In-vivo and in-vitro toxicity evaluation of 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline: An antimicrobial found in a traditional herbal medicine.

2,3-dimethylquinoxaline (DMQ) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial phytochemical. This study aims to assess its toxicological profile. In vitro studies conducted in appropriate cell cultures, included assessment of cardiotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity.

Targeting Intracranial Tumours with a Combination of RNA and Chemotherapy.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a fast-growing and aggressive brain tumour, which remains largely resistant to treatment; the prognosis for patients is poor, with a median survival time of about 12-18 months, post diagnosis. In an effort to bring more efficacious treatments to patients, we targeted the down regulation of ITCH, an E3 ligase that is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, and which inhibits P73, a tumour suppressor gene. 6-O-glycolchitosan (GC) was used to deliver siRNA ITCH (GC60-siRNA-ITCH) and gemcitabine via the nose to brain route in CD-1 nude mice which had previously been implanted intracranially with U87-MG-luc2 cells.

Modifications in the Free Gingival Graft Technique: A Systematic Review.

Free gingival grafts (FGGs) have developed beyond covering exposed roots to improve the width and thickness of gingival tissue. While traditional FGGs have shown a high success rate and are easy to apply, they have some drawbacks, such as potential aesthetic concerns and bulky appearance. Recent advancements in FGGs have been explored, with different modifications proposed to overcome these limitations, including partly epithelialized FGGs (PE-FGG), gingival unit grafts, and epithelialized subepithelial connective tissue grafts.

ArHsp90 is important in stress tolerance and embryo development of the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana.

Females of the extremophile crustacean, Artemia franciscana, either release motile nauplii via the ovoviviparous pathway or encysted embryos (cysts) via the oviparous pathway. Cysts contain an abundant amount of the ATP-independent small heat shock protein that contributes to stress tolerance and embryo development, however, little is known of the role of ATP-dependent molecular chaperone, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in the two processes. In this study, a hsp90 was cloned from A.

Dose-dependent delivery of genes to the cerebral cortex via the nasal route.

The use of nucleic acids to treat various brain diseases could offer new therapeutic modalities, providing the nucleic acids may be effectively delivered to areas of the brain using non-toxic vectors. In this study, we present evidence that genes may be successfully delivered in a dose-dependent manner via the nose, primarily to the cerebral cortex using a 6-O-glycolchitosan (GC) formulation of plasmid DNA. Positively charged (zeta potential = +13 - + 25 mV) GC-DNA nanoparticles of 100-500 nm in diameter with favourable cell biocompatibility were shown to deliver the reporter Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) plasmid to the U87MG cell line and the resulting protein expression was not significantly different from that obtained with Lipofectamine 2000.

Pea hull fiber supplementation does not modulate uremic metabolites in adults receiving hemodialysis: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

Background: Fiber is a potential therapeutic to suppress microbiota-generated uremic molecules. This study aimed to determine if fiber supplementation decreased serum levels of uremic molecules through the modulation of gut microbiota in adults undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods: A randomized, double-blinded, controlled crossover study was conducted.

Enhancing Intrusion Detection Systems for IoT and Cloud Environments Using a Growth Optimizer Algorithm and Conventional Neural Networks.

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) play a crucial role in securing networks and identifying malicious activity. This is a critical problem in cyber security. In recent years, metaheuristic optimization algorithms and deep learning techniques have been applied to IDS to improve their accuracy and efficiency.

Prevalence of Nomophobia and Its Impact on Academic Performance Among Respiratory Therapy Students in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Nomophobia has been highly prevalent among health discipline students. However, there is no available data on the prevalence of nomophobia among respiratory therapy (RT) students in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey using the nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q) was conducted and distributed using a convenience sample of RT students through an online platform (Survey Monkey) between September and November 2022.

The Impact of BiLevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) Application Timing on Emergency Room Length of Stay in Patients With Pulmonary Edema: A Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background:  Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) is a form of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) that is used to help and facilitate breathing. Our objective is to evaluate the impact of BiPAP application time on the length of emergency room (ER) stay in pulmonary edema patients.

Method: This is a retrospective cohort study that included patients who presented to the ER at King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC) from June 2019 to June 2021.

Changes in Pharyngeal Airway Space and Oxygen Saturation Following Mandibular Setback Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Orthognathic surgery can alter the dental, skeletal, soft tissue, and dimensional changes in the oropharyngeal region. Studies have shown a posterior positioning of the hyoid bone and tongue position after mandibular setback surgery, this in turn can have a negative influence on the upper airway space that could lead to breathing problems such as obstructive sleep apnea. Mandibular setback surgery is commonly used for functional and aesthetic correction in mandibular prognathism patients.

Examining the Association Between Episiotomy and Severe Perineal Tears in a Tertiary Care Center Implementing a Restrictive Episiotomy Policy.

Background Perineal lacerations are feared complications of vaginal delivery, especially the severe types (third- and fourth-degree tears). World Health Organization (WHO) recommended restrictive episiotomy practice after alarming literature linked the increase in severe tears with routine episiotomy. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the association between episiotomy and the incidence of third- and fourth-degree perineal tears and infections in women who underwent episiotomy versus those who did not at a tertiary care center implementing the restrictive episiotomy policy in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

The Association between Vitamin D Hypovitaminosis and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Saudi Diabetic Patients Type II.

