Long-Term Follow-Up of Retinal Detachment Repair in Patients With Stickler Syndrome.

Background And Objective: To report the long-term anatomic and visual outcomes of patients with Stickler syndrome undergoing retinal detachment (RD) surgery.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series of patients with Stickler syndrome undergoing RD repair from 1999 to 2017 at the Long Island Vitreoretinal Consultants, New York. Retinal attachment status and visual acuity (VA) at 1-year and last follow-up were assessed.

Early initial clinical experience with intravitreal aflibercept for wet age-related macular degeneration.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative process that leads to severe vision loss. Wet AMD is defined by choroidal neovascularisation, leading to the accumulation of subretinal fluid (SRF), macular oedema (ME), and pigment epithelium detachments (PED). Purpose To evaluate the initial clinical experience of conversion from bevacizumab or ranibizumab to aflibercept in wet AMD patients.

Pars plana vitrectomy in the management of patients diagnosed with endophthalmitis following intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection.

Purpose: To evaluate the possible benefit of pars plana vitrectomy in the treatment of patients with endophthalmitis following antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection.

Method: The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients in their practice with a diagnosis of endophthalmitis from January 1, 2007, through December 31, 2011. Only those with a clinical presentation consistent with endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection were included.

Increased incidence of sterile endophthalmitis following intravitreal preserved triamcinolone acetonide.

Aim: To report an increased incidence of sterile endophthalmitis following intravitreal injection of preserved triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) from 1 May to 31 July 2006.

Methods: Charts were reviewed for all patients who underwent IVTA injections between 1 January 2005 and 31 July 2006 at the offices of a referral vitreo-retinal practice. Patients were included if they presented post-IVTA with a clinical picture consistent with endophthalmitis.

Retinal pigment epithelium tears after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (avastin) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Background: Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA) treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has become an important part of clinical retinal practice. We describe retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears that were noted after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.

Visual improvement following intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) in exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To study the visual and anatomic outcome of intravitreal bevacizumab injection in the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Retrospective review of patients who received one or more intravitreal bevacizumab injections for exudative AMD. Outcome measures include standardized visual acuity, optical coherence tomography (OCT), macular thickness and volume, intraocular pressure, and blood pressure at 24 or more weeks follow-up.

Acute endophthalmitis in eyes treated prophylactically with gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin.

Purpose: To study the use of prophylactic fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotics, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin, and bacterial sensitivity in cases of acute postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery.

Design: Retrospective, consecutive, observational case series.

Methods: Forty-two eyes of 42 patients with acute endophthalmitis occurring within six weeks after cataract surgery were identified.

Retinal tears and retinal detachment as factors affecting visual outcome after cataract extraction complicated by posteriorly dislocated lens material.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and effect on visual acuity of complicating factors such as retinal tears (RTs) and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in eyes with posteriorly dislocated lens fragments after cataract extraction.

Methods: Retrospective consecutive series of patients presenting at a referral vitreoretinal practice with posteriorly dislocated lens material after cataract extraction over a period of 8 years. The presence of RT, RRD, endophthalmitis, and choroidal hemorrhage was noted, and their effect on visual outcome was studied.

Management of macular holes that develop after retinal detachment repair.

Purpose: To study the characteristics and management of macular holes that develop after prior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) repair.

Design: Retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series.

Methods: The setting was a clinical practice.

Bilateral secondary angle-closure glaucoma as a complication of anticoagulation in a nanophthalmic patient.

Purpose: To describe bilateral hemorrhage of the posterior segment and secondary angle-closure glaucoma as sequelae of anticoagulation therapy in a nanophthalmic patient.

Methods: An 80-year-old man who was nanophthalmic and was undergoing anticoagulation therapy presented with declining visual acuity in left eye. Six months later, he experienced declining visual acuity in his right eye.

Management of dislocated nuclear fragments after phacoemulsification.

We examined 13 patients referred for management of dislocated lens fragments after phacoemulsification. Ocular findings included corneal decompensation, glaucoma, inflammation, and retinal tears and detachments. Eleven of the 13 patients underwent vitrectomy with removal of lens fragments.

Vitrectomy retinotomy aspiration biopsy of choroidal tumors.

