Machine-Learning Application for Predicting Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Using Laboratory and Body Composition Indicators.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a significant global health burden without established curative therapies. Early detection and preventive strategies are crucial for effective MASLD management. This study aimed to develop and validate machine-learning (ML) algorithms for accurate MASLD screening in a geographically diverse, large-scale population.

Identifying Risk Indicators of Cardiovascular Disease in Fasa Cohort Study (FACS): An Application of Generalized Linear Mixed-Model Tree.

Background: Today, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most important cause of death around the world. In this study, our main aim was to predict CVD using some of the most important indicators of this disease and present a tree-based statistical framework for detecting CVD patients according to these indicators.

Methods: We used data from the baseline phase of the Fasa Cohort Study (FACS).

Six-Decade Trend Analysis of Life Expectancy at Birth in Asia, Regions of Asia and Iran: A Joinpoint Analysis.

Background: Life expectancy is one of the key indicators for investigating the overall health status of a population. Thus, analyzing the trend of this demographic measure is of great importance for planning health and social services in different societies. In this study, we aimed to model the trends of life expectancy in Asia, regions of Asia, and Iran over the past six decades.

Assessing sex differential in COVID-19 mortality rate by age and polymerase chain reaction test results: an Iranian multi-center study.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the sex differential effect in the COVID-19 mortality by different age groups and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results.

Research Design: In a multicenter cross-sectional study from 55 hospitals in Tehran, Iran, patients were categorized as positive, negative, and suspected cases.

Results: A total of 25,481 cases (14,791 males) were included in the study with a mortality rate of 12.

Trend analysis of disability adjusted life years due to cardiovascular diseases: results from the global burden of disease study 2019.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of global mortality representing about one third of all deaths across the world. The objective of the present study was to model the global trend in disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and its components due to CVD over the past three decades. We also aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between CVD DALY and Human Development Index (HDI) in this period of time.

Assessment of prognostic factors in long-term survival of male and female patients with colorectal cancer using non-mixture cure model based on the Weibull distribution.

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known as one of the malignant form of cells growing in the inner lining of colon and rectum which could seriously affect the cure rate of patients. We aimed to evaluate the effect of prognostic factors on cure fraction of CRC patients.

Methods: A total of 1043 CRC patients were included to the study from December 2001 to January 2007 at the Research Center of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

The Predictive Value of Serum Cytokines for Distinguishing Celiac Disease from Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity and Healthy Subjects.

Background: It has been established that the level of some inflammatory cytokines increases in celiac disease (CD) and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) in comparison with healthy subjects. Therefore, the primary interest in our research was proposing an accurate tool to diagnose patients with CD and NCGS from healthy individuals in an Iranian population.

Methods: The serum samples were examined in 171 participants, including 110 CD patients, 46 healthy individuals, and 15 NCGS.

The Optimal Cut-off Score of the Nijmegen Questionnaire for Diagnosing Hyperventilation Syndrome Using a Bayesian Model in the Absence of a Gold Standard.

Background: The Nijmegen questionnaire is one of the most common tools for diagnosing hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). However, there is no precise cut-off score for differentiating patients with HVS from those without HVS. This study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of Nijmegen questionnaire for detecting patients with HVS and to provide the best cut-off score for differentiating patients with HVS from normal individuals using a Bayesian model in the absence of a gold standard.

Evaluation of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Cystatin C in Early Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease in the Absence of the Gold Standard.

Background: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is considered as a gold standard of kidney function. However, using GFR as the gold standard is not common in clinical practice, because its direct measurement is usually expensive, cumbersome, and invasive. In the present study, we assessed the predictive power of two other biomarkers, Cystatin-C (Cys-C) and Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) for early detection of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in the absence of a gold standard.