We evaluated the prevalence and association of Vitamin D deficiency with glycemic control and CVD risk in T2DM patients. Serum 25 (OH)D, lipid profile, glucose panel, HbA1c, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR were assessed in 93 T2DM patients and 69 controls. 10 years and lifetime ASCVD risk scores were calculated.

Prevalence and predictors of nomophobia among the general population in two middle eastern countries.

Background: Nomophobia is a psychological condition caused by a fear of disconnecting from others through mobile phones.

Aim: This study aims to determine the prevalence of and predictors of nomophobia and anxiety symptoms among the general population in Saudi Arabia and Jordan.

Methods: This study was an observational cross-sectional study using a web-based online survey distributed in two middle eastern countries (Saudi Arabia and Jordan) between Jun 24 and Jul 20, 2021.

Atypical Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Secondary to Superoxide Dismutase 1 Gene Mutation With Coexistent Axonal Polyneuropathy: A Challenging Diagnosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a neurodegenerative disease that involves both the upper and lower motor neurons. Familial ALS, including superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mutation, accounts for 5-10% of all cases of ALS. Typically, the symptoms of ALS are purely motor, though coexistent sensory symptoms have been reported in rare cases.

Advanced Feature Extraction and Selection Approach Using Deep Learning and Aquila Optimizer for IoT Intrusion Detection System.

Developing cyber security is very necessary and has attracted considerable attention from academy and industry organizations worldwide. It is also very necessary to provide sustainable computing for the the Internet of Things (IoT). Machine learning techniques play a vital role in the cybersecurity of the IoT for intrusion detection and malicious identification.

Causes of the Failure of Biological Therapy at a Tertiary Center: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.

Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most commonly encountered autoimmune diseases. Treatment generally includes disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and/or biological therapy. However, a significant proportion of the patients do not respond to treatment either as a (primary failure) or lose efficacy over time (secondary failure).

Synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/corn starch/linseed polyol-based hydrogel loaded with biosynthesized silver nanoparticles.

Nanocomposite hydrogel film was prepared from Polyvinyl alcohol [PVA], Corn Starch [CS], Linseed oil polyol [LP], and silver nanoparticles [NP]. LP was prepared by epoxidation and hydration of Linseed oil [LO]. IR and NMR supported the insertion of hydroxyl groups in LP by epoxide ring opening reaction at epoxidized LO.

Fermented soy supplementation improves indicators of quality of life: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in adults experiencing heartburn.

Objective: To determine if fermented soy supplementation relieves heartburn and improves gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life, a randomized, double-blind parallel study was conducted with adults experiencing mild or moderate heartburn. Participants consumed up to 3, 1 g sachets of flavored, Lactobacillus delbrueckii fermented with soy flour (n = 23) or placebo (maltodextrin) (n = 27) sachets per heartburn incident as needed for 3 weeks. Symptom intensity at 5, 15, and 30 min post-administration was assessed using a Likert-like scale.

Safety and Effect of a Low- and High-Dose Multi-Strain Probiotic Supplement on Microbiota in a General Adult Population: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Few studies have focused on dose-response analyses of multi-strain probiotics in the general adult population. This study aimed at comparing how a low- and high-dose of a multi-strain probiotic supplement (containing R0052, R0011, R0215, R1001, R0070, ssp. BB536, R1012, ssp.

Antimicrobial resistance, mechanisms and its clinical significance.

Antimicrobial agents play a key role in controlling and curing infectious disease. Soon after the discovery of the first antibiotic, the challenge of antibiotic resistance commenced. Antimicrobial agents use different mechanisms against bacteria to prevent their pathogenesis and they can be classified as bactericidal or bacteriostatic.

Population-level investigation of the knowledge of ocular chemical injuries and proper immediate action.

Objective: Although the eyes occupy 0.1% of the total body surface, eye injuries are serious because vision is arguably the most important sense. We aimed to assess knowledge of Saudi Arabian residents regarding steps to be taken in cases of chemical eye injury, in order to promote awareness of such procedures.

Hashimoto`s Encephalopathy Presenting with Progressive Cerebellar Ataxia.

Hashimoto`s encephalopathy is a rare neurological syndrome occurring in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. The diagnosis of Hashimoto`s encephalopathy is based on the clinical picture with the presence of serum anti-thyroid antibodies regardless of the thyroid disorder. Acquired cerebellar ataxia associated with Hashimoto`s disease is a rare occurrence.

Correction to: Vitamin D status and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in Saudi children with acute lower respiratory tract infection.

The correct affiliations for all authors are as given below.

Vitamin D status and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in Saudi children with acute lower respiratory tract infection.

There is a significant association exists between vitamin D deficiencies, low respiratory tract infections, and certain types of VDR gene polymorphism. Various studies are being conducted to prove any such link between the different clinical conditions due to disturbed vitamin D regulation and VDR gene polymorphisms. The present study analyzed the presence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms (ApaI and TaqI) in Saudi pediatric patient suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) cases.