Outcomes of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in T4 rectal cancer patients: a real-world single institution experience.

Purpose: Treatment outcomes of locally advanced rectal cancer have improved significantly in recent decades. This retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery in patients with T4 rectal cancer and the different outcomes between T4a and T4b patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 clinically T4 rectal cancer patients who underwent nCRT were included in the analysis.

Short-term and long-term oncological outcomes of chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer patients with or without oxaliplatin: a propensity score-matched retrospective analysis.

Background/aim: Current approaches for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) typically recommend neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) or its oral analogs followed by surgery as the standard of care. However, the question of whether intensifying concurrent chemotherapy by adding oxaliplatin to the 5FU-based backbone can yield better outcomes remains unresolved. This study aimed to investigate the benefits of incorporating oxaliplatin into fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) to increase locoregional control and survival.

The state-of-the-art technic of stereotactic radioablation for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias: An overview.

Introduction: Cardiac arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia (VT), stand as a significant threat to health, often leading to mortality and sudden cardiac death. While conventional treatments for VT exhibit efficacy, cases of refractory VT pose challenges. Stereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation (STAR) offers a novel approach, delivering precise high-dose radiation to well-defined targets with minimal collateral damage.

The role of external beam radiation therapy in the management of thyroid carcinomas: A retrospective study in Iran Cancer Institute.

Background: Thyroid cancers are histologically classified into three types; differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Among the several therapeutic strategies for treatment and management of thyroid cancer, surgical resection in combination with radioactive iodine therapy (RAI) is indicated for moderate to high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients- according to current guidelines. However, external radiation therapy (EBRT) can be a viable alternative treatment option for these patients and scarce evidence is available regarding the efficacy and effectiveness of EBRT on thyroid cancer.

Duloxetine for the Prevention of Oxaliplatin Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-blind Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Peripheral neuropathy is a dose-limiting adverse effect of oxaliplatin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of duloxetine in the prevention of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN).

Method: Cancer patients receiving oxaliplatin based chemotherapy were randomized into two arms.

Current approaches in intensification of long-course chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a review.

Rectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world. In many countries, the current standard of care is long-course chemoradiation (CRT), followed by total mesorectal excision. Some efforts have been made by intensifying radiation or chemotherapy components of the neoadjuvant therapy to further decrease the local recurrence and augment surgery's feasibility and improve the oncological outcomes.

Management of colon and rectal cancers during COVID-19 pandemic: A clinical guideline (TUMS-CRC-CoV19 Guideline).

In a resource-demanding COVID-19 pandemic, guidelines can free up health care resources needed for providing better care to those with COVID-19 and other patients. This study was performed to design a guideline to manage patients with colorectal cancers during the COVID-19pandemic. To design this guideline, major topics and headings of colon and rectal cancers (CRC) were selected and included.

Short-course versus long-course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer: preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer is becoming an increasing concern in the middle-aged population of Iran. This study aimed to compare the preliminary results of short-course and long-course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy treatment for rectal cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Patients in group I received three-dimensional conformational radiotherapy with a dose of 25 Gy/5 fractions in 1 week plus concurrent XELOX regimen (capecitabine 625 mg/m2 from day 1-5 twice daily and oxaliplatin 50 mg/m2 on day 1 once daily).

Author Correction: Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy by MRI-Based Machine Learning Texture Analysis in Rectal Cancer Patients.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. In the author group section, the correct name of the fourth author is "Reza Ghalehtaki." The authors apologize for this oversight and for any confusion it may have caused.

Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy by MRI-Based Machine Learning Texture Analysis in Rectal Cancer Patients.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgical resection is the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Radiomics can be used as noninvasive biomarker for prediction of response to therapy. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the association of MRI texture features of LARC with nCRT response and the effect of Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) filter and feature selection algorithm in prediction process improvement.

Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Patients with Gastro-esophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma: a Retrospective Cohort Study in Iran.

Purpose: The optimal treatment for locally advanced GEJ and cardia adenocarcinoma is controversial. Several studies have shown that treating these patients with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery leads to survival benefits, and there are also studies that have declared conflicting results. It seems that there is still room for discussion.

Economic burden of colorectal cancer in Iran in 2012.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in Iran. However little is known about the economic burden associated with this cancer in Iran. The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden of colorectal cancer in Iran in the year 2012.

Preoperative short course radiotherapy with concurrent and consolidation chemotherapies followed by delayed surgery in locally advanced rectal cancer: preliminary results.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess complications and outcomes of a new approach, that is, combining short course radiotherapy (SRT), concurrent and consolidative chemotherapies, and delayed surgery.

Materials And Methods: In this single arm phase II prospective clinical trial, patients with T3-4 or N+ M0 rectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled. Patients who received induction chemotherapy or previous pelvic radiotherapy were excluded.

Thermoluminescence dosimetry of the dose received by scrotum and testes in radiotherapy of rectal cancer, compared to the point doses calculated by 3D-planning software.

Purpose: Radiation received by the testes in the course of radiotherapy for rectal cancer may cause oligospermia and azospermia. We sought to determine the dose to the scrotum and testes with thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD), and compare it to the dose calculated by 3D planning software.

Methods: The TLDs were fixed to the scrotum in six points anteriorly and posteriorly in two fractions of radiotherapy.

Addition of oxaliplatin to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in MRI-defined T3, T4 or N+ rectal cancer: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Clinical trials investigating the effects of addition of oxaliplatin to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancers (LARCs) have brought controversial results for pathologic complete response as an endpoint. This randomized clinical trial investigated downstaging as a short-term surrogate for progression-free survival (PFS).

Methods: Patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) defined T3, T4 or N+ histologically proven adenocarcinoma of rectum within 15 cm from anal verge were randomly assigned to receive 50-50.

Morbidity and Mortality Following Short Course Preoperative Radiotherapy in Rectal Carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the morbidity and mortality in patients with operable stage II and III rectal cancers within one or two months after surgery, who has been treated pre-operatively with short course radiotherapy. Twenty-eight patients with rectal adenocarcinoma, consecutively referred to the Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital from March 2009 to March 2010, were selected for the study after staging by endorectal ultrasound and CT of abdomen, pelvis, and chest; and if they had inclusion criteria for short course schedule, they were treated with radiotherapy alone at 2500 cGy for 5 sessions, and then they were referred to the surgical service for operation one week later. They were visited there by a surgeon unaware of the research who completed a questionnaire about pre-operative, operative, and post-operative complications.

Preventive effect of Malva on urinary toxicity after radiation therapy in prostate cancer patients: A multi-centric, double-blind, randomized clinical trial.

Background: For patients receiving external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) after radical prostatectomy as adjuvant treatment or patients receiving EBRT as definitive treatment, partial irradiation of the urinary bladder is common. Many of such patients experience some degree of radiation-induced cystitis during or after EBRT. There is currently no efficient treatment for preventing radiation cystitis.

Botanicals: an alternative remedy to radiotherapy-induced dysuria.

Everyday, many patients get radiotherapy for prostatic, rectal, uterine cervix and other pelvic organs cancer. Dysuria is common in pelvic, especially prostate radiotherapy, but there is not any established and confirmed treatment for this therapeutic side effect. Therefore, an alternative therapeutic method, using herbal preparation, may be an effective solution.

Gastrointestinal tumor board: an evolving experience in Tehran Cancer Institute.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a significant source of morbidity and mortality in Iran, with stomach adenocarcinoma as the most common cancer in men and the second common cancer in women. Also, some parts of Northern Iran have one of the highest incidences of esophageal cancer in the world. Multi-disciplinary organ-based joint clinics and tumor boards are a well-recognized necessity for modern treatment of cancer and are routinely utilized in developed countries, especially in major academic centres.

Is Tokuhashi score suitable for evaluation of life expectancy before surgery in Iranian patients with spinal metastases?

Background: One of the most important selection criteria for spinal metastases surgery is life expectancy and the most important system for this prediction has been proposed by Tokuhashi. The aim of this study was to evaluate predictive value of the Tokuhashi score for life expectancy in Iranian patients with spinal metastases one year after diagnosis.

Methods: From February 2007 to March 2009, of 180 patients suffering spinal metastatic tumors, 71 patients were excluded.

Chemoradiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a 6-year experience in Tehran cancer institute.

To determine the addition of value of neoadjuvant, concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy to radiation in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with regard to the overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) within a six year period in Tehran cancer institute. Files of all patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy in a curative setting in Tehran cancer institute during the period of 1999-2005 were retrospectively reviewed..