Distributed training of foundation models for ophthalmic diagnosis.

Vision impairment affects nearly 2.2 billion people globally, and nearly half of these cases could be prevented with early diagnosis and intervention-underscoring the urgent need for reliable and scalable detection methods for conditions like diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. Here we propose a distributed deep learning framework that integrates self-supervised and domain-adaptive federated learning to enhance the detection of eye diseases from optical coherence tomography images.

Aberrant alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in the lateral ventricle of knockout rats.

() is a causative gene for genetic hydrocephalus found in hemorrhagic hydrocephalus () mice. The knockout (KO) rat has subcortical heterotopia with frequent brain hemorrhage as seen in mice. In this study, we report aberrant alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in the wall of lateral ventricle of the KO rats.

Antimicrobial properties of Graphene sheets embedded with Titanium Oxide and Calcium Oxide nanoparticles for industrial wastewater treatment.

This study investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of graphene, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs), and calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaONPs) against various microorganisms in dairy wastewater. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of graphene was determined to be 41.66 mg/L for Escherichia coli and 33.

Effect of ultrasound on the physical, biochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of industrial Iranian honey.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ultrasound at two different frequencies, namely 30 kHz and 42 kHz, on various aspects of industrial Iranian honey, including its physical, biochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Samples were subjected to ultrasound treatment at 30 kHz or 42 kHz for a duration of 1, 5 or 10 minutes at temperatures of 20 °C or 45 °C, respectively. The following parameters were then evaluated on days 1, 30, 90, and 180: HMF content, pH, acidity, proline concentration, total number of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, diastase activity, moisture content, sucrose concentration, fructose concentration, glucose concentration, fructose- glucose ratio, ABTS (antioxidant activity) content, number of osmophiles, phenol concentration, reducing sugar concentration and total sugar concentration.

Synergistic Phytochemical and Nanotechnological Exploration of Melia azedarach With Silver Nitrate: Elucidating Multifaceted Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Insecticidal Potentials.

Plants are a rich source of bioactive compounds with significant pharmaceutical and health applications. This study explores the phytochemical, therapeutic, and phytotoxic properties of Melia azedarach by analyzing extracts from its bark, flowers, leaves, and fruits using six solvents: ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane, chloroform, and distilled water. Twenty-one phytochemical tests were conducted, revealing significantly positive results for various tests.

Identifying the zero-dose and under-immunized children in Bangladesh: Approaches and experiences.

This paper presents and elaborates on empirical methods and approaches used to identify Zero-Dose (ZD) and Under-immunized (UI) children as well as the communities that these children reside in within Bangladesh. This paper also describes demand- and supply side-barriers that lead to children being ZD and UI in the country. Time period for the study was December 2022-May 2023.

Perioperative adjuvant therapy with short course of dupilumab with ESS for recurrent CRSwNP.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is associated with a high rate of disease recurrence following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Type 2 disease is associated with a higher incidence of recurrence and is believed to impact disease resolution via interference with epithelial healing and pathogen immunity. We wished to verify if perioperative control of Type 2 inflammation with an anti-IL4/IL13 targeting monoclonal antibody and during the resolution period following surgery leads to better control of the disease long term.

Characterizing Psychological Resources and Resilience in Patients With Bladder Cancer: Associations With Frailty and Quality of Life.

Purpose: Resilience, the ability to maintain or restore baseline function after a stressor, remains unexplored in patients with bladder cancer. Our objective was to demonstrate the feasibility of prospectively characterizing baseline resilience, related psychological resources, and frailty in patients with bladder cancer and evaluate associations with quality-of-life and mental health outcomes over time.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled patients with bladder cancer (N = 67, September 2020-July 2021) into a prospective, observational, cohort study.

Exploring the Effect of Viewing Attributes of Mobile AR Interfaces on Remote Collaborative and Competitive Tasks.

Mobile devices have the potential to facilitate remote tasks through Augmented Reality (AR) solutions by integrating digital information into the real world. Although prior studies have explored Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) for co-located collaboration, none have investigated the impact of various viewing attributes that can influence remote task performance, such as target object viewing angles, synchronization styles, or having a secondary small screen showing other users current view in the MAR environment. In this paper, we explore five techniques considering these attributes, specifically designed for two modes of remote tasks: collaborative and competitive.

Seed Priming with Rhizospheric : A Smart Strategy for Reducing Fumonisin Contamination in Pre-Harvest Maize.

Maize, one of the most important cereal crops in Bangladesh, is severely contaminated by fumonisin, a carcinogenic secondary metabolite produced by including . Biocontrol with strains is an effective approach to controlling this as has proven antagonistic properties against this fungus. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine how native strains can reduce fumonisin in maize cultivated in Bangladesh, where BDISO76MR () strains showed the highest efficacy both in vitro in detached cob and in planta under field conditions.

Prosthetic Joint Infection Complicated by Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia and Tricuspid Valve Infective Endocarditis: A Novel Case Report.

