Aqueous extract of Peristrophe bivalvis (L.) Merr. leaf reversed the detrimental effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor on blood lipid profile and glucose level.

There is evidence that nitric oxide (NO) modulates the metabolism of glucose and lipid, and some antihypertensive medications have been shown to affect glucose and lipid metabolism. Peristrophe bivalvis is a medicinal plant that has been shown to have antihypertensive properties. The study investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Peristrophe bivalvis leaf (APB) on fasting blood glucose level (FBG) and lipid profile in rats pretreated with nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME).

The Antihypertensive Potential of Aqueous extract of (L.) Merr. is Up-regulation of Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate and Down-regulation of the Renin-angiotensin System.

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. (PB) is used for the treatment of hypertension, painful sprains, skin diseases, tuberculosis, acute bronchitis, anti-inflammatory conditions, hepatitis, and diabetes. Its antihypertensive potential has been investigated and documented.

Vincristine attenuates isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy in male Wistar rats via suppression of ROS/NO/NF-қB signalling pathways.

Vincristine (VCR), a vinca alkaloid with anti-tumor and anti-oxidant properties, is acclaimed to possess cardioprotective action. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this protective effect remains unknown. This study investigated the effects of VCR on isoprenaline (ISO), a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, induced cardiac hypertrophy in male Wistar rats.

SKINFOLD MEASUREMENTS AS DETERMINANTS OF BLOOD PRESSURE LEVELS AMONG ADULT HYPERTENSIVES ATTENDING A SECONDARY HEALTHCARE CENTRE IN NIGERIA.

Background: Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally, making it a growing pandemic affecting adults and children. Obesity is associated with multiple morbidities and mortalities increasing the burden on the health care system.

Objective: There is inadequacy of data in Nigeria on the prevalence of obesity among adult patients with hypertension and adequate data on these conditions would help in their comprehensive management.

Oral mucosal melanoma in situ: a case report and review of the literature.

Oral mucosal melanoma is a rare presentation of malignant melanoma with a 5-year survival rate of only 15%. Oral mucosal melanoma in situ (OMMIS) is its assumed precursor. This report describes one of only 20 documented cases of OMMIS and outlines how early clinical recognition resulted in prompt histopathological diagnosis and subsequent complete surgical excision.

Effect of silymarin on blood coagulation profile and osmotic fragility in carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats.

Reports about the impact of Carbon tetrachloride (CCl) hepatotoxicity on coagulation profile have been inconsistent. Multiple investigators have however demonstrated the effectiveness of silymarin in the resolution of anomalies induced by CCl, although the effect of silymarin on the impact of CCl hepatotoxicity, especially coagulation profile and osmotic fragility have not been investigated. The liver, the primary site for the secretion of coagulation proteins, can become impaired in CCl hepatotoxicity, and silymarin reportedly increases hepatic protein synthesis as part of its hepatoprotective mechanism.

Dietary Supplementation with D-Ribose-L-Cysteine Prevents Hepatic Stress and Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Male Wistar Rats Fed a High-Fructose High-Fat Diet.

Diets rich in fats and fructose are associated with the pathogenesis of oxidative stress-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, we investigated the effect of D-ribose-L-cysteine (DRLC) in high-fructose high-fat (HFHF) diet-fed rats. Twenty rats ( = 5), divided into four groups, were simultaneously exposed to HFHF and/or DRLC (250 mg/kg) orally during the 8 weeks of the study.

Cardiovascular Responses to Squatting Postural Stress among Non-Diabetic and Type-2 Diabetic Nigerian Black Africans.

Background: A change in posture brings about a significant alteration in cardiovascular functions. The squat test has been used to study autonomic function in White Europeans but not Black Africans. The aim of this study is to determine the cardiovascular effects of postural stress in Black African non-diabetics and Type-2 diabetics.

Maternal hypothyroidism prolongs gestation period and impairs glucose tolerance in offspring of Wistar rats.

Objectives: Pregnancy is a critical period keenly regulated by both maternal and foetal factors and a shift in these factors could result in severe complications manifesting in foetal and adult life. However, maternal hypothyroidism before and/or during pregnancy is a critical factor. This study investigated the effect of maternal hypothyroidism on glucose tolerance and thyroid function in male and female offspring.

D-ribose-L-cysteine prevents oxidative stress and cardiometabolic syndrome in high fructose high fat diet fed rats.

Cardiometabolic syndrome has been linked with dietary modification. Therefore, we investigated the effects of D-ribose-L-cysteine (DRLC) in rats fed with high fructose high fat (HFHF) diet. Twenty rats (n = 5), divided into 4 groups were concurrently exposed to HFHF and/or DRLC (250 mg/kg, p.

Graded activity with and without daily-monitored-walking in patients with type 2 diabetes with low back pain: secondary analysis of a randomized-clinical trial.

Background: Graded activity is gradually emerging as a preferred choice in improving psychosocial outcomes including pain self-efficacy, fear-avoidance beliefs, and back-pain beliefs in the general population with low back pain (LBP). Such evidence is, however, lacking among patients with concomitant LBP and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This secondary analysis of a randomized control trial aimed to compare the efficacy between graded activity augmented with additional daily-monitored-walking and graded activity alone on disability, pain self-efficacy (PSE), fear-avoidance beliefs (FAB), back-pain beliefs (BPB) and glycaemic control (HbA1c) in patients with concomitant LBP and T2DM.

Changes in antioxidants status, atherogenic index and cardiovascular variables after prolonged doses of D-ribose-L-cysteine in male Wistar rats.

