Status of Serum Magnesium among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the largest public health issues and the major cause of death worldwide. Due to an increase in the incidence of systemic diseases like diabetes and hypertension, which are the two main causes of CKD and kidney damage, the prevalence of CKD is rising globally. Chronic Kidney Disease results in mineral disorders as well as profound lipid disorders due to improper balancing of the mineral & hormone levels in the body.

Effect of Serum Vitamin-D in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes, formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance and relative lack of insulin. This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College and in collaboration with the Department of Endocrinology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh from July 2021 to June 2022. A total of 100 subjects were included in this study.

Comparative analysis of advanced deep learning models for predicting evapotranspiration based on meteorological data in bangladesh.

Evapotranspiration is one of the crucial elements in water balance equations and plays a pivotal role in the water and energy cycle of an area. An accurate and precise estimation and prediction of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is necessary for regional management of water resources and irrigation scheduling. The challenge of predicting daily evapotranspiration with limited meteorological data in Bangladesh.

3-Pentadecylphenol (PDP) as a Novel Compatibilizer for Simultaneous Toughened and Reinforced PA10,12 Composites.

The utilization of polyamide 10,12 (PA10,12) composites in various industries has been limited constrained by their inherent low toughness, making it a challenge to achieve a balance between toughness and structural integrity through conventional elastomer addition strategies. Herein, we introduce a straightforward method for the concurrent toughening and reinforcement of PA10,12 composites. This is accomplished by blending polyolefin elastomer (POE) and 3-pentadecylphenol (PDP) with the PA10,12 matrix.

Target volume coverage in clinically designed radiotherapy plan of post-mastectomy adjuvant radiotherapy of breast cancer patients in comparison with radiation therapy oncology group-based contoured plan: A dosimetric study.

Objective: Conventional field radiotherapy based on anatomical landmarks has been the traditional treatment for breast cancer. Having proven efficacy, it is still the current standard of treatment. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) has published guidelines for contouring target volumes in postmastectomy patients.

Comparative Efficacy of Levosalbutamol and Racemic Salbutamol in the Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Asthma.

Asthma is a major noncommunicable disease (NCD), affecting both children and adults, and is the most common chronic disease among children. It is common in all ages and the prevalence is increasing in most countries, especially among children as because of urbanization. Multiple therapeutic modalities are available for management of acute asthma.

A survey on the incidence of common musculoskeletal side effects among the patients taking long-term anti-ulcerant therapies in Bangladesh.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H blockers are commonly prescribed medications to treat ulcers in the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine and prescribed for some other common gastrointestinal complications such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophagitis, irritable bowel syndrome, and dyspepsia. Previous studies claimed that, apart from other side effects, these anti-ulcerant therapies significantly altered bone mineral density by interfering with intestinal reabsorption of minerals and vitamin B12, and the most widely prescribed PPIs were significantly associated with increased risks of hip and spine fractures. However, the potential skeletal side effects of these antiulcerants are unknown in Bangladesh.

Mucormycosis (black fungus) in COVID-19 patients-Will it be another matter of concern in the midst of the COVID-19 flare-up in Bangladesh?

Many countries of the world have been combating the new variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Black fungus is an opportunistic foe that may cause fatal infection in immunocompromised and steroid-treated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) is now a serious concern throughout the world, including many Asian countries.

Congenital syphilis in a 4-month-old infant with limb weakness.

We describe a rare case of a 4-month-old girl presenting with a several month history of reduced movement to the left arm accompanied by a maculopapular rash to the limbs. X-ray findings included inflammatory periosteal changes to the radius and ulna. IgM was detected in both baby and mother, and a diagnosis of congenital syphilis was made.

Developing interim water quality criteria for emerging chemicals of concern for protecting marine life in the Greater Bay Area of South China.

This study aimed to establish marine water quality criteria (MWQC) for emerging chemicals of concern (ECCs) for protecting aquatic life in the Greater Bay Area (GBA) of South China. Despite the frequent occurrence and elevated concentrations of these ECCs in the GBA, there is a lack of regional MWQC for these contaminants. We screened 21 common ECCs that were classified into the following six groups: (1) new persistent organic contaminants; (2) brominated flame retardants; (3) perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances; (4) pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs); (5) plasticizers; and (6) personal care products.

Enhanced remediation of BDE-209 in contaminated mangrove sediment by planting and aquaculture effluent.

Toxic and persistent flame retardant (BDE-209) and aquaculture effluent (AE) are ubiquitous in coastal environments, but how their co-existence influences their fate is not yet investigated. This study investigated AE effects on remediation and uptake of BDE-209 by Kandelia obovata (Ko) and Avicennia marina (Am), true and dominant mangrove species. After 12-months, a significant removal of BDE-209 was achieved in planted mangrove sediment and the removal was significantly enhanced by AE addition, possibly due to the enhancement of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) content in sediment.

Diphenamid photodegradation using Fe(III) impregnated N-doped TiO/sulfite/visible LED process: Influence of wastewater matrix, kinetic modeling, and toxicity evaluation.

Sulfite-based photocatalysis has been recently employed as a promising technology for the treatment of organic pollutants via the generation of reactive radicals. In this contribution, the effect of wastewater matrix constituents and toxicity evaluation were systematically investigated in the Fe impregnated N-doped TiO (FeN-TiO)/sulfite/visible LED (Vis LED) process in the presence of diphenamid (DPA) as a model organic pollutant. The results showed that the presence of HCO, SO, NO, and F had no detrimental effect on DPA degradation.

