Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in children: a comprehensive survey.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the significance of immunizations, particularly among susceptible populations such as children. This study examines the factors that influence parents' decision to accept or hesitate in vaccinating their children in an urban environment.

Methods: A one-year cross-sectional study was carried out at a paediatric hospital in Tehran, Iran.

Comparative efficacy of pharmaceutical (Ibuprofen) and non-pharmaceutical (photobiomodulation, and chewing gum) interventions for pain reduction after elastomeric separator placement in orthodontic patients: a randomized clinical trial.

This study compared the efficacy of pharmaceutical (ibuprofen) and non-pharmaceutical (photobiomodulation and chewing gum) interventions for pain reduction after elastomeric separator placement in orthodontic patients. This 3-arm, parallel-group randomized clinical trial was conducted on 90 orthodontic patients. The level of anxiety and pain threshold of patients were measured at baseline using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and an algometer, respectively.

Changes in paranasal sinus volumes, temporal bone pneumatization, internal acoustic canal and olfactory cleft dimensions over the centuries: a comparison of skulls from different epochs in Anatolia.

Objectives: Investigating changes in temporal bone pneumatization (TBP) and paranasal sinus volumes (PSV) across different eras may help understanding not only changes in skull anatomy but also pathophysiology of chronic otitis media and sinusitis, respectively, which are common health problems.

Methods: Eight skulls from the second century AD, 20 skulls were from the 10th-11th centuries AD, 20 skulls from the 16th-19th centuries AD, and 60 contemporary skulls were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Using computerized tomography (CT) scans, the PSV were calculated by multiplying the height, width, and antero-posterior distance of the sinuses.

Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic application of extracellular vesicles from plants.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) isolated from animal sources are among the most investigated types of cell-free therapeutic tools to cure different diseases. sEVs have been isolated from a variety of sources, ranging from prokaryotes to animals and plants. Human-derived sEVs have many uses in pre- and clinical studies in medicine and drug delivery, while plant-derived EVs, also known as plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs), have not been widely investigated until the second decade of the 21st century.

Association between alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphisms (rs1229984, rs1573496, rs1154460, and rs284787) and susceptibility to head and neck cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a prevalent and complex group of malignancies with increasing incidence globally. Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) play a crucial role in alcohol metabolism, and their polymorphisms have been linked to HNC risk. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between ADH polymorphisms and susceptibility to HNCs, incorporating additional analyses and adding more studies to increase power and accuracy of the results.

Relationship between the amount of mesial movement of the mandibular first molar and angular changes of the mandibular third molar: A retrospective comparative study in growing patients with and without first premolar extraction.

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to assess the relationship of the amount of mesial movement of mandibular first molar (MFM) and angular changes of the mandibular third molar (MTM) in orthodontic patients. The secondary objective of this study was to compare the obtained values in extraction and non-extraction orthodontic patients.

Material And Methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study were enrolled all the eligible patients (12-16 years) with and without first premolar extraction that met the inclusion criteria.

Role of A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Thrombospondine 4 Gene in Premature Myocardial Infarction among Population of Southern Iran.

Background: Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD) are the leading cause of Myocardial Infarction (MI). However, their underlying etiology can be found in the interplay between environmental and genetic factors. On the other hand, it has been shown that Extracellular Matrix (ECM) proteins, such as Thrombospondins (TSP), play a crucial regulatory role in vascular pathologies, including atherogenesis.

Effect of Serum Level of Vitamin D on External Apical Root Resorption in Maxillary Anterior Teeth in Patients under Fixed Orthodontic Treatment.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the effect of serum level of vitamin D on external apical root resorption (EARR) in maxillary anterior teeth in patients under fixed orthodontic treatment.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort was conducted on patients under fixed orthodontic treatment who were between 12 to 30 years of age. All patients underwent the same treatment technique by the same orthodontist using a 0.

Right ventricular free wall strain for detection of anthracycline induced cardiac toxicity.

Anthracycline agents are routinely used for treatment of many types of malignancy, while imposing the risk for cardiotoxicity (AT-CMP). Although the right ventricle (RV) is more susceptible to cardiotoxicity, most of the studies have focused on left ventricle (LV) function for monitoring AT-CMP. In this study, we have focused on RV function before and after chemotherapy using two-dimensional speckle tracking Echocardiography.

An integrated approach for evaluating and improving the performance of surgical theaters with resilience engineering.

Operating rooms are among the most high-risk and vital parts of a hospital. Therefore, one of the most fundamental tasks of risk management is maintaining the safety of operating rooms. Resilience engineering (RE) can be introduced as a model for overcoming problems, and it seeks ways to raise success rates by focusing on and addressing complexities.

Tooth alignment and pain experience with A-NiTi versus Cu-NiTi: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires are routinely used for initial leveling and alignment of teeth in orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to clinically compare the level of pain and tooth alignment in orthodontic treatment with A-NiTi versus Cu-NiTi archwires.