D-ribose-L-cysteine (DRLC) acts as a rate limiting substrate for the synthesis of glutathione (GSH). GSH deficiency has been linked to oxidative stress, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. There are limited findings on the effects of DRLC in the physiologic state.

Evaluation of heart rate variability, blood pressure and lipid profile alterations from dual transceiver mobile phone radiation exposure.

Objectives: Electromagnetic fields have been reported to alter electrical activities in the brain and heart. However, there is paucity of information on the potential functional alterations that magnetic fields from mobile phone could cause to the heart. This study investigated heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP) and lipid profile in Wistar rats exposed to electromagnetic field radiation from a dual transceiver mobile phone (DTrMP).

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor potentiates the hypoglycaemic effect of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in rats.

The inhibition of renin angiotensin system pathway has been largely documented to be effective in the control of cardiovascular events. The present study investigated the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor on fasting blood glucose level in hypertension induced by the inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in male Wistar rats. Hypertension was induced by the inhibition of NOS using a non-selective NOS inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME).

Co-administration of prazosin and propranolol with glibenclamide improves anti-oxidant defense system in endothelial tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats.

Background Due to increasing prevalence of diabetes and associated endothelial dysfunction, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of co-administration of adrenoceptor blockers (prazosin and propranolol) and glibenclamide on plasma biomarkers of endothelial functions in diabetic rats. Methods Experiments were carried out on 35 male Wistar rats (170-200 g). They were divided into seven groups (n=5) as follows: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic + glibenclamide (GLB-5mg/kg/day), diabetic+ prazosin (PRZ-0.

Anti-lipidemic Effect of Fractions of Peristrophe bivalvis Leaf in NG-nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) Treated Rats.

Purpose: The reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability accelerates atherosclerosis development, augments lipolysis, elevates blood pressure and upregulate leukocyte level. This study was designed to examine the biochemical constituents of fractions of (PB) leaf, their effect on blood pressure, serum lipid contents and complete blood count in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats.

Method: Male Wistar rats were grouped into control and hypertensive groups.

Quantity not composition of dietary fats represents the dominant contributor to experimental obesity: Relevance to human pathophysiology.

Plant fats are low in saturated fats but high in unsaturated fats compared to animal fats, and are supposedly less obesogenic. This study compared the obesogenic effects of plant and animal derived fatty diets in Wistar rats. Rats of each gender were divided into three dietary (standard chow (SC), high fat diet rich in animal fat (HFDaf) and a high fat diet rich in plant fat (HFDpf)) groups of ten each and fed for 17 weeks.

Peristrophe roxburghiana leaf extracts exhibited anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic properties in L-NAME hypertensive rats.

Aims: Hypertension is a global disease that has been combating the world health for ages. Peristrophe roxburghiana (PR) is used in traditional medicine to treat hypertension and other ailments. The present study examined phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activities and GC-MS analysis of extracts of PR leaf and also evaluated their anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic effects in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats.

A survey on patients' characteristics, perception of family support and diabetes self-management among type 2 diabetes patients in South-West Nigeria.

Aim: To determine the association between patients' characteristics, perception of family support and diabetes self-management (DSM) behaviours among type 2 diabetes patients.

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used and data were collected between July-September 2016. The study is part of a larger quasi-experimental study.

Dietary intake of parents affects antioxidant activity and inflammatory status in F2 offspring.

Background: Dietary intake is implicated in the pathogenesis of non-communicable diseases, especially those affecting metabolism. Many non-communicable diseases are mediated by alterations in antioxidant activity and chronic inflammation with its resultant effects. Developmental programming causes offspring of parents with particular metabolic phenotypes to adopt predisposition to these phenotypes during development.

Dietary macronutrients modulate hypertrophy and contractility of the detrusor in an experimental model of bladder obstruction.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of various diets on structure and function of the bladder in both normal and obstructed bladders of male Wistar rats.

Methods: Sham-operated rats and rats with experimentally-induced bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) were fed with standard rats' feed (control), High-carbohydrate (HCD), High-fat (HFD) and High-protein (HPD) diets. Feeding was continued for 4 weeks after BOO surgery.

Multigenerational effects of dietary macronutrient intake on the metabolic phenotype of male Wistar rats.

Objectives: Gene-nutrient interactions are implicated in metabolic phenotypes like metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of diet-induced metabolic phenotypes in rats and investigate the effects of these phenotypes in three successive generations.

Methods: Three generations of rats were fed on different diets and mated.

Patients' Perception of Quality of Diabetes Care Received in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the diseases of public health concerns of the 21st century with rising burden in developing countries. The evaluation of care for diabetes from patients' perspective an important indicator of measuring quality of health services and improving treatment approaches but data of the nature are scarce in Nigeria. The study therefore investigated Patients' Evaluation of the Quality of Diabetes care (PEQD) in Ibadan.

Complete spontaneous regression of a metastatic melanoma of the mandible: a case report and follow-up recommendations.

Regression of metastatic melanoma is very rare and occurs in only 0.23% of cases. Metastasis to the oral cavity is particularly uncommon and accounts for only 1-3% of all oral malignancies.

Reduction in nitric oxide bioavailability shifts serum lipid content towards atherogenic lipoprotein in rats.

Nitric oxide (NO) is major endothelial relaxing factor and reduction in its bioavailabilty has been linked to hypertension. Furthermore, high lipid content is a strong risk factor predisposing to cardiovascular diseases. The principal focus of this study was to investigate the effect of blockade of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) on serum lipid content in rats.