Effects of aquaculture effluents on fate of 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99) in contaminated mangrove sediment planted with Kandelia obovata.

The problems of aquaculture effluent (AE) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are common in coastal areas. The fate of 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99), a dominant PBDE congener, in mangrove sediments and the effects of AE on it have never been reported. A 12-months microcosm study was conducted and more than 55% of the BDE-99 in contaminated sediment was removed at the end.

Could mangrove plants tolerate and remove BDE-209 in contaminated sediments upon long-term exposure?

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) such as BDE-209, the commonest congener, are known to be toxic. A 24-months study using mangrove mesocosms with mixed mangrove species, namely Avicennia marina (Am), Aegiceras corniculatum (Ac) and Kandelia obovata (Ko), or without any plant was conducted to examine toxicity, removal, translocation and uptake of BDE-209. At month 24, BDE-209 stimulated the production of root superoxide radical (O), and leaf and root malondialdehyde (MDA) of Ko, enhanced leaf O of Ac, but did not affect the production of O and MDA in Am.

Day clinic vs. hospital care of pneumonia and severe malnutrition in children under five: a randomised trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and costs of managing pneumonia and severe malnutrition in a day clinic (DC) management model (outpatient) vs. hospital care (inpatient).

Methods: Randomised clinical trial where children aged 2 months to 5 years with pneumonia and severe malnutrition were randomly allocated to DC or inpatient hospital care.

Growth and antioxidative response of two mangrove plants to interaction between aquaculture effluent and BDE-99.

Mangroves are subject to contamination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) due to waste and wastewater disposal, and aquaculture effluent (AE) from nearby aquaculture activities. However, the response of mangrove plants to these two stresses and their interaction has seldom been reported. A six-month microcosm study, planted with either Kandelia obovata (Ko) or Avicennia marina (Am), the two most dominant species in South China mangrove swamps, was conducted to investigate the effects of BDE-99, and the interactions of BDE-99 (one of the most abundant PBDE congeners) and AE on growth and physiological responses of these plants.

A combined effect of polybrominated diphenyl ether and aquaculture effluent on growth and antioxidative response of mangrove plants.

Mangrove wetland receives nutrient-rich aquaculture effluent (AE) from nearby farming activities and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from the production and usage of flame retardants. The effects of BDE-209 (the most common PBDE congener), AE and their combination on two true mangrove species, namely Kandelia obovata and Avicennia marina, were compared in a 6-month microcosm study. Results showed that K.

Pelvic bone anatomy vs implanted gold seed marker registration for image-guided intensity modulated radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma: Comparative analysis of inter-fraction motion and toxicities.

Objectives: We compared the prostate motion variability and toxicities between patients treated with gold marker registration based IG-IMRT (IG-IMRT-M) and bony landmark registration based IG-IMRT (IG-IMRT-B).

Methods: T1c-T3b (node negative), intermediate and high risk (non-metastatic) adenocarcinoma of prostate, age ≥18years, Karnofsky Performance Status of ≥70 were included in this retrospective study. The prostate motion variability, acute and late radiation toxicities between the two treatment arms (IG-IMRT-M versus IG-IMRT-B) were compared.

Biochar accelerates microbial reductive debromination of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) in anaerobic mangrove sediments.

A common congener of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), is a prevalent, persistent and toxic pollutant. It could be removed by reduction debromination by microorganisms but the rate is often slow. The study hypothesized that spent mushroom substrate derived biochar amendment could accelerate the microbial reductive debromination of BDE-47 in anaerobic mangrove sediment slurries and evaluated the mechanisms behind.

Prospective evaluation of Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy with Simultaneous Integrated Boost (IMRT-SIB) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in patients not suitable for chemo-radiotherapy.

Background: With conformal radiotherapy techniques, acute and late toxicities can be reduced because of better dose conformity and reduced doses to normal tissue. With Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) further dose escalation is possible and one of the methods is IMRT with simultaneous integrated boost (IMRT-SIB).

Aim: To evaluate feasibility, toxicity patterns and loco-regional control rates of IMRT-SIB technique in head and neck cancer patients who are not suitable candidates for concurrent chemoradiation.

Vertical distribution of dehalogenating bacteria in mangrove sediment and their potential to remove polybrominated diphenyl ether contamination.

The removal and degradation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediments are not clear. The vertical distribution of total and dehalogenating bacteria in sediment cores collected from a typical mangrove swamp in South China and their intrinsic degradation potential were investigated. These bacterial groups had the highest abundances in surface sediments (0-5cm).

Antibacterial constituents of three Cameroonian medicinal plants: Garcinia nobilis, Oricia suaveolens and Balsamocitrus camerunensis.

Background: Multidrug resistance is a worrying cause of treatment failure in bacterial infections. The search of bioactive constituents from medicinal plants against multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria has significantly evolved in the two last decades. In the present study, twenty-two compounds (three terpenoids, eleven phenolics and eight alkaloids) isolated from three Cameroonian medicinal plants, namely Garcinia nobilis, Oricia suaveolens and Balsamocitrus camerunensis, as well as the crude extracts were tested for their antibacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Gram-negative bacteria amongst which were MDR active efflux pumps expressing phenotypes.

Ferritin and Soluble Transferrin Receptors in Type 2 Diabetic and Non-diabetic Post-menopausal Women in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

This cross-sectional comparative study was aimed at investigating the iron status of a group of post-menopausal women with and without diabetes. Thirty-five post-menopausal women in each group were selected purposively from among patients attending the out-patient department of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), a specialist hospital, and two of its satellite clinics, all in Dhaka. Patients were enrolled based on their existing records.