Methods: In this parallel randomized clinical trial, 88 orthodontic patients (12-25 years) with an irregularity index > 2 mm in the anterior site of the lower dental arch who required non-extraction orthodontic treatment of the lower arch were randomized into two age- and sex-matched groups (n = 44) for treatment with A-NiTi and Cu-NiTi initial archwires.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of diabetics hospitalized for COVID-19 infection: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study.

Some debates exist regarding the association of diabetes mellitus (DM) with COVID-19 infection severity and mortality. In this study, we aimed to describe and compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without DM. In this single-centered, retrospective, observational study, we enrolled adult patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Shariati hospital, Tehran, Iran, from February 25, 2020, to April 21, 2020.

Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and cancer history: a propensity score-matched study.

Background: COVID-19 has caused great concern for patients with underlying medical conditions. We aimed to determine the prognosis of patients with current or previous cancer with either a PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection or a probable diagnosis according to chest CT scan.

Methods: We conducted a case control study in a referral hospital on confirmed COVID-19 adult patients with and without a history of cancer from February to April, 2020.

Predictive value of initial CT scan for various adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Background: Chest computed tomography (CT) scan is frequently used in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Objectives: This study investigates the predictive value of CT severity score (CSS) for length-of-stay (LOS) in hospital, initial disease severity, ICU admission, intubation, and mortality.

Methods: In this retrospective study, initial CT scans of consecutively admitted patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were reviewed in a tertiary hospital.

Effect of bleaching with carbamide peroxide on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets: A meta-analysis of in vitro studies.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bleaching with carbamide peroxide (CP) according to different doses and intervals between bleaching and bonding on shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets.

Methods: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, and Scopus were searched for articles published up to June 2018. After removing the duplicates, two of the authors screened the titles and abstracts independently.

In vitro bleaching effect of hydrogen peroxide with different time of exposition and concentration on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets to human enamel: A meta-analysis of in vitro studies.

Introduction: Controversy exists regarding the effect of bleaching on shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets to enamel. This study aims to do a review and meta-analysis on the effect of bleaching with hydrogen peroxide on SBS according to the interval between bleaching and bonding to human enamel and the concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide.

Methods: An electronic search of the literature was performed in Scopus, PubMed and Cochrane databases including CENTRAL and Cochrane library for relevant in vitro studies on the effect of bleaching with hydrogen peroxide on shear bond strength of human enamel, published until June 2018.

Association of Omentin rs2274907 and FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphisms with insulin resistance in Iranian individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) and fat accumulation in visceral adipose tissue are key players in developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several adipose tissue derived-gene polymorphisms are related to higher body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance and T2D. The association of omentin rs2274907 (Val109Asp) and fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 gene polymorphisms with overweight/obesity and T2D is controversial.

Electrophysiological study of the response of ventral tegmental area non-dopaminergic neurons to nicotine after concurrent blockade of orexin receptor-2 and cannabinoid receptors-1.

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a key brain region, involved in the dependency on nicotine. Studies have shown that orexin and cannabinoids are likely to play an important role in nicotine dependency. In this study, the effect of orexin receptor-2 (OX2R) and cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) blockade were investigated in response to nicotine in male rats, on the neural activity of VTA.

Orexin type-2 receptor blockade prevents the nicotine-induced excitation of nucleus accumbens core neurons in rats: An electrophysiological perspective.

Background: The nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) expresses both orexin and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Orexin is among important neurotransmitters, which regulates addictive properties of drugs of abuse including nicotine. The role of orexin-2 receptor (OX2R) in the regulation of NAcc neural activity in response to nicotine has not yet been studied.

Functional crosstalk of nucleus accumbens CB1 and OX2 receptors in response to nicotine-induced place preference.

In the present study, we have evaluated the existence of functional interaction between orexin-2 receptor (OX2R) and cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R) in the nucleus accumbens core (NAcc), in nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) of Wistar male rat. Nicotine (0.5 mg/kg; s.

Effects of concurrent blockade of OX2 and CB1 receptors in the ventral tegmental area on nicotine-induced place preference in rats.

In this study, the role of orexin-2 (OX2) and cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptors and their potential interaction within the ventral tegmental area (VTA) on nicotine-induced place preference, was examined in male rats. A 5-day conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm was used. Nicotine (0.

The antimicrobial activity of probiotic bacteria isolated from different natural sources against hemorrhagic O157:H7.

Background: Diarrheal diseases have been seen in all geographical areas throughout the world. Therefore, considering treatment, could be deemed a necessary action.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of probiotic bacterial strains isolated from different natural sources against 2 pathotypes of pathogenic

Methods: This cross-sectional study of Martyr Chamran University of Ahvaz was carried out from December 2013 to July 2014.

Clinical comparison of two initial arch wires (A-NiTi and Heat Activated NiTi) for amount of tooth alignment and perception of pain: A randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare two initial arch wires, 0.014″ A-NiTi and 0.016″ Heat Activated NiTi (HANT), for amount of tooth alignment and perception of pain.