We used an investigational technique for the biopsy of intraocular tumors to aid in the diagnosis of three choroidal tumors. A three-port trans-pars plana vitrectomy was performed in conjunction with retinotomy, tumor biopsy, endophotocoagulation, and air-fluid exchange. Vitrectomy was used to decrease the amount of traction secondary to retained vitreous after intraocular surgery.

Intraocular radiation blocking.

Iodine-based liquid radiographic contrast agents were placed in normal and tumor-bearing (Greene strain) rabbit eyes to evaluate their ability to block iodine-125 radiation. This experiment required the procedures of tumor implantation, vitrectomy, air-fluid exchange, and 125I plaque and thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) chip implantation. The authors quantified the amount of radiation attenuation provided by intraocularly placed contrast agents with in vivo dosimetry.

Management of macular puckers associated with retinal angiomas.

Monocular visual loss in four patients was caused by epiretinal macular membranes associated with peripheral retinal capillary angiomas or angioma-like lesions. Three patients had solitary vascular lesions and one had two discrete vascular lesions. All patients were in good health, with no evidence of the von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.

Peripheral retinal neovascularization in birdshot retinochoroidopathy.

A 69-year-old black woman had ocular findings consistent with birdshot retinochoroidopathy; these included cream-colored depigmented spots at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium and vitreitis. She also had peripheral retinal neovascularization with localized vitreous hemorrhage. There were no laboratory or systemic findings consistent with other disease entities.

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) endophthalmitis.

A patient who had been treated for metastatic bladder carcinoma with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine subsequently developed bilateral visual loss secondary to an infiltrative retinitis and vitreitis. Although assumed to have candida endophthalmitis, vitrectomy demonstrated mycobacterium bovis. The patient was placed on systemic anti-tuberculous therapy, and there was noted to be a reduction in retinal lesions prior to his death.

Macular pucker and retinal angioma.

A 44-year-old white female had a macular pucker associated with a peripheral retinal capillary angioma. Following successful destruction of the angioma with cryotherapy, the macular pucker regressed and visual acuity returned to normal. This is the first report documenting the regression of a macular pucker following successful treatment of a peripheral retinal angioma.

The use of the Mayfield headrest to perform retinal surgery in the prone position.

A Mayfield neurosurgical headrest positioned at the end of a standard operating room table may be utilized to achieve the prone positioning necessary to perform certain types of ophthalmic procedures, such as the unfolding of the inverted flap of a giant retinal break. We describe the technique of employing this readily available headrest.

Scleral ruptures during retinal detachment surgery.

Two cases of retinal detachment are presented in which significant scleral ruptures occurred at the time of scleral buckling surgery. Retinal reattachment was achieved and scleral ruptures successfully closed utilizing standard scleral buckling elements. Long-term follow-up of both cases failed to disclose any significant ocular complications occurring at the rupture site.

Retinal detachment following neodymium-YAG laser capsulotomy.

Five patients developed retinal detachments within one month of undergoing neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. In four patients rhegmatogenous retinal detachments developed in association with typical aphakic breaks; in the fifth patient a previously stable extramacular traction detachment extended into the fovea. In all five patients scleral buckling or vitrectomy successfully reattached the retina and visual acuity improved.

Central serous choroidopathy in pregnancy.

Central serous choroidopathy is an infrequent complication of pregnancy. A serous detachment of the macula was seen in three women during the course of their normal pregnancy. All patients showed resolution of the macular serous detachment in the third trimester, with resultant retinal pigment epithelial mottling; symptoms resolved in all patients post partum.

Intraocular injection of silicone oil for experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

We evaluated the effect of intraocular silicone oil as an internal tamponade on an animal model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Lensectomy and vitrectomy were performed on two groups of pigmented rabbits. Twenty-five rabbit eyes then had 1,000 centistokes' viscosity silicone oil injected into the vitreous cavity; 20 control eyes received balanced salt solution.

The role of cellular proliferation in an experimental model of massive periretinal proliferation.

Transplantation of from 10,000 to 750,000 autologous and homologous dermal fibroblasts into the vitreous cavity of rabbit eyes resulted in identical clinical findings leading to massive periretinal proliferation. A dose-response relationship between the number of cells injected and the extent of retinal traction that developed was established. The second phase of the experiment evaluated the effects of formalin and cobalt irradiation on the fibroblasts' ability to cause traction retinal detachment.