodes bioactive metabolites is cryptic and not expressed under standard lab conditions. In the present study, we aimed to induce antibiotic encoding biosynthetic genes in a member of Micrococcales as a new species of Promicromonospora, Promicromonospora kermanensis, by chemical and biological elicitors as it was considered to produce numerous valuable bioactive metabolites based on the whole genome results.

Hypothetical targets and plausible drugs of coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2.

The world is confronting a dire situation due to the recent pandemic of the novel coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) with the mortality rate passed over 470,000. Attaining efficient drugs evolve in parallel to the understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. The current drugs in the pipeline and some plausible drugs are overviewed in this paper.

Bioprospecting of indigenous myxobacteria from Iran and potential of Cystobacter as a source of anti-MDR compounds.

Drug resistance is a critical issue in future clinical treatment. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is among the pathogens that need indispensable drug-discovery efforts. The myxobacteria are a unique group of bacteria that have recently been regarded for their potency to produce new drugs with high chemical diversity and unusual mode of actions.