Oxidative stress is the common causal link between renal stones and diabetes mellitus in adults.

Objective: To investigate the common risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of renal stones and diabetes mellitus in adults.

Methods: The case-control study was carried out at the urology outpatient department and diabetic clinic of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Hyderabad, Pakistan, from January 2019 to January 2020, and comprised renal stone patients in group A, diabetes mellitus patients in group B and healthy controls in group C. Height and weight were determined for all subjects, followed by calculation of body mass index.

Effect of smoking on serum xanthine oxidase, malondialdehyde, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol levels in healthy male subjects.

Objective: To examine the effect of smoking on serum xanthine oxidase, malondialdehyde, α- tocopherol and ascorbic acid levels in healthy adult male subjects.

Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out at Isra University Hyderabad from July 2012 to December 2012. One hundred and twenty apparently healthy adult male subjects (60 smokers and 60 non-smokers) included in present study, were recruited from Jaindal kot, a small village located midway between Hyderabad and Matiari.

Evaluation of the effect of smoking on complete blood counts, serum C-reactive protein and magnesium levels in healthy adult male smokers.

Objective: To examine the effect of smoking on complete blood count, serum C-reactive protein and magnesium levels in male smokers.

Methods: The prospective case-control study was conducted in two villages of Matiari district in rural Sindh, Pakistan, from July to December 2013, and comprised healthy adult male smokers and an equal number of matching non-smokers as controls.The complete blood count, serum C-reactive protein and magnesium levels in all the subjects were measured to assess the effect of smoking on these parameters.

Effect of smoking on serum xanthine oxidase and malondialdehyde levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of smoking on blood levels of xanthine oxidase and malondialdehyde in acute myocardial infarction patients.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from June to November 2013 and comprised myocardial infarction in-patients at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital, Jamshoro, and Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad. Serum samples from age and gender matched smoking and non-smoking patients were investigated for the levels of xanthine oxidase and malondialdehyde by kit methods.