Promising effects of 1,8 Cineole to control Giardia lamblia infection: Targeting the inflammation, oxidative stress, and infectivity.

Reportedly, synthetic drugs such as metronidazole, furazolidone, tinidazole, and quinacrine are used for the treatment of giardiasis but are associated with adverse effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of eucalyptol (ECT, 1,8 cineole) alone and in combination with metronidazole (MNZ) on Giardia lamblia. The effects of ECT on cell viability, plasma membrane permeability, and gene expression levels of adenylate cyclase (AK) and extracellular signal kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK2) in trophozoites of G.

Antileishmanial, cellular mechanisms, and cytotoxic effects of green synthesized zinc nanoparticles alone and in combined with glucantime against Leishmania major infection.

Background: We decided to investigate the antileishmanial, cellular mechanisms, and cytotoxic effects of green synthesized Zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) alone and combined with glucantime against Leishmania major infection.

Methods: The effect of green synthesized ZnNP on L. major amastigote was studied through macrophage cells.

The role of essential oil in controlling acute toxoplasmosis by improving the immune system and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Background: Chemotherapy with synthetic drugs is the principal approach for toxoplasmosis treatment; however, recent studies reported the limitations and adverse side effects of these chemical drugs.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the and effects of essential oil (CLE) against the RH strain.

Methods: The effect of different concentrations of CLE on tachyzoites was assessed by cell viability assay.

A Systematic Review of Curcumin and its Derivatives as Valuable Sources of Antileishmanial Agents.

Background: In recent years, antimonial agents and other synthetic antileishmanial drugs, such as amphotericin B, paromomycin, and many other drugs, have restrictions in use due to the toxicity risk, high cost, and emerging resistance to these drugs. The present study aimed to review the antileishmanial effects of curcumin, its derivatives, and other relevant pharmaceutical formulations on leishmaniasis.

Methods: The present study was carried out according to the 06-preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline and registered in the CAMARADES-NC3Rs Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Facility (SyRF) database.

Copper nanoparticles: Biosynthesis, characterization, and protoscolicidal effects alone and combined with albendazole against hydatid cyst protoscoleces.

Background: Surgery remains the preferred treatment option for hydatid cyst (cystic echinococcosis); however, recent studies have demonstrated that the current protoscolicidal agents used during surgery are associated with some adverse side effects such as biliary fibrosis, hepatic necrosis, and cirrhosis. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro and ex vivo anti-parasitic effects of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) alone and combined with albendazole on hydatid cyst protoscoleces.

Methods: CuNPs was green synthesized using C.

Effect of chitosan on infection: A systematic review.

Background: The preferred treatment for management of toxoplasmosis is the combined use of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine. However, there are a wide number of adverse side effects with these medications. Recent research has focused on the use of chitosan for the treatment of infections.

Prophylactic effects of biogenic selenium nanoparticles on acute toxoplasmosis: An in vivo study.

Background: In this investigation, the in vivo efficacy and safety of biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are assessed against acute toxoplasmosis caused by (Sarcocystidae) in the mice.

Methods: Male NMRI mice were orally treated with normal saline (control group) and SeNPs at the doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg once a day for 14 days On the 15th day, the mice were infected with 10 tachyzoites of RH strain by the intraperitoneal route. The mortality rate and parasite load were determined in the infected mice.

In Vitro and In Vivo Antileishmanial Effects of Pistacia khinjuk against Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major.

The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antileishmanial activities of Pistacia khinjuk Stocks (Anacardiaceae) alcoholic extract and to compare its efficacy with a reference drug, meglumine antimoniate (MA, Glucantime), against Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major. This extract (0-100 µg/mL) was evaluated in vitro against promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of L. tropica (MRHO/IR/75/ER) and then tested on cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in male BALB/c mice with L.

Antileishmanial and cytotoxic effects of essential oil and methanolic extract of Myrtus communis L.

Plants used for traditional medicine contain a wide range of substances that can be used to treat various diseases such as infectious diseases. The present study was designed to evaluate the antileishmanial effects of the essential oil and methanolic extract of Myrtus communis against Leishmania tropica on an in vitro model. Antileishmanial effects of essential oil and methanolic extract of M.