MicroRNAs in Aseptic Loosening of Prosthesis: Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Approaches.

Objectives: Aseptic loosening (AL) is one of the leading causes of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) revision. Discovering the roles of microRNAs (miRNA/miR) in ontogenesis and osteolysis has attracted more attention to diagnosing and treating bone disorders. This review aimed to summarize miRNA biogenesis and describe the involvement of miRNAs in AL of implants.

Distant migration of a broken guide pin following femoral neck fixation: a case report.

Introduction: Kirschner wires are frequently employed in orthopedic procedures. While most complications are minor, rare instances of distant pin migration can occur. Such migration is more prevalent in the shoulder region but has been reported elsewhere.

Comparison of Functional Outcomes of Two Knee Arthroplasty Techniques (Total Knee Arthroplasty and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty) for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis, simultaneously done in the Same Patients.

Objectives: This study aims to provide a comprehensive comparative analysis of functional outcomes between Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty (UKA) and Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) in patients diagnosed with bilateral knee osteoarthritis. Both procedures were performed simultaneously on separate knees to evaluate their respective efficacy.

Methods: The study included 25 patients (18 women and 7 men) with a mean age of 59.

Progressive Late-Onset Genu Recurvatum Post-Total Knee Arthroplasty: Insights from a Spinal Stenosis-Related Case Series.

Objectives: Knee osteoarthritis is common among older individuals, necessitating Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) for end-stage cases. The aging population has increased TKA demand, leading to a rise in revision surgeries. Genu recurvatum, a rare complication, often requires surgical intervention, with late-onset cases linked to neuromuscular conditions.

The Outcomes of Distraction Osteogenesis over an Intramedullary Nail for the Treatment of Bone Defects in Infectious Nonunions.

Objectives: The concurrent utilization of an external fixator and intramedullary nail (IMN) for segment transportation may potentially decrease the duration of external fixator implementation and reduce associated complications. This study aimed to report the outcomes of bone transport utilizing a combination of IMN and Ilizarov frame in a cohort of individuals who had tibia or femur critical-sized bone deficiency resulting from nonunion.

Methods: The present research used a single-arm clinical trial design to enroll a series of patients presenting with critical-sized bone defects resulting from infectious nonunion of the tibia or femur.

Kinematic Alignment Technique Outperforms Mechanical Alignment in Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical results of kinematic alignment (KA) with those of mechanical alignment (MA) in single-stage bilateral total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: In this double-blinded randomized controlled trial, 65 patients who had bilateral knee osteoarthritis underwent simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty. One knee was randomly selected to be operated on with the calipered-KA technique and the other with MA.

Treatment options and outcomes for delayed scapular anatomical neck fractures: a case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Scapular anatomical neck fractures are among the most infrequent shoulder girdle fractures. Only seven radiologically confirmed cases of scapular anatomical neck fractures have been documented in the literature to date, of which only one case underwent delayed surgery.

Case Presentation: A 34-year-old male Persian patient with morbid obesity was diagnosed with a scapula anatomical neck fracture after a motor vehicle collision.

Primary seronegative intermuscular hydatidosis in a child, an infection that should be approached like a tumor: a case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Intermuscular hydatid cyst is one of the rarest types of hydatid cyst, and as far as we know, only nine cases were reported in the literature before this study.

Case Presentation: We present a 10-year-old Iranian child with an intermuscular cystic mass in the medial-distal thigh. Despite the typical imaging findings, the patient's serological and hematological tests were negative for hydatid cyst.

Outcomes of the Modified Stoppa Approach in Acetabular Fracture Management: Incidence of Nerve Injuries.

Objectives: Displaced acetabular fractures are complex injuries that necessitate precise surgical intervention. Obturator nerve injuries occur in approximately 2% of cases. The modified Stoppa approach, offering enhanced exposure of the quadrilateral plate, has gained attraction as an alternative technique for anterior acetabular fractures.

Is Posterior Cruciate Ligament Needle Pie-Crusting Safe and Effective in Balancing Cruciate-Retained Total Knee Arthroplasty? A Comparative Study.

Background: There is still debate over whether to sacrifice the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Several studies reported the costs and benefits of each approach regarding technical difficulties in PCL balancing and postoperation complications. In this study, we aimed to evaluate PCL needling as a safe method for balancing the cruciate-retained TKA (CR-TKA).

Arthroscopic management of ankle primary synovial chondromatosis (Reichel's syndrome): A case report with literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Primary Synovial chondromatosis is a rare disease characterized by metaplastic cartilaginous nodules originating from the synovium, which rarely involves the ankle joint. To date, there has been a limited number of reported cases regarding the arthroscopic treatment of this disease, which can be attributed to its rare incidence. This article aims to illuminate the advantages and challenges of this technique by presenting a case study.

A Modified Technique for Artificial Fusion in Unreconstructable Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Knee arthrodesis is an acceptable treatment that leads to a stable joint with a lower rate of recurrence of infection in periprosthetic joint infections. One of the major problems in some revision cases is the bone loss that interferes with the bony union; therefore, some studies suggest artificial arthrodesis, which does not require bony union. The present descriptive retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of patients with periprosthetic joint infection complications.

Closed K-wire Fixation for the Treatment of Perilunate Dislocation and Trans-Scaphoid Perilunate Fracture Dislocations without Ligamentous Repair: Short Term Follow-Up.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of perilunate dislocations (PLDs) and transscaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations (TSPLDs) treated with operative volar approach without ligament repair or reconstruction.

Methods: A total of seven patients (10 hands) were studied during 2017-2018. We fixed scaphoid fractures thorough a volar approach and 3 k-wires were inserted to stabilize the scaphoid to the adjacent bones.

Evaluation of Syndesmosis Reduction after Removal Syndesmosis Screw in Ankle Fracture with Syndesmosis Injury.

Background: Ankle fracture-dislocation with a syndesmotic injury has been treated with syndesmotic screw fixation. There are little evidences about the safety and efficacy of syndesmotic screw removal on the syndesmotic malreduction. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of syndesmotic screw removal of distal attachment of the fibula and tibia bones on the syndesmotic reduction and also impact of syndesmotic screw removal on the final functional score of ankle joint.