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is defined as an infection involving the prosthesis and surrounding soft tissue and bone that is a difficult complication to treat and is a common cause of revision total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Bacteremia, sepsis, and infective endocarditis (IE) are rare complications in patients who have undergone TJA. We report a rare case where a patient presented with purulent discharge from the left knee joint post-TJA concerning PJI and was found to have methicillin-sensitive bacteremia, tricuspid valve endocarditis, and septic pulmonary emboli.

Job satisfaction and performance among employed Bangladeshi women working from home during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic led to the adoption of telework modalities by individuals in Bangladesh. The study's objective was to determine the job satisfaction and performance level of employed Bangladeshi women working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among women employees of different professions in Dhaka city.

Fear of COVID-19, Health Anxiety and Work-Family Conflict in Nurses Working in the COVID-19 Ward.

Background: COVID-19 is an example of an epidemic and sudden crisis that has affected many aspects of life and work and identifying the factors that contribute to its impact can help prevent similar crises in the future. The purpose of this study was to investigate fear of COVID-19, health anxiety, and work-family conflict in nurses working in COVID-19 wards in hospitals affiliated with the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).

Materials And Methods: This descriptive-analytical study used a census method to survey 226 nurses working in eight hospitals affiliated with TUMS.

Effects of perinatal exposure to daily maximum THI and THI fluctuations on serum total proteins and health of preweaned Holstein heifers raised in a dry climate.

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of the exposure to daily maximum and temperature-humidity index (THI) and to daily THI fluctuations (∆THI = maximum THI-minimum THI) at exposure periods comprising 2 d before birth to birth (-2 d), birth date (0 d), birth to 2 d of age (+2 d), and birth to 7 d of age (+7 d) on serum total proteins (STP), transfer of passive immunity (TPI), and the occurrence of scours and respiratory disease. A total of 841 Holstein heifer calves were retrospectively observed from -2 d until 65 d of age. Colostrum quality was assessed using a colostrometer to ensure a minimum globulin concentration of 52 mg/mL in the colostrum fed to the study calves.

Smart wireless flexible bandage containing drug loaded polycaprolactone microparticles for real-time monitoring and treatment of chronic wounds.

The quality of life is negatively impacted by chronic wounds for more than 25 million people in the US. They are quite prone to infection, which may lead to the eventual loss of a limb. By exposing the ulcers to treatment agents at the appropriate time, the healing rate is increased.

Disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake among rural hard-to-reach population and urban high-risk groups of Bangladesh.

Background: Vaccination has been an indispensable step in controlling the coronavirus disease pandemic. In early 2021, Bangladesh launched a mass vaccination campaign to boost the COVID-19 vaccination rate when doses were available and immunized millions in the country. Although deemed a success, disparities became conspicuous in vaccination coverage across population of different socioeconomic background.

Phase 1/2 Randomized Clinical Trial of In-clinic acupuncture Prior to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in Patients with High-risk Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: Treatment-related dose-limiting dysuria and irritative bladder symptoms are common in patients receiving intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) to treat non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Acupuncture has been shown to reduce pain and urinary urgency/frequency in other patient populations.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and tolerability of weekly in-clinic preprocedural acupuncture among patients receiving induction BCG.

Effect of ultrasound technique to improve quality of Iranian industrial honey by controlling crystallization process.

This experiment aimed to assess the effects of ultrasound techniques on the quality of Iranian industrial honey. Honey samples were subjected to ultrasound waves at different frequencies and various parameters. The results showed that both ultrasound treatments (30 or 42 kHz) changed the physical, biochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial characteristics of honey.

Prevalence of and factors associated with zero-dose and under-immunized children in selected areas of Bangladesh: Findings from Lot Quality Assurance Sampling Survey.

Background: In the era of Gavi's 5.0 vision of "leaving no one behind with immunization", childhood routine vaccination in missed communities is considered as a priority concern. Despite having a success story at the national level, low uptake of immunization is still persistent in selected pocket areas of Bangladesh.

Assessing metal(loid)s-Induced long-term spatiotemporal health risks in Coastal Regions, Bay of Bengal: A chemometric study.

Despite sporadic and irregular studies on heavy metal(loid)s health risks in water, fish, and soil in the coastal areas of the Bay of Bengal, no chemometric approaches have been applied to assess the human health risks comprehensively. This review aims to employ chemometric analysis to evaluate the long-term spatiotemporal health risks of metal(loid)s e.g.

Hypoxia alters the upper thermal limits and blood physiology in zebrafish, Danio rerio.

Hypoxic aquatic environments occur more frequently as a result of climate change, thereby exerting challenges on the physiological and metabolic functions of aquatic animals. In this study, a model fish, zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used to observe the climate-induced hypoxic effect on the upper thermal limit (critical thermal maximum; CTmax), hemoglobin, and blood glucose levels, and abnormalities of erythrocytes at cellular and nuclear level. The value of CTmax decreased significantly under hypoxia (39.

Development of dietary small molecules as multi-targeting treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease.

Cognitive dysfunction can occur both in normal aging and age-related neurological disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). These disorders have few treatment options due to side effects and limited efficacy. New approaches to slow cognitive decline are urgently needed.