Dyssynergic Defecation: A Comprehensive Review on Diagnosis and Management.

About one-third of chronically constipated patients have an evacuation disorder, and dyssynergic defecation is a common cause of the evacuation disorder. In dyssynergic defecation, the coordination between abdominal and pelvic floor muscles during defecation is disrupted and patients cannot produce a normal bowel movement. The etiology of dyssynergic defecation is still unknown.

Cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Wexner questionnaire in patients with functional constipation in an Iranian population.

Aim: The present study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and assess the validity and reliability of the English version of the Wexner questionnaire translated into the Persian language in Iranian patients.

Background: Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders; therefore, it is necessary to utilize an index for both the clinic and research studies.

Methods: In the first phase, the English version of the Wexner questionnaire was translated into the Persian language.