Freud's 'thought-transference', repression, and the future of psychoanalysis.

Psychoanalysts since Freud have largely neglected his important, paradigmatic ideas on the possibility of 'thought-transference' (telepathy) as an influence in mental life. A chance recording of two dreams which proved to coincide in some detail with distant reality events again suggests evidence in favour of the telepathy hypothesis. On interpretation, one of these dreams reveals even greater correspondence with the reality event and shows the mechanism of transformation of the repressed wish from latent dream content into manifest dream, utilizing a number of elements of the dream instigator, an apparently telepathically received day residue.

Magnetic-susceptibility measurement of human iron stores.

We made direct noninvasive magnetic measurements of hepatic iron stores with a specially designed superconducting quantum-interference-device (SQUID) susceptometer in 20 normal subjects and in 110 patients with liver disease, iron deficiency, hereditary hemochromatosis, or transfusional iron overload. Magnetic in vivo measurements of liver non-heme iron were closely correlated with chemical in vitro measurements in liver-biopsy specimens (r = 0.98, P less than 10(-5) up to 115 mumol per gram of liver tissue (wet weight) or more.

Adult dystonic lipidosis: clinical, histologic, and biochemical findings of a neurovisceral storage disease.

A 43-year-old man presented with splenomegaly and a 20-year history of a neurologic disorder that included vertical supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, mild dementia, and a movement disorder. Adult dystonic lipidosis was diagnosed from the clinical picture and demonstration of foamy and sea-blue histiocytes in bone marrow. Ultrastructural patterns in cytolysosomes suggested accumulation of neutral fat and phospholipids.

Utilization and cost effectiveness of a family practice center.

In a prepaid group practice setting, a group of 45 Family Practice Center patients, carefully matched by age, sex, and employment, were compared with a group of 63 patients attending medical and pediatric clinics. Utilization rates for physician and nonphysician visits and costs of laboratory and x-ray services during a period of 33 months were examined. Despite a 25 percent greater prevalence of significant chronic medical problems, the family practice group used specialist care less than one half as much as did the matching group and made one extra physician visit per patient per year.

Neonatal-onset adrenoleukodystrophy in a girl.

A 4-year 11-month-old girl developed cerebral degeneration with onset in the neonatal period. Postmortem examination showed gross, microscopic, ultrastructural, and biochemical changes identical to those associated with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), a sex-linked disorder of boys beginning in the first decade of life. Cytoplasmic inclusions ultrastructurally identical to those in brains and adrenal glands of ALD patients were present not only in this girl's adrenal glands and brain but also in reticuloendothelial cells of the liver, lymph node, spleen, thymus, and hepatic lysosomes.

Calorimetric measurements of the energy and nitrogen metabolism of Japanese quail.

1. Respiration calorimetry measurements were made over 4 d on normally-fed groups of 10 male or 10 female quail during three periods commencing at 12, 19 and 26 d of age. Carcass compositions were determined on groups of birds of each sex at 2 and 5 weeks of age.

Trigeminal neuropathy in progressive systemic sclerosis.

Trigeminal neuropathy was identified in 16 (4 percent) of 442 consecutive patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) who were first evaluated during the period between 1972 and 1980. These cases, together with 25 others that are adequately documented in the literature, were reviewed and compared with the 426 cases of PSS (96 percent) without trigeminal neuropathy. Trigeminal neuropathy occurred most frequently in young women with PSS in overlap with other disorders, particularly the mixed connective tissue disease syndrome with clinical evidence of myositis.

Clinical and biochemical heterogeneity of globoid cell leukodystrophy.

The residual galactosylceramide beta-galactosidase activity in cultured skin fibroblasts from a child with late-onset globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD) was distinctly different from that found in the typical infantile form of the disease. The residual enzyme activity and maximum velocity of the enzyme reaction were higher in this patient, while the Michaelis constant was similar in controls and in the two forms of GLD. The pH optimum of enzyme activity from the patient was similar to that of controls and a more acidic pH optimum was found in the infantile form.

Genetic control of developmental patterns of cerebral enzyme activities: further differences between C3H and ICR strains of mice.

We have investigated developmental changes in activity for five enzymes associated with different cerebral metabolic systems in two separate strains of mice. The enzymes studied were acid beta-galactosidase, arylsulfatase A, cerebroside beta-galactosidase, cerebroside sulfotransferase, and glutamate decarboxylase. The two strains of mice were C3H/SWV and ICR/SWV.

