Sublingual macrophage-associated ILDR2 contributes to immune tolerance via Treg induction.

The sublingual mucosa (SLM) has been used for sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) which has the potential to induce antigen-specific immune tolerance. We previously demonstrated the CD206 macrophages that were increased in the SLM after repeated antigen exposure. These macrophages showed high expression of the gene encoding ILDR2 (Ig-like domain-containing receptor 2), an immune checkpoint molecule.

Endophytic Bacillus spp. from medicinal plants inhibit mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and promote plant growth.

Plant growth-promoting bacteria that are also capable of suppressing plant pathogenic fungi play an important role in sustainable agriculture. There is a critical need for conducting research to discover, characterize and evaluate the efficacy of new strains of such bacteria in controlling highly aggressive plant pathogens. In this study, we isolated endophytic bacteria from medicinal plants of Bangladesh and evaluated their antagonistic capacity against an important phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.