A Preliminary Evaluation of the Cultural Appropriateness of the Tuning in to Kids Parenting Program in Germany, Turkey, Iran and China.

: Parenting interventions based on emotion socialization (ES) theory offer an important theoretically driven approach to improve children's emotional competence and behavioral functioning. Whether such approaches are effective in different cultural contexts, and whether the methods of delivery used are appropriate and acceptable, is an important empirical question. This paper reports on the preliminary evaluation of an ES parenting intervention, Tuning in to Kids (TIK), in Germany, Turkey, Iran, and China.