Availability to pigs of amino acids in cereal grains. 2. Apparent and true ileal availability.

1. Pigs prepared with re-entrant ileal cannulas were used to determine the ileal availability of amino acids in nine cereal grains including five wheats, sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers.), maize, barley and Triticale.

Availability to pigs of amino acids in cereal grains. 4. Factors influencing the availability of amino acids and energy in grains.

1. Protein digestibility and lysine availability were determined in a range of grain samples using an in vivo digestibility assay calibrated with ileal digestibility values. 2.

Availability to pigs of amino acids in cereal grains. 3. A comparison of ileal availability values with faecal, chemical and enzymic estimates.

1. Availability values for amino acids in nine cereal grains determined by faecal analyses with pigs and by the Silcock available lysine test (Roach et al. 1967) and an in vitro digestibility assay were compared with ileal availability values for the same grains determined with pigs by Taverner et al.

Availability to pigs of amino acids in cereal grains. 1. Endogenous levels of amino acids in ileal digesta and faeces of pigs given cereal diets.

1. Endogenous levels of amino acids in ileal digesta were determined as the output from pigs given protein-free diets and by extrapolation to zero intake of linear regressions of ileal amino acid output v. dietary amino acid intake.

GM1 gangliosidosis: enzymatic variation in a single family.

Acid beta-galactosidase activity can be separated into multiple molecular forms by isoelectric focusing on cellulose acetate membranes. The residual acid beta-galactosidase in the juvenile form of GM1 gangliosidosis has three bands of enzyme activity with an apparent isoelectric pH (pI) range from 4.9 to 5.

GM1 gangliosidosis: phenotypic variation in a single family.

Infantile, juvenile, and adult forms of GM1 gangliosidosis have been well characterized. Certain genetic and biochemical studies have suggested that the phenotypic variation found in GM1 gangliosidosis results from different allelic mutations affecting the GM1 ganglioside beta-galactosidase locus and that different combinations of these mutations accounts for the clinical heterogeneity of this illness. A family in which both the infantile and juvenile forms of GM1 gangliosidosis occurred, the children sharing a common mutation of their acid beta-galactosidase activity, supports the allelic nature of these different clinical forms of the disease.

Heterozygote detection in MLD. allelic mutations at the ARA locus.

The detection of heterozygotes for MLD based on enzyme assays of a general population is highly unreliable. Twenty-three percent of controls and ARA activities below the levels found in some obligate heterozygotes for MLD. This serious overlap problem precludes the use of ARA determinations in large screening programs to assign individuals into specific genetic categories.

Developmental dissociation of myelin synthesis and "myelin-associated" enzyme activities in the shiverer mouse.

Developmental changes in three enzymes associated with myelin lipids were studied in the shiverer mouse, a murine mutant showing a severe deficiency of CNS myelin. Age-related changes in cerebroside sulfotransferase (measured in brain) and arylsulfatase A and cerebroside B-galactosidase (measured in brain and liver) were the same for shiverer and control mice. The shiverer mouse, therefore, demonstrates a dissociation between the genetic mechanisms regulating myelination in the CNS and developmental changes in enzyme activities thought to be closely related to the synthesis of myelin.

A study of the auditory evoked magnetic field of the human brain.

Small but reproducible and consistent auditory evoked magnetic fields have been obtained for 6 male subjects. These fields exhibit features with a clear spatial symmetry which can be accounted for by assuming that their source consists of two vertically oriented neuronal complexes symmetrically located deep in the temporal lobes. This assignment, which is also consistent with the available electrical data, places the sources within the auditory cortex near the sylvian fissure.

A comparison of the energy and nitrogen metabolism of fed ducklings and chickens.

1. Energy measurements were made over 4 d on groups of three ducklings (aged from 5 to 22 d), and three broiler chickens (aged from 11 to 32 d) offered high- or low-energy diets. 2.

A comparison of the energy and nitrogen metabolism of starved ducklings and chickens.

1. Respiration chambers were used to measure, over 24 h, the heat production of groups of starved ducklings from two batches and of starved broiler chickens from one batch up to 28 and 39 d of age, respectively. Duration of starvation prior to measurements and ambient temperature were adjusted according to the